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1.
Nat Nanotechnol ; 17(11): 1153-1158, 2022 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36280762

RESUMO

With a large portfolio of elemental quantum components, superconducting quantum circuits have contributed to advances in microwave quantum optics1. Of these elements, quantum-limited parametric amplifiers2-4 are essential for low noise readout of quantum systems whose energy range is intrinsically low (tens of µeV)5,6. They are also used to generate non-classical states of light that can be a resource for quantum enhanced detection7. Superconducting parametric amplifiers, such as quantum bits, typically use a Josephson junction as a source of magnetically tunable and dissipation-free non-linearity. In recent years, efforts have been made to introduce semiconductor weak links as electrically tunable non-linear elements, with demonstrations of microwave resonators and quantum bits using semiconductor nanowires8,9, a two-dimensional electron gas10, carbon nanotubes11 and graphene12,13. However, given the challenge of balancing non-linearity, dissipation, participation and energy scale, parametric amplifiers have not yet been implemented with a semiconductor weak link. Here, we demonstrate a parametric amplifier leveraging a graphene Josephson junction and show that its working frequency is widely tunable with a gate voltage. We report gain exceeding 20 dB and noise performance close to the standard quantum limit. Our results expand the toolset for electrically tunable superconducting quantum circuits. They also offer opportunities for the development of quantum technologies such as quantum computing, quantum sensing and for fundamental science14.

2.
Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba ; 77(1): 49-51, 2020 03 13.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32238259

RESUMO

Introduction: celiac disease is a medical condition that is characterized by its varied forms of clinical presentation and its association with other autoimmune pathologies. The objective is to describe the case of a patient who presented for consultation due to alopecia areata. Methodology: observational, descriptive, retrospective study of a 24-year-old obese male Results: among the routine studies positive serology for celiac disease was detected and confirmed with digestive endoscopy. Conclusions: the alopecia areata of this patient allowed to reveal another autoimmune disease.


Introducción: la enfermedad celiaca es una afección médica que se caracteriza por sus variadas formas de presentación clínica y por su asociación a otras patologías autoinmunes. Objetivo: describir caso de paciente que se presentó a consulta por alopecía areata. Metodología: estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de varón obeso de 24 años Resultados: entre los estudios de rutina se detecta serología positiva para enfermedad celiaca que se confirma con endoscopía digestiva. Conclusiones: la alopecía areata de este paciente permitió detectar otra enfermedad autoinmune.


Assuntos
Alopecia em Áreas/etiologia , Doença Celíaca/complicações , Obesidade/complicações , Biópsia , Doença Celíaca/diagnóstico , Doença Celíaca/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto Jovem
3.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1390216

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: la automedicación se define como la ingestión de medicamentos por iniciativa propia y sin receta médica. Esta práctica, que suele alcanzar cifras de prevalencia importantes, puede acarrear graves consecuencias a la salud de la población. Objetivos: describir las características de la automedicación en adultos de tres Unidades de Salud Familiar del Paraguay en el período agosto - septiembre del 2019. Metodología: estudio observacional, descriptivo y prospectivo en población adulta utilizando una entrevista estructurada previo consentimiento informado. Se midieron datos demográficos y variables relacionadas al consumo de medicamentos sin prescripción médica. Resultados: fueron estudiados 153 sujetos, de los cuales la edad media fue 43±17 años, con predominio del sexo femenino (77,2%). La situación laboral predominante fue quehaceres domésticos (39,2%). La mayoría (40%) tenía un nivel de escolaridad secundaria. En 101 casos (66%) se detectó algún grado de automedicación pues muchos admitieron ingerir más de un fármaco a la vez. La principal fuente de adquisición de los medicamentos fueron las farmacias (50%). La fuente de información del medicamento requerido para las afecciones de los sujetos estudiados fue principalmente el farmacéutico (37%). Los fármacos ingeridos con mayor frecuencia fueron los analgésicos (84%). El principal síntoma que motivo la automedicación fue el dolor (75%). Conclusión: la frecuencia de automedicación fue 66% predominando la ingesta de analgésicos y antipiréticos. Los síntomas que mayormente motivaron esta conducta fueron la fiebre y el dolor y la principal fuente de adquisición de los medicamentos fueron las farmacias.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Self-medication is defined as the ingestion of medications on their own initiative and without a prescription. This practice, which usually reaches significant prevalence figures, can have serious consequences for the health of the population. Objectives: To describe the characteristics of self-medication in adults of three Family Health Units of Paraguay in the period August - September 2019. Methodology: Observational, descriptive and prospective study in the adult population using a structured interview with prior informed consent. Demographic data and variables related to the consumption of non-prescription medications were measured. Results: One hundred and fifty-three subjects were studied, with a mean age of 43±17 years and female predominance (77.2%). The predominant employment situation was household chores (39.2%). The majority (40%) had high school level. In 101 cases (66%) some degree of self-medication was detected as many admitted to ingest more than one drug at a time. The main source of acquisition of drugs were pharmacies (50%). The source of information on the medication required for the conditions of the subjects studied was mainly the pharmacist (37%). The drugs most frequently ingested were analgesics (84%). The main symptom that caused self-medication was pain (75%). Conclusion: The frequency of self-medication was 66% predominating the intake of analgesics and antipyretics. The symptoms that mostly motivated this behavior were fever and pain and the main source of medication acquisition was pharmacies.

4.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1390145

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: el síndrome metabólico se asocia con un mayor riesgo cardiovascular, incluyendo la enfermedad arterial periférica. Objetivos: determinar la frecuencia de la enfermedad arterial periférica detectada por el método índice tobillo brazo en pacientes con síndrome metabólico, describir las características clínicas y laboratoriales del síndrome metabólico y detallar la sintomatología de los pacientes con EAP según la escala de Fontaine Metodología: estudio observacional prospectivo realizado en 100 pacientes adultos que cumplían con criterios para síndrome metabólico, según los criterios armonizados del año 2009 internados en el Servicio de Clínica Médica del Hospital Nacional (Itauguá, Paraguay) en años 2016 y 2017. El índice tobillo-brazo derecho se calculó por el cociente de la presión arterial sistólica del tobillo derecho dividido la presión arterial sistólica más elevada de cualquier brazo y de forma similar para el índice tobillo-brazo izquierdo. Se consideró índice tobillo-brazo compatible con enfermedad arterial periférica todo valor ≤ 0,9. Resultados: se hallo 23% de insuficiencia vascular periférica, siendo 18% del lado derecho, 13% del lado izquierdo y 8% bilateral. Los criterios para síndrome metabólico fueron: hipertensión arterial (100%), circunferencia abdominal aumentada (89%), glicemia en ayunas elevada o diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (50%), colesterol HDL bajo (47%), triglicéridos elevados (35%). Solo 7/23 (30%) sujetos presentaron síntomas según la escala de Fontaine, 5 pacientes en estadio IIa y 2 en estadio IIb. Conclusión: la frecuencia de enfermedad arterial periférica fue 23%. La claudicación de miembros estaba presente en 30% de los afectados.


ABSTRACT Introduction: The metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk, including peripheral arterial disease. Objectives: To determine the frequency of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) detected by the ankle-brachial index method in patients with metabolic syndrome, to describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of the metabolic syndrome and to detail the symptomatology of patients with PAD according to Fontaine scale. Methodology: A prospective observational study performed on 100 adult patients who met criteria for metabolic syndrome, according to the harmonized criteria of 2009, and admitted in the Medical Clinic Service of the Hospital Nacional (Itauguá, Paraguay) in 2016 and 2017. The right ankle-brachial index was calculated by the ratio of the systolic blood pressure of the right ankle divided by the higher systolic blood pressure of any arm and similarly for the left ankle-brachial index. The ankle-brachial index compatible with peripheral arterial disease was considered to be any value ≤0.9. Results: Twenty three percent of peripheral vascular insufficiency was found, being 18% of the right side, 13% of the left side and 8% bilateral. The criteria for metabolic syndrome were: arterial hypertension (100%), increased abdominal circumference (89%), high fasting blood sugar or type 2 diabetes mellitus (50%), low HDL cholesterol (47%), high triglycerides (35%). Only 7/23 (30%) subjects presented symptoms according to the Fontaine scale, 5 patients in stage IIa and 2 in stage IIb. Conclusion: The frequency of peripheral arterial disease was 23%. Claudication of limbs was present in 30% of those affected.

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