RESUMO
Leishmaniasis has increased in importance in recent years because infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has emerged as a risk factor for this disease. However, the actual prevalence of leishmaniasis in the general population of Spain is unknown. We present a study of the seroprevalence of infection with Leishmania infantum in the general population of Castilla-Leon, Spain. A random sample of individuals presenting to health care clinics (4,825 sera) and of HIV-infected patients in the autonomous community of Castilla-Leon was collected in 1996. The sero-prevalence of antibodies to L. infantum was determined by an indirect enzyme immunoassay and found to be 4.9% in the general population. There was a significant increase in seroprevalence with age (P = 0.001), from 3.96% in those 14-20 years old to 7.2% in those > 70 years old. There were no significant differences between women and men (5.0% versus 4.9%; P = 0.9534). Seroprevalence was significantly higher in people from rural areas than in those from cities (6.0% versus 3.4%; P = 0.001). Patients infected with HIV had a seroprevalence for L. infantum of 64.0%. No differences were observed between women and men, and prevalence did not increase with age.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Leishmania infantum/imunologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Feminino , Soropositividade para HIV/complicações , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Leishmaniose Visceral/diagnóstico , Leishmaniose Visceral/parasitologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Espanha/epidemiologia , Abuso de Substâncias por Via Intravenosa/complicaçõesRESUMO
Se describe un brote de gastroenteritis aguda por Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium monofásica 4, 5, 12: i:-, en una concentración de motos en Valladolid. Se recogió información de 112 afectados pertenecientes a 7 Comunidades Autónomas. La investigación epidemiológica asoció el brote al consumo de bocadillos de carne de cerdo asada con salsa que vendía un puesto ambulante en dicho evento
This report presents an outbreak of monophasic Salmonella enteric serovar Typhimurium fagotipe 4, 5, 12: i:-, in a motorcycle concentration in Valladolid. Information was collected to one hundred and twelve affected from seven Spanish Autonomous Communities. The epidemiological investigation associated the outbreak with the consumption of roast pork with sauce sandwiches sold at a street market in that event