[Comparative study of the influence of renal endogenic factors on the proliferation activity of epithelial cells].

The proliferation activity of monolayer culture of Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDSK) cells is suppressed by a thermostable protein factor of renal tissue of white rats and of humans. Under the influence of renal factors (RF), a decrease in cell number, and suppression of DNA synthesis and mitotic activity in MDCK cells occur. The inhibition of proliferative activity of cultured cells under the influence of RF was substantiated also by MTT assay. It was established that the inhibitory influence of RF is stipulated by suppression of RNA synthesis. It follows that RF may inhibit division of MDCK cells via suppression of gene expression in G1-phase. Similar factors were obtained from renal cells of different systematic groups of organisms (snail, frog, fish, pigeon, guinea pig, swine).

[Plaferon LB in prevention of radiation-induced changes in lipid metabolism indices and erythrocyte deformability rate].

Oxidative damage of biological membranes plays critical role in the process of radiation-induced damages in tissues and cells. It involves reactive oxygen species generated under ionizing radiation. Development of radiation-induced oxidative stress facilitates the intensification of lipid peroxidation and fatty acid reorganization, which, in its turn, results in decreased lipid matrix fluidity, changes in biophysical properties of membranes, increased rigidity of membrane lipid-protein surface. Radiation-induced damage of cellular and subcellular membrane structures results in cellular metabolism disorder, which facilitates farther dysfunction of tissues and changes in homeostasis of whole organism. Hence, the search for effective protection is of actual interest of contemporary radiology. Our study aimed to determine membrane protective properties of Plaferon LB under radiation. On the basis of obtained results we can conclude that intensification of free radical oxidation, accompanying radiation damage, facilitates the activation of lipolysis in a body and functional and structural disorders of erythrocytes revealed by lowered deformability of erythrocytes and accumulation of methaemoglobin. Both vitamin C and Plaferon LB were found ineffective for correction of lipid metabolism at early stage of post radiation damage; although facilitating a decrease in oxidation intensity in blood, they provided retention of erythrocyte deformability and thereby, partial retention of rheological properties of blood. It should be mentioned that in contrast with vitamin C, Plaferon LB, apart from its ability to restrict reactive oxygen formation, revealed ability to stabilize erythrocyte membranes and thereby to prevent hemolysis.

[Role of NO and several mechanisms of plaferon lb action in the regulation of arterial blood pressure during hemorrhagic shock].

The present study aimed to establish the role of NO and mechanisms of plaferon LB (PLB) (USA patent N WO 02/12444 A2) effectiveness in the regulation of arterial blood pressure (ABP) during hemorrhagic shock (HS). As it follows from the results of our study and literary data analysis, stress-hormone mediated receptor-induced accumulation of Ca2+ ions in vascular cells occurs during experimental HS. At that, rapid release of large amount of NO due to Ca-dependent eNOS activation in endothelium results in the prevalence of NO-dependent relaxation mechanisms over Ca2+-dependent constriction in smooth muscle cells with subsequent abrupt decrease in ABP. In experimental HS, reproduced against preliminary administration of isoptine, blockage of Ca entry in endothelial cells prevents intensification of Ca-dependent synthesis of nitric oxide, and consequently, prevents activation of NO-dependent mechanisms of dilatation thereby facilitating ABP elevation. Preliminary administration of LNAME inhibits nitric oxide synthesis in blood vessel endothelium and consequently prevents activation of NO-dependent mechanisms of dilatation. Insignificant (by 17%) increase of Ca2+ levels in artery of animals of this experimental group is likely due to transitory hormone-induced entry of calcium through slow Ca channels, which at the inhibition of NO-dependent vasodilatation provides constriction of blood vessels and normalization of ABP. Given the ability of PLB to regulate nitric oxide synthesis at various pathological processes, we suggest that normalization of ABP by this preparation during HS is mainly due to NO-modulating activity of PLB. PLB maintains physiological concentrations of NO in blood vessels. Nitric oxide, in its turn, provides normalization of ABP in experimental animals due to the regulation of vascular smooth muscle tone through the modulation of Ca2+ levels. Thus, we can conclude that nitric oxide plays significant role in the regulation of the balance between constrictory and dilatatory mechanisms of vascular tone. PLB due to its NO modulating activity provides maintenance of physiological activity of nitric oxide, normalization of Ca2+ levels and ABP in blood vessels.

[Effectiveness of plaferon LB in gamma-radiotherapy].

Free radical oxidation plays important role in the radiation-induced cell and tissue damage. Numerous studies evidence a decrease in body antioxidant system activity and changes in nitric oxide levels during irradiation. It has been demonstrated that in the process of radiation damage NO may play either radioprotective or radiotoxic role depending on body redox status. Hence, the search for effective radioprotectors is an urgent issue of the contemporary radiology. We applied vitamin C and plaferon LB as radioprotectors. Plaferon LB has antioxidant, antihypoxic, immunomodulating and antiapoptotic effects. Our study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of correcting action of plaferon LB on oxidative -- reducing balance of the body subjected to ionizing radiation. There have been studied changes in catalase, SOD, GR and ceruloplasmine activities as well as blood NO levels, superoxide and lipoperoxide radical levels in rats being subjected to gamma-radiation and treated by above mentioned preparations. As a result of our study we can conclude that preliminary and postradiation application of antioxidants at irradiation has a protective effect.

[The evaluation of the immunogenic activity of an experimental lot of a vaccine against rotavirus infection in cattle on an animal-breeding farm complex]. / Otsenka immunogennoi aktivnosti éksperimental'noi serii vaktsiny protiv rotavirusnoi bolezni krupnogo rogatogo skota v usloviiakh zhivotnovodcheskogo kompleksa.

The immunogenic potency of an experimental vaccine against rotavirus infection of cattle was studied under production conditions. Cows with calves were vaccinated in the second period of pregnancy once, twice and three times. The study showed the schedule of immunization of pregnant cows including three vaccinations at 50-40, 30-20, and 15-10 days before delivery to be technological, providing a high protective effect in newborn calves.

[Comparative study of the antiproliferative action of placental interferons]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie antiproliferativnogo deistviia platsentarnykh interferonov.

The antiproliferative activity of placenta interferons (amniotic, chorional) prepared at the Institute of Experimental Morphology, Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, was studied. Amniotic interferon was found to be most active in tumor cell cultures of human origin. Placenta interferons showed lower antiproliferative activity in continuous monkey and hamster kidney cell cultures and primary human embryo fibroblast cultures.

[Physicochemical and biological properties of human placental amniotic interferon]. / Izuchenie fiziko-khimicheskikh i biologicheskikh svoistv chelovecheskogo platsentarnogo amnioticheskogo interferona.

The possibility of generating large quantities of highly active interferon from human placenta amniotic membrane (plaferon) has been demonstrated. Plaferon is innocuous and nonreactogenic in experimental models and has an antiviral effect of wide spectrum. The activity is resistant to DNase, RNase, lipase, and stable at pH 2. A polyclonal serum to human leukocyte interferon and monoclonal NK-2 antibody did not inhibit the antiviral activity of plaferon. The level of hormones in plaferon and leukocyte interferon preparations was practically similar. In diploid cultures of human fibroblasts the antiviral condition under the effect of plaferon developed slower than under the effect of leukocyte interferon.

[Thermophilic eukaryotic cell cultures]. / Termofil'nye éukariotnye kul'tury kletok.

Thermophilic clones of lymphoblastoid cell cultures Namalwa were generated and found to be capable of life and reproduction at a temperature of 60 degrees C. The reproductive dynamics, cytology, and ultrastructure of these clones were studied.

[Effect of remantadine on the course of influenzal infection in immunosuppressed mice]. / Vliianie remantadina na techenie grippoznoi infektsii u immunodepressirovannykh myshei.

The results of the study on the influence of remantadine on the course of experimental influenza infection in mice with immunity suppressed by cyclophosphamide are presented. Mice treated with cyclophosphamide were shown to have a more severe course of influenza infection. Remantadine, as an effective chemotherapeutic drug, decreased mortality rates in all the treated groups of the animals.

[Indices of the interferon system in patients with viral myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy]. / Pokazateli sistemy interferona u bol'nykh virusnym miokarditom i dilatatsionnoi kardiomiopatiei.

The authors presented some data on the investigation of the interferon system in patients with dilatation cardiomyopathy (DCM) and viral myocarditis (VM). Diagnosis was verified according to the WHO criteria. Altogether 10 DCM patients and 24 VM patients with a grave course were investigated. Antibodies to Coxsackie B virus and influenza were detected in the VM patients. A decrease in the alpha- and gamma-interferon activity was shown in all DCM patients. The VM patients with a grave course also demonstrated a decrease in the alpha- and especially gamma-interferon (immune) activity. Methods of immune correction in such patients were discussed.

[Manifestations of oxidative stress and its correction in traumatic shock]. / Proiavleniia oksidantnogo stressa i ego korrektsiia pri travmaticheskom shoke.

The case study purpose was to investigate the oxidation-antioxidation process in the affected organism after traumatic shock and under the impact of Plapherone LB. A randomized experiment involved 94 patients who were shared between 2 groups: group 1--routine intensive therapy, group 2--it received additionally Plapherone LB (sublingually, 2 mg protein/day). Ten persons of the control group were investigated separately. It was found by the method of electron paramagnet resonance that the antixidant system became weaker (in patients with traumatic chock), the lipoid oxidants got more intensified, the activity of their oxidant enzymes went up and the concentration of free radical got to be higher. Finally, Plapherone LB was found to promote the optimization of such systemic changes, since it normalized the xanthine oxidase activity in experimental traumatic shock.