RESUMO
Non-Group A or D beta hemolytic streptococci were identified in the vaginas of 5-11% of prenatal patients. More than 97% of organisms so identified have been found to be specifically Group B beta hemolytic streptococci (GB-BHS). The differences may have been related to seasonal changes. These organisms were found in 5% of preabortion patients--none of whom developed any infectious morbidity even though no therapy was used prior to the abortion. Of 100 gynecologic patients undergoing major gynecologic surgery, 17% had preoperative cultures positive for GB-BHS. However, the morbidity (18%) was the same for the culture-positive and culture-negative patients.
Assuntos
Colo do Útero/microbiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Streptococcus agalactiae/isolamento & purificação , Vagina/microbiologia , Aborto Induzido , Feminino , Humanos , Histerectomia , Gravidez , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
A case of perihepatitis-salpingitis syndrome is described in a woman from whose cervix Shigella sonnei was isolated. Her sexual practices included anal, then vaginal, intercourse, which may account for the pathogenesis.
Assuntos
Colo do Útero/microbiologia , Disenteria Bacilar/transmissão , Hepatite/etiologia , Peritonite/etiologia , Salpingite/etiologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Comportamento Sexual , Shigella sonnei/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
A review of the pharmacokinetics and the narrow spectrum of action of penicillin G favors this antibiotic over ampicillin for the prophylaxis of early neonatal group B streptococcal (GBS) disease. Penicillin G provides good placental transfer and fetal and neonatal tissue levels. Group B streptococcal disease has a narrower range of sensitivities to penicillin G than to ampicillin, and the potential for selecting more resistant organisms may be greater with the broader spectrum of ampicillin than with penicillin G.
Assuntos
Ampicilina/uso terapêutico , Penicilina G/uso terapêutico , Infecções Estreptocócicas/prevenção & controle , Streptococcus agalactiae , Ampicilina/farmacocinética , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Penicilina G/farmacocinética , Resistência às Penicilinas , Streptococcus agalactiae/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
A cluster of 5 patients with puerperal infection due to group A beta hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS) is described. The most striking clinical signs included the early onset of uterine tenderness followed by an abrupt temperature elevation to greater than or equal to 102 F. At the time of uterine tenderness (Day 2, postpartum), 4 of 5 patients had gram-stained lochial smears showing a predominance of gram-positive cocci. The cluster of cases occurred with no source of the infection identified after 365 culture attempts. Therapy was rapidly successful with intravenous penicillin.
Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar/etiologia , Infecção Puerperal/etiologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas , Feminino , Febre/etiologia , Humanos , Gravidez , Infecção Puerperal/complicações , Infecção Puerperal/microbiologia , Streptococcus pyogenesRESUMO
Povidone-iodine solution (Betadine) at concentrations of 0.167% (v/v) reduced the end-point titers of Strain E.M. herpesvirus, type 2, by more than 99.99%. Even at concentrations of 0.0167% (v/v), povidone-iodine solution reduced the titers by 92%. The iodine solution, per se, had no effect on cultured human fibroblasts in concentrations of 1.67% (v/v).
Assuntos
Herpesviridae/efeitos dos fármacos , Povidona-Iodo/farmacologia , Povidona/análogos & derivados , Células Cultivadas , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Polymicrobial bacteremias with different biotypes of the same organism have not been reported as a cause of bacteremia in any patient. CASE: A 37-year-old gravida had a cesarean delivery performed after a failed vacuum extraction. On the second postoperative day, she developed a septicemia with temperature to 39.4C. Three different biotypes of Escherichia coli with different antibiotic susceptibilities were isolated from her blood. A fourth biotype was isolated from the urinary and genital tracts; therefore, the source of her bacteremia was not apparent. She was treated successfully with cefoxitin and gentamicin. CONCLUSION: Accurate selection of colonies from microbiological isolation plates allowed identification of four different E. coli biotypes (three in the blood) from a bacteremic patient. Rapid identification of antibiotic susceptibility is important in such patients.
Assuntos
Bacteriemia/microbiologia , Infecções por Escherichia coli/microbiologia , Escherichia coli/classificação , Infecção Puerperal/microbiologia , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Bacteriemia/tratamento farmacológico , Cesárea , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Escherichia coli/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Gravidez , Infecção Puerperal/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
A case is reported of herpesvirus infection in the newborn following maternal genital herpesvirus infection. The rationale for treating a newborn infant with signs of disseminated herpesvirus infection by exchange transfusion in addition to adenosine arabinoside is discussed. Because of the lack of data concerning therapy for a disease with a 50 to 100% mortality rate, it is important to present material such as this in order to provide information about possible new therapeutic modalities.
Assuntos
Transfusão Total , Infecções por Herpesviridae/terapia , Doenças do Recém-Nascido/terapia , Nucleosídeos de Purina/uso terapêutico , Vidarabina/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Feminino , Herpesviridae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Herpesviridae/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Herpesviridae/imunologia , Humanos , Imunidade Celular , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , GravidezRESUMO
An old concept--passively immunizing a fetus by actively immunizing (vaccinating) its mother--is reevaluated in light of 50 years of data. The history and data reviewed here suggest that this concept is one whose time has come for active modern research and clinical use. In Third World countries, this concept already has provided significant reduction in morbidity and mortality from neonatal infections such as tetanus. Some other neonatal and infant infections--heretofore life-threatening--may now have a practical method for prevention. These include group B beta-streptococcal sepsis and Hemophilus influenzae meningitis.
Assuntos
Infecções por Haemophilus/prevenção & controle , Imunização Passiva , Troca Materno-Fetal , Meningite por Haemophilus/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Polissacarídeos Bacterianos/imunologia , Gravidez , VacinaçãoRESUMO
The history of syphilis control from the mid-19th century through the present time is a strong argument for the need to enhance the public health efforts to find cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and to notify the partners of infected individuals. To do this, public policy must be changed to allow better case-finding (mandatory testing) and partner notification (mandatory reporting). The history of syphilis is such that one person in 22 was infected in this country in 1918. If we are to use this history to control the current HIV epidemic, control measures used for syphilis (before penicillin) are needed; these are equal attention to education, available health care, case-finding, and partner notification.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Sífilis/história , Sorodiagnóstico da AIDS/legislação & jurisprudência , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/história , Controle de Doenças Transmissíveis/legislação & jurisprudência , Busca de Comunicante , Feminino , Política de Saúde/história , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Humanos , Internacionalidade , Masculino , Sífilis/prevenção & controle , Estados UnidosRESUMO
A case of midtrimester septic abortion due to Hemophilus influenza is discussed on the basis that the pathogeneses of the septic abortion was due to the hematogenous spread of the organism orginating from upper respiratory infection. The absence of ruptured membranes and the elevated antibody titer at the onset of the pelvic infection were in keeping with this hypothesis. Additional data on the bacteriology of this organism and the probability of the occurrence of a type b organism with original ampicillin resistance are presented.