FRUCTOSAMINE VALUES IN MONITORING COMPENSATION AND EFFICACY OF DIABETES MELLITUS TREATMENT.

OBJECTIVE: Aim: The relevance of the study is determined by the objective of finding an optimal type of diagnostics of carbohydrate metabolism, that would assess the condition of a diabetic patient undergoing treatment. The purpose of the study is to create a model for monitoring the efficacy of diabetes mellitus treatment by determining the fructosamine levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The methods for investigating the highlighted issue are clinical examination and laboratory diagnosis of diabetic patients to measure the state of carbon metabolism using ion-exchange chromatography to determine glycated haemoglobin levels and an automatic colorimetric method to determine fructosamine levels. RESULTS: Results: The study presents certain values of fructosamine over the level of changes in the state of patients with diabetes mellitus, reflecting the progress from the treatment in the compensation of carbohydrate metabolism, which allows creating a model of diagnostic values of the fructosamine levels, according to which the efficacy of treatment of diabetes mellitus, the state of progress of the disease in its compensation or decompensation are determined at a qualitative level. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: This allows for the timely adaptive corrective therapeutic and preventive measures to be carried out by medical personnel, who, using values, will monitor the efficacy of treatment in each patient once every three weeks, as this will determine the influence of the type of conducted treatment or other factors aimed at compensating for pathogenetic and clinical manifestations of the disease, which makes the identified fructosamine criteria an important component in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, and indirectly allows to improve the life quality of this patient population, thus bringing a practical solution to the challenge facing the healthcare sector.

Epidemiological Features of Diabetes in Kazakhstan in 2018-2021 (Population Study).

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with diabetes are among the most vulnerable. Our purpose is to research the dynamics of morbidity, mortality, and survival of patients with diabetes in Kazakhstan before and during the current pandemic. Methods: The indicators were calculated taking into account gender and nosological forms (E10-E14, according to ICD-10).The survival analysis was performed by the method of constructing survival tables and the Kaplan-Meier method. Based on methods, the official reporting data of 1,903,243 cases of diabetes and 20,605 deaths from diabetes were analyzed for the period 2018-2021. Results: In Kazakhstan, during the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in the absolute frequency of all cases of diseases by 1.8 times (716,048 in 2021 against 396,990 in 2018) and newly detected by 2.0 times (from 38,396 to 75,027), also prevalence by 1.7 times (3743.9 in 2021 against 2142.2 in 2018) and incidence E10-E14 by 1.9 times (392.3 in 2021 against 207.2 in 2018). Mortality from E10-E14 in Kazakhstan increased during the pandemic by more than 1.5 times (34.1 per 100,000 in 2021 against 22.3 per 100,000 in 2018), and the average survival time at E10-E14 shifted (from 69.8 to 70.5 years) (P = 0.001). Conclusion: To a greater extent, the increase in diseases and terminal outcomes occurred due to non-insulin-dependent type (E11) diabetes, mainly in the female population.