Review of Nature-based Solutions in Dryland Ecosystems: the Aral Sea Case Study.

NbS have gained substantial attention in the academic literature recently as a potential approach for simultaneously tackling environmental issues and addressing societal challenges. Drylands, which are among the world's most vulnerable areas to the impacts of climate change and cover a little less than the half of the global terrestrial surface, were the focus of this study. We conducted a systematic literature review to explore the potential opportunities for the application of NbS in rural drylands across the globe. We go on to specifically consider the possibility of applying selected NbS approaches in the Aral Sea region of Uzbekistan, as a case study of a dryland ecosystem illustrating major environmental and social challenges. We highlight which NbS show the most promise in the Aral Sea region and conclude with a discussion of existing gaps in the literature on NbS in drylands, and opportunities for further research.

Data on transnational ecological compensation under a 'no net loss' biodiversity policy.

We conducted surveys in Denmark, Spain, and Ghana to solicit individual preferences for national and international ecological compensation for forest cover lost in the participant's home country due to the construction of a road. In the same survey, we also solicited individual socio-demographic characteristics and preferences, such as their gender, their risk preferences, whether they think individuals in Denmark, Spain, or Ghana can be trusted, etc. The data is useful for understanding individual preferences for national and international ecological compensation under a net outcomes type biodiversity policy (e.g., "no net loss"). It can also be used to understand how individual preferences and socio-demographic characteristics can be used to understand an individual's choice for ecological compensation.