Incidence of lung cancer in males and females in Algeria: The lung cancer registry in Algeria (LuCaReAl).

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is a major cause of death worldwide. However, few data on incidence, histologic types and mortality rates of lung cancer were available for Algeria. METHODS: LuCaReAl is an ongoing descriptive, non-interventional, national, multicenter, prospective and longitudinal study conducted in Algeria, among oncologists and pulmonologists in public community and university hospitals. Median and interquartile ranges are displayed. RESULTS: Between July 2016 and July 2017, 897 patients were included. Overall incidence of lung cancer was 3.4 [3.2;3.6] cases per 100,000 inhabitants; overall incidence by sex was 5.8 [5.4;6.2] for males and 1.0 [0.8;1.1] for females. Adenocarcinoma was the most common histologic type of cancer. Most tumors were diagnosed at Stage IV. CONCLUSION: The first results from the LuCaReAl study in Algeria showed that most patients are diagnosed with lung cancer at an advanced stage. The ongoing follow-up will next provide data on the survival and mortality rates.

[In silico study of a functional mutation associated with non-small cell lung cancer: G12D mutation of exon 2 in KRAS gene]. / Étude in silico d'une mutation : application à la mutation fonctionnelle G12D du gène KRAS, retrouvée dans les cancers bronchiques non à petites cellules.

Biology flourished during the XXth century and was profoundly disrupted during the last decade because of the transition to the post-genomic era, the spread of high-throughput biology, and the advent of a relatively new discipline, namely bioinformatics. This latter, which encompasses the collection, organization and analysis of biological data using the computer tool, has quickly become inseparable from the studies related to the genome understanding. The consequences of the different mutations that may affect our genes are responsible for a change in the protein sequence and are likely to affect, for example, the stability of the protein, its intracellular targeting, its maturation, its assembly in a multimeric structure, the essential sites for its enzymatic activity or for the interaction with ligands. Thus, a number of bioinformatic developments have made it possible to set up in silico prediction tools of the structure of a protein that is aiming at predicting the impact of local mutations on the structure of proteins. Throughout our study, we have been interested in exploring, through in silico bioinformatic study, three analytical, prediction and modeling, software, choosing as exemple the G12D mutation that affects the proto-oncogene KRAS found in numerous algerian patients with bronchopulmonary cancers cells (NSCLC). This study allowed us to integrate these bioinformatic tools into our laboratory of developmental biology and LBDD differentiation at the University of Oran 1 Ahmed Benbella, in Algeria. Thus, we have been able to conclude, even if the found mutation is predicted to be tolerated and has no deleterious effect on the entire Ras protein, that the consequence of this missense mutation depends mainly on the position in the protein and the chemical properties of the amino acid involved in the substitution and which shows a strong affinity with the GTP molecule.

No association between XRCC3 Thr241Met and XPD Lys751Gln polymorphisms and the risk of colorectal cancer in West Algerian population: a case-control study.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex and multifactorial disease, in which genetic and environmental factors both seem to play a part. Many epidemiological studies have explored the association between genetic polymorphisms of X-ray repair cross-complementing group 3 (XRCC3) (Thr241Met) and Xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) lysine to glutamine at codon 751 (Lys751Gln) and risk of CRC in various populations; however, the results are controversial. We conducted this case-control study in a West Algerian population to assess the potential role of this genetic polymorphism on the risk of CRC in this population. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from 129 sporadic CRC patients and 148 normal controls. The polymorphisms were determined by pyrosequencing technique. The distribution of XRCC3 Thr241Met and XPD Lys751Gln genotypes among controls did not differ significantly from those predicted by the Hardy-Weinberg distribution (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the genotypes distribution and allele frequencies between CRC patients and controls. A significant association was found between the combined heterozygous of XRCC3 and homozygous variant of XPD gene and CRC. This is the first study on DNA repair genetic polymorphisms in West Algerian population, and it suggests that the XRCC3 Thr241Met and XPD Lys751Gln polymorphisms may not be associated with the CRC risk in this population.