RESUMO
The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in coping strategies employed by liver transplant recipients and their family members according to patient posttraumatic growth. Two matched groups of 214 liver transplant recipients and 214 family members were selected. The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and Brief COPE were used. The most relevant results were: (1) Interactive effects in active coping, support (instrumental and emotional) and acceptance strategies, which were all used more by patients with higher growth levels, while their family members showed no differences in use of these strategies by patient growth level. Furthermore, while a low level of patient growth did not mark differences between them and their caregivers, a high level did, patients employing more active coping and support (instrumental and emotional), (2) In both groups a high level of patient growth was associated with more use of positive reframing and denial than a low one, and (3) Self-blame was employed by patients more than by their caregivers. It was concluded that a high level of posttraumatic growth in liver transplant recipients is associated with more use of healthy coping strategies, basically active coping, instrumental support, and emotional support.
RESUMO
El objetivo es determinar la eficacia de un programa de prevención (PP) para el desarrollo de TCA, aplicado en seis sesiones a 115 chicas de 1º y 2º de ESO (edad media= 12,71; DT= 0,72). Pre, post-programa y al año de seguimiento se aplicaron el EAT-40 y el BSQ. Post-programa, se administró una encuesta que evaluaba la capacidad para identificar la influencia de factores de riesgo. Los resultados al año de las chicas de 2º de ESO ya en 3º de ESO, se contrastaron con los obtenidos por un grupo de chicas (n= 69) del mismo curso (edad media= 14,36; DT= 0,54) no participantes en el PP. Las participantes mostraron puntuaciones muy bajas en ambos cuestionarios desde el pre-programa. Los efectos de la intervención fueron escasos, aunque se observó una alta capacidad adquirida en identificar la influencia de los factores de riesgo. En comparación con las no participantes, las participantes presentaban al año de seguimiento significativamente menos patología alimentaria y de la imagen corporal. En conclusión, el PP ha mostrado su eficacia a corto y largo plazo y el curso idóneo para su aplicación es 2º de ESO (AU)
The objective of this paper was to determine the efficacy of a program applied to 115 girls in 1st and 2nd grade in Secondary Obligatory Education (ESO) (average age=12.71; SD=0.72) in six sessions to prevent the onset of eating disorders. Pre-, post-program and after a one-year follow-up, the EAT-40 and BSQ were applied. Additionally, a questionnaire was created to assess the capability of identifying risk factors in ED development. The results were contrasted with those obtained from a group of girls (N= 69) in the same grades and of the same age (average age=14.36; SD=0.54) who did not participate in the prevention program (PP). Participants were already showing very low scores on both questionnaires from the pre-program. The effects of the intervention were scarce, although it was observed that a high capability of identifying risk factors had been acquired. When compared to the non-participants and after the one-year follow up, the participants showed significant lower eating and body image pathologies. The program has proven its efficacy both in short and long-term and the ideal school year to apply it is 2nd grade ESO