Balloon kyphoplasty for pure traumatic thoracolumbar fractures: retrospective analysis of 61 cases focusing on restoration of vertebral height.

PURPOSE: The literature concerning the use of balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) for pure traumatic fractures is unclear. We report our experience about the treatment of a specific subgroup of traumatic vertebral fractures (AOSpine type A) with BKP through a retrospective analysis. METHODS: Sixty-one patients affected by AOSpine type A traumatic fractures of the thoracolumbar spine underwent BKP at our institution (2004-2008): 26 males and 35 females; mean age 52 ± 15 (18-75) years. At 6-12 and 60 months follow-up examinations, vertebral height restoration, sagittal spinal alignment and pain were recorded. RESULTS: Kyphoplasty proved to be a safe method to treat these fractures preserving a relative correct spinal sagittal balance with recovery of the morphology of the fractured vertebra, vertebral height and the angle of kyphosis. CONCLUSIONS: BKP used for traumatic fractures significantly alleviates pain, does not cause notable complications and enables patients to return to their normal lives in a short time.

Spontaneous intraparenchymal tension pneumocephalus triggered by compulsive forceful nose blowing.

The case is described of a 50-year-old man, treated for 10 years in an outpatient psychiatric clinic for an obsessive compulsive disorder, who presented with acute loss of consciousness after forceful nose blowing. A CT scan revealed an intraparenchymal air collection with tension signs in the left frontal lobe and a bone defect in the roof of the ethmoid sinus. After emergency left frontal craniotomy and dura opening, the gaseous collection was evacuated by a ventricular catheter inserted into the brain and the bone defect was repaired with pericranium flap and muscle. The postoperative course was uneventful with neurocognitive improvement and regained motility. Spontaneous tension pneumocephalus is a rare life-threatening condition which is often caused by a bone defect near the tegmen tympani. This case illustrates both an unusual cause and a unique surgical treatment for spontaneous tension intraparenchymal pneumocephalus. It can be a dangerous entity with potential for early mortality and long-term morbidity if not promptly decompressed. The pathogenesis, diagnosis and surgical strategies for spontaneous tension pneumocephalus are briefly discussed.

Comparison between LigaSure™ and Harmonic® in Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Single-Center Experience on 422 Patients.

Background: New laparoscopic devices, such as electrothermal bipolar-activated devices (LigaSure™ (LS)) or ultrasonic systems (Harmonic® scalpel (HS)), have been applied recently to bariatric surgery allowing to reduce blood loss and surgical risks. The aim of this study was to retrospectively compare intraoperative performance of HS and LS, postoperative results, and clinical outcomes in a large cohort of patients undergoing LSG. Methods: Data from 422 morbidly obese patients undergoing LSG in our Bariatric Unit at the Advanced Biomedical Sciences Department of the "Federico II" University of Naples (Italy) between January 2009 and December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Subjects were divided into two groups (HS and LS), and operative time, intraoperative complications, and postoperative (within 30 days from surgery) complications were compared. Bleeding from the omentum or from the staple line, use of hemostatic clips, and absorbable hemostat were recorded as intraoperative complications; hemorrhages, abscess formation, gastric leaks, fever, and mortality were considered as postoperative complications. Results: Statistical analysis showed no difference in terms of baseline demographics between the two cohorts. Operative time (48 ± 9 vs 49 ± 6 min, p=0.646) and the rates of intraoperative and postoperative complications did not significantly differ between groups. Conclusion: Harmonic® and LigaSure™ are both useful tools in bariatric surgery, and these two advanced power devices are user-friendly and can facilitate surgeon work; from this point of view, the choice of the energy device should be based on the preference of the surgeon and on the hospital costs policy and availability.

Ulcerative and mutilating variant of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Cutaneous involvement in severe carpal tunnel syndrome is secondary to damage to sensory and autonomic fibers of the median nerve. We report the case of a 63 year old man who presented skin and bone lesions, confined to the sensory zones of both median nerves. The lesions consisted of dystrophic modifications of the fingernails, progressive sclerosis, skin thickening and ulcerations on the fingers, acro-osteolysis, and purulent inflammation with subsequent auto-amputation of the distal phalanx of the right index finger. Clinical, neurophysiological and surgical findings are reported. The recovery of the ulcerative lesions suggests the reversibility of autonomic disturbances after surgery.

Post traumatic retropharyngeal pseudomeningocele.

The authors report a case of a 33-year-old man who presented, during recovery from coma due to severe head injury, dysphagia and respiratory failure. Magnetic resonance, retrograde radionuclide myelography and computerized tomographic myelography identified a pseudomeningocele in the retropharyngeal space due to a tear of the left C2 radicular sleeve. After failed medical management, the patient underwent lumbo peritoneal shunt. Magnetic resonance controls showed progressive collapse of the collection. After 3 months the patient was able to breathe spontaneously and to swallow. The authors describe pathogenesis, diagnostic strategy and principles of treatment of traumatic retropharyngeal pseudomeningoceles.