Prevalence of migraine in a rural community in south Benin.

Migraine is a very common neurological disorder worldwide. Its prevalence is lower in developing countries. There were no data concerning the general population in Benin. We aimed to determine the prevalence of migraine in a rural community of Benin. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural area of Abomey from February to April 2003 and included 1113 persons selected by a two-stage survey. A case was defined according to International Headache Society criteria (1988). Of the 1113 persons, 37 had migraine. The lifetime prevalence of migraine was 3.3% (male 2.2%, female 4.0%). The peak prevalence was found in persons in the second decade of life. Higher levels of education were associated with migraine. Migraine without aura was the more frequent form (67.5%). The most frequent triggers of migraine were annoyance (73.0%), exposure to the sun (73.0%), heat (65.0%) and anxiety (51.4%). The low prevalence rate of migraine in Benin confirmed the results of the few available African studies. The disease is severe and occurs in a young population and could lead to a high socio-economical burden.

[Factors associated with quality of life for patients with post-stroke aphasia in the Cotonou hospitals, Benin]. / Facteurs associes a la qualite de vie des aphasiques post accident vasculaire cerebral en milieu hospitalier a cotonou, Benin.

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to determine the factors influencing quality of life for patients with post-stroke aphasia followed in Cotonou hospitals. METHOD: A prospective descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in CNHU-HKM (Cotonou, Benin) from October to December 2012; focusing on patients with at least six months of post-stroke aphasia. For each patient, a SIP-65 questionnaire was administered. The Epi Info 3.5 software was used for data analysis. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine factors associated with quality of life for patients with aphasia. RESULTS: In total, 41 patients were included in this study with a sex ratio of 1.3. The average age was 55.3 ± 2.5 years. The average duration of the aphasia was 10 months. Broca's aphasia was predominant (68.3%). 60.8% of aphasia patients were able to preserve their quality of life. Multivariate analysis showed that age, family support, the type of stroke and aphasia and speech therapy were associated with quality of life. CONCLUSION: The treatment of post-stroke aphasia must incorporate these factors associated with quality of life for a better recovery of patients.

INTRODUCTION: L'objectif de ce travail était de déterminer les facteurs influençant la qualité de vie des patients aphasiques post-AVC suivis à Cotonou. MÉTHODE: Il s'agit d'une étude transversale, prospective descriptive et analytique qui s'est déroulée au CNHU-HKM de Cotonou d'Octobre à Décembre 2012; elle a inclus les patients aphasiques post-AVC d'au moins six mois. Pour chaque patient, un questionnaire SIP-65 a été administré. Le logiciel Epi info 3.5 a servi de base à l'analyse des données. Une analyse multivariée a été effectuée pour déterminer les facteurs associés à la qualité de vie des aphasiques. RÉSULTATS: Au total, 41 patients ont été inclus dans l'étude avec une sex-ratio de 1,3. L'âge moyen était de 55,3 ± 2,5 ans. La durée moyenne d'évolution de l'aphasie était 10 mois. L'aphasie de Broca était prédominante (68,3%). 60,8% des aphasiques avaient une qualité de vie préservée. L'analyse multivariée a montré que l'âge, le soutien de la famille, le type d'AVC et d'aphasie et le traitement orthophonique étaient associés à la qualité de vie. CONCLUSION: La prise en charge des aphasiques post-AVC doit intégrer ces facteurs associés à la qualité de vie pour une meilleure récupération des patients.

[Epilepsy, intracranial hypertension, confusional syndrome and cutaneous cysticercosis. Apropos of 1 case observed in a hospital in Benin]. / Epilepsie, hypertension intracrânienne, syndrome confusionnel et cysticercose cutanée. A propos d'un cas observé en milieu hospitalier au Bénin.

We report the first case of diffused cysticercosis combined with epilepsy, myositis and confusional syndrome in Benin. In the absence of tomodensitometric exploration, the patient was treated with success by praziquantel and corticosteroids. This implies the existence of a human focus of cysticercosis in Benin.

[Seroprevalence of cysticercosis in the lacustrian community of Vekky, Atlantic district (Benin)]. / Séroprévalence de la cysticercose dans la commune lacustre de Vekky, département de l'Atlantique (Bénin).

Cysticercosis is a parasitic disease due to the infection of man with Cysticercus cellulose, the larva of Taenia solium. This disease is frequent in countries with low socio-economic development and is linked to sanitary conditions. The aim is to assess the seroprevalence of cysticercosis in the lacustrine vicinity of Vekky, located on the lake Nokoué, District Atlantic, south Benin, an epidemiological survey was undertaken in April and May 1994. The lacustrian vicinity of Vekky comprises 12 villages including 16, 142 inhabitants. Population has been sampled using cluster sampling method (n = 30) at two levels (village and household). The whole samples consisted in 319 adults (123 females and 196 males, mean of ages: 32.8 +/- 18.3). Titration of cysticercosis antibodies has been made using ELISA. Eleven patients (3 females and 8 males) showed a positive ELISA response for cysticercosis, i.e. the seroprevalence of cysticercosis was 3.5% (CI 95%:1.3-8%). There was no significant difference according to age and sex. The seroprevalence of cysticercosis reached 9.1% in patients who presented history of epilepsy. We failed to find any linkage between seropositivity and i) clinical history of epilepsy or taeniasis, or ii) several studied environmental factors such as consumption of pork, wandering of pigs, lack of veterinary supervision, religion and occupation. Human seroprevalence of cysticercosis reaches 3.5% in vicinity of Vekky, which denotes a high endemic level. Further epidemiological studies are necessary to precise the factors involving cysticercosis in this area.

[Epilepsy caused by cysticercosis. Apropos of a sociological and cultural investigation conducted at Savalou in Benin]. / Epilepsie provoquée par la cysticercose. A propos d'une enquête sociologique et culturelle réalisée à Savalou au Bénin.

Neurocysticercosis has been detected at Savalou, place situated in the center of Bénin. The prevalence of epilepsy was 1.52% (22 out of 1443) and of cysticercosis, 3.95% (57 out of 1443). It was then necessary to appreciate the socio-cultural and environmental dimension which could explain the propagation of the disease and to look for contingent durable and adapted solutions for its eradication. The collect of information has been done through observation of the environment, interviews and group-discussions. A sample of 104 persons has been obtained through a probation at three degrees. At the end of the survey, the characteristics of the population and the ecosystem of the investigated region has been studied, as well as the impact of professionals in traditional medicine and the difficulties of the epileptic man in his socio-cultural environment. The development of an appropriate ethnomedicine is suggested in the setting of a sanitary education on neurocysticercosis.

[Diabetic nephropathy: an epidemiological study based on proteinuria in a population of black African diabetics in Cotonou, Benin]. / Néphropathie diabétique: une étude épidémiologique fondée sur la protéinurie dans une population de diabétiques noirs africains à Cotonou, Benin.

We evaluated proteinuria to determine the frequency of diabetic nephropathy and to study epidemiological aspects of this disease. We measured 24-hour urinary protein excretion in 152 diabetic patients. We recorded the age and sex of each patient, the duration of diabetes and blood glucose concentration. Proteinuria was diagnosed in 28% of the diabetic patients. The frequency of proteinuria was higher in men (33%) than in women (19%). The highest frequency (37.5%) was observed in subjects aged 70 years or over. In these patients, the higher frequency of proteinuria was associated with a longer duration of diabetes. However, proteinuria was detected in 28% of patients with diabetes diagnosed less than one year previously, suggesting a long period of undiagnosed diabetes in these subjects. Finally, proteinuria was more frequent in patients treated with insulin (42%) than in those treated orally (25%). Thus, diabetic nephropathy is a frequent complication in black diabetic patients in Cotonou. As hemodialysis and kidney transplantation are very expensive and access to these treatments is limited in developing countries, preventive measures based on optimizing patient management and the early diagnosis of diabetes and its complications are required.

Facteurs associés à la qualité de vie des aphasiques post-accident vasculaire cérébral en milieu hospitalier à Cotonou, Bénin

L'objectif de ce travail était de déterminer les facteurs influençant la qualité de vie des patients aphasiques post-AVC suivis à Cotonou. Méthode : Il s'agit d'une étude transversale, prospective descriptive et analytique qui s'est déroulée au CNHU-HKM de Cotonou d'Octobre à Décembre 2012 ; elle a inclus les patients aphasiques post-AVC d'au moins six mois. Pour chaque patient, un questionnaire SIP-65 a été administré. Le logiciel Epi info 3.5 a servi de base à l'analyse des données. Une analyse multivariée a été effectuée pour déterminer les facteurs associés à la qualité de vie des aphasiques. Résultats : Au total, 41 patients ont été inclus dans l'étude avec une sex-ratio de 1,3. L'âge moyen était de 55,3 ± 2,5 ans. La durée moyenne d'évolution de l'aphasie était 10 mois. L'aphasie de Broca était prédominante (68,3%). 60,8% des aphasiques avaient une qualité de vie préservée. L'analyse multivariée a montré que l'âge, le soutien de la famille, le type d'AVC et d'aphasie et le traitement orthophonique étaient associés à la qualité de vie. Conclusion : La prise en charge des aphasiques post-AVC doit intégrer ces facteurs associés à la qualité de vie pour une meilleure récupération des patients

Epidemiologie de la neurocysticercose en Afrique Noire

La neurocysticercose constitue; quand le parasite est localise dans le systeme nerveux; une affection a signes neurologiques bruyants: epilepsie; convulsion; hydrocephalie. C'est une maladie cosmopolite qui sevit dans les pays en voie de developpement notamment en Afrique Noire ou des zones d'endemie existent. Ce sont les conditions defavorables d'hygiene qui permettent sa propagation. Les donnees epidemiologiques concernant la prevalence de la neurocysticercose sont limitees; et les differentes etudes quoi que difficilement comparables; montrent que l'affection est une cause tres importante de l'epilepsie. Les differentes methodes de depistage pour chaque pays et les facteurs environnementaux et socio-culturels qui influencent son developpement sont passes en revue. Les mesures preventives mises en oeuvre par les differents pays sont egalement rapportees

Paralysie faciale peripherique isolee et serologique positive du VIH : une etude de 6 cas au CNHU de Cotonou (Benin)

Une etude prospective de 6 cas de paralysie faciale peripherique inaugurant un SIDA; observes au CHNU de Cotonou au Benin; est rapportee. La paralysie a constitue une complication initiale de l'infection a VIH dans tous les cas. Elle etait droite dans 4 cas et gauche dans 2 cas; complete dans 5 cas; et de survenue brutale chez tous les patients. Le liquide Cephalo-rachidien (LCR) etait a anormal 2 fois. La recuperation a ete totale dans la plupart des cas. Une redicive a ete pourtant notee