[The Self-Evaluation of Health and Psycho-Emotional Status of the Young Families and Population of Adolescent Youth Age].

The purpose of the study was to investigate characteristics of health and psycho-emotional status according to self-assessment in young families and contingents of adolescence, residing in the Irkutsk oblast, in the second decade of XXI century. METHODS: The study implemented technology of self-assessment of the level of individual health according five-point scale in groups of adolescents, students, and the families. The methodology also considered presence of chronic diseases, manifestations of painful symptoms, rate of cases of diseases during the year, number of visits to physician, causes of disease, treatment costs. The prompt diagnosis was implemented regarding psycho-emotional stress on the basis of method of O. S. Kopina et al. (2004). In families and among students, the degree of satisfaction with various aspects of life was rated. RESULTS: The number of persons among adult family member, who rated their health status as satisfactory, was higher than among adolescents and youths by 2.0 and 1.5 times (χ2 = 11.2, p = 0.02). The highest frequency of self-assessment of health as "bad" and "very poor" was among students. Teenage-girls and student-girls were statistically significantly more likely than young boys to note morphofunctional disorders on the part of various organs and systems. In adolescent groups, 2.3% of boys and 10.9% of girls; in the groups of students - 8.9% of boys and 12.8% of girls reported pathology of reproductive system. The main reasons of visiting patients for medical care are: respiratory and digestive diseases, allergic and neurological diseases. Students and family adult members also suffered of circulatory system diseases. The family adult members experienced high level of psychoemotional stress more frequently than adolescents by 3.4 times, students - 2.9 times (χ2 = 31.3; p < 0.001), which corresponded to lower indicators of satisfaction of the family adult members with living conditions. FINDINGS: The high frequency of morphofunctional disorders, neurotic and psychosomatic manifestations among examined individuals indicate significant prevalence of autonomic nervous system dysfunctions and latent pathological processes.

[The quality of life and reproductive attitudes of young families in the Irkutsk oblast].

Most of the surveyed young families, urban and rural, were generally classified as «nuclear type¼ families (78.8% and 77.2%, respectively). In general, families have few children: in cities 95.9% (69.1% of interviewed families had one child, 26.8% - had two children); in rural areas - 80.4% (families with one child - 38.2%, with two children - 42.2%). The study of the characteristics of the life of urban and rural families was carried out within the framework of two conceptual models of the quality of life - «objective¼ (housing conditions, income level) and «subjective¼ (level of psychoemotional stress, satisfaction of basic life needs and overall satisfaction with life, reproductive orientation). 30.7% of the respondents from urban families and 15.2% of respondents from rural families had unsatisfactory housing conditions. In cities, 25.9% of the interviewed families had an average per capita income below the subsistence minimum, 49.5% of the interviewed families had income from 1 to 2 the subsistence minimum. The share of rural families with an average per capita income below the subsistence minimum amounted to 41.9%, with an income of 1 to 2 the subsistence minimum - 37.8%. 16.2-22.3% of the interviewed urban families and 5.6-7.8% of the interviewed rural families are subject to psycho-emotional stress of high level. According to subjective integral assessments (satisfaction with life in general), the quality of life of the majority of young families in the Irkutsk region (in cities - 69.1% of the interviewed men and 64.2% of the interviewed women, in villages - 88.9% of the interviewed men and 72.0% of the interviewed women) is low. The material difficulties and unfavorable housing conditions, poor health and lack of good family relationships are most often mention by couples among the hindrances to the birth of the second and third child. The quality of life that meets modern social standards is the most significant factor that can positively affect the realization of the reproductive needs of young families.