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1.
J Nucl Med ; 19(4): 387-92, 1978 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-632927

RESUMO

The Tc-99m human serum albumin (HSA) system has been reinvestigated with gel filtration as the assay method. Other than Tc-99m HSA, two radioactive components have been isolated by this technique. Both components are tin-technetium colloids of differing particle sizes, and the relative quantity of each one is pH-dependent. The colloid has been further characterized by protein-induced x-ray emission analysis (PIXE) and by tissue distribution in rats. By this gel-filtration method, commercial Tc-99m HSA kits have been evaluated and have revealed varying amounts of colloids present.


Assuntos
Marcação por Isótopo/normas , Albumina Sérica , Tecnécio , Animais , Coloides , Masculino , Oxirredução , Ratos , Estanho
4.
Epidemiol Infect ; 135(5): 827-33, 2007 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17076938

RESUMO

On 3 February 2004, the Vermont Department of Health received reports of acute gastroenteritis in persons who had recently visited a swimming facility. A retrospective cohort study was conducted among persons attending the facility between 30 January and 2 February. Fifty-three of 189 (28%) persons interviewed developed vomiting or diarrhoea within 72 h after visiting the facility. Five specimens tested positive for norovirus and three specimen sequences were identical. Entering the smaller of the two pools at the facility was significantly associated with illness (RR 5.67, 95% CI 1.5-22.0, P=0.012). The investigation identified several maintenance system failures: chlorine equipment failure, poorly trained operators, inadequate maintenance checks, failure to alert management, and insufficient record keeping. This study demonstrates the vulnerability of recreational water to norovirus contamination, even in the absence of any obvious vomiting or faecal accident. Our findings also suggest that norovirus is not as resistant to chlorine as previously reported in experimental studies. Appropriate regulations and enforcement, with adequate staff training, are necessary to ensure recreational water safety.


Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Gastroenterite/epidemiologia , Norovirus/isolamento & purificação , Microbiologia da Água , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cloro/farmacologia , Estudos de Coortes , Desinfecção , Feminino , Gastroenterite/etiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Norovirus/efeitos dos fármacos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Piscinas
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