Research progress of related signaling pathways of treating Alzheimer disease by TCM / 国际中医中药杂志

In recent years, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) treatment for Alzheimer's disease has been widely concerned. At present,there are more studies on the following 6 pathways: brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) signaling pathway, phosphatidy linositol-3-kinases (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP response Element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway,nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway.

Feasibility study of electronic nose for rapid screening of bacterial infection types in rat wounds / 中华创伤杂志

Objective:To detect the common pathogenic bacteria in rat wounds using electronic nose so as to explore the feasibility of electronic nose for rapid screening of pathogenic bacteria in clinic.Methods:The wound was cutted from the left and right side of the psoas muscle of 45 SD rats. The type of standard bacterial fluids applied to the wound was divided into Staphylococcus aureus group, Escherichia coli group, Pseudomonas aeruginosa group, Acinetobacter baumannii group and Klebsiella pneumoniae group according to the random number table, with 9 mice per group. Three days later, the wound pus was sent to culture. Five standard bacterial fluids were detected by electronic nose, and the overall recognition rate and individual recognition rate of standard bacterial fluids were calculated by neural network (BP). The wound pus in each group was detected by electronic nose to visually compare the overlap degree of the radar map of the wound pus with the standard bacterial fluid characteristic radar map. The detection rate of wound pus in each group by electronic nose was compared. The wound pus in each group was submitted for examination, and the clinical detection rate of wound pus in each group was compared. The consistency was compared between electronic nose test and clinical test.Results:The overall BP identification rate of five standard bacteria liquid was 93.2%. The BP single identification rate of the Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae reached over 99.0%, and was more than 88.0% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. The radar pattern of wound pus was highly overlapped with the characteristics of radar pattern of standard bacterial fluid. The detection rate of wound pus by electronic nose was the highest (100.0%) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa group and Escherichia coli group, followed by 88.9% in Klebsiella pneumoniae group and 72.2% in Pseudomonas aeruginosa group and Acinetobacter baumannii group. Using electronic nose, the detection rate in Pseudomonas aeruginosa group and Acinetobacter baumannii group was significantly different from that in Staphylococcus aureus group and Escherichia coli group ( P<0.05). The clinical detection rate of wound pus was 100.0% in Staphylococcus aureus group, Escherichia coli group and Klebsiella pneumoniae group, 94.4% in Pseudomonas aeruginosa group and 66.7% in Acinetobacter baumannii group. The clinical detection rate in Acinetobacter baumannii group differed significantly compared to that in Staphylococcus aureus group, Escherichia coli group and Klebsiella pneumoniae group ( P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between Acinetobacter baumannii group and Pseudomonas aeruginosa group ( P>0.05). Comparison of detection rate of wound pus between electronic nose and clinic examination showed a Kappa coefficient of 0.475. Conclusions:The animal wound pus detected by electronic nose can obtain a feature map with high repeatability compared to the standard bacterial fluid. The electronic nose detection has a medium degree of consistency with clinical detection, providing an experimental basis for the feasibility of using electronic nose to rapidly screen types of pathogenic bacteria.

Constant power electrosurgical generator:Biological tissue cutting and sealing / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:With the development of medical instruments, more and more traditional surgical operations are replaced by minimal y invasive surgeries. In minimal y invasive surgery, cutting and sealing tissue is a conventional procedure;however, due to the limitation of space and vision, the ordinary methods are not suitable for minimal y invasive surgery. OBJECTIVE:To develop high frequency electrosurgical generator that has a constant power output and ability for tissue cutting and closing. METHODS:In order to improve the efficiency of tissue cutting and sealing in surgical, a kind of high-frequency energy generator was developed for tissue cutting and sealing. The instrument consisted of switching power supply with adjustable amplitude, high-frequency power amplifier, impedance monitor and microcontrol er. The energy converter composed of switching power supply and high-frequency power amplifier converted the 220 V, 50 Hz utility powers to a kind of high-frequency energy with 450 kHz and applied on tissues. Impedance monitor would real-timely detect the electrical parameter impacting on tissue that was provide the amount of feedback to microcontrol er in order to complete constant power control and bioimpedance determination by the control er. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The experimental results indicated that the instrument could rapidly and stably provide high-frequency energy, and could detect the biological impedance in real-time, achieve constant power output through feedback control, and could cut and close the biological tissue efficiently.