WITHDRAWN: The Clinical Significance and Expression Level of miR-411-5p in Colorectal Cancer.

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause.

Protein Phosphatase PPM1B Inhibits Gastric Cancer Progression and Serves as a Favorable Prognostic Biomarker.

BACKGROUND: Protein phosphatase PPM1B, also named as PP2Cß, is a member of serine/threonine phosphatase family. Dysregulated expression of PPM1B has been reported in several malignancies; nevertheless, its role in gastric cancer remains unknown. Here, we aimed to initially investigate the expression and function of PPM1B in gastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS: We firstly evaluated the protein expression of PPM1B in our enrolled retrospective cohort (n=161) via immunohistochemistry staining. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to assess its prognostic value. Cellular experiments and xenografts in mice model were also performed to validate the role of PPM1B in gastric adenocarcinoma progression. RESULTS: The advanced tumor stage was characterized with a lower PPM1B level. Lower PPM1B was associated with poor prognosis in both The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and our cohort (P<0.05). Furthermore, Cox regression analysis demonstrated that PPM1B was a novel independent prognostic factor for gastric adenocarcinoma patients (hazard ratio=0.35, P=0.001). Finally, cellular and xenografts data confirmed that overexpressing PPM1B can remarkably attenuated gastric adenocarcinoma growth. CONCLUSION: Low expression of PPM1B may be a potential molecular marker for poor prognosis in gastric adenocarcinoma.

Effect of KNL1 on the proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the expression of kinetochore scaffold 1 (KNL1) in colorectal tumor tissues and to clarify the role of this gene in the proliferation capability of colorectal cancer cells. METHODS: A total of 108 paired colorectal tumor and normal tissue samples were collected from patients with colorectal cancer and subjected to quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry analyses. Expression levels of KNL1 mRNA and protein were compared between tumor and normal tissues, and KNL1 levels were evaluated in relation to the patients' tumor differentiation, sex, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, infiltration depth, age, and tumor location. Survival curves were also constructed and compared between patients with tumor samples with and without KLN1 protein expression. KNL1 was under-expressed in colorectal cancer cells in vitro using lentiviral transfection with short hairpin RNA, and its function was evaluated by proliferation, colony-formation, and apoptosis assays. Expression levels of BUB1 protein were also compared between tumor and normal tissues, and the correlation between KNL1 expression and BUB1 expression in colorectal cancer tissues was examined. RESULTS: KNL1 mRNA and protein were both highly expressed in colorectal tumor tissues compared with paired normal tissues. KNL1 downregulation significantly inhibited colorectal cancer cell proliferation and colony formation, and promoted apoptosis. KNL1 protein expression was significantly associated with tumor differentiation, but not with sex, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, infiltration depth, age, or tumor location. KNL1 protein expression was also significantly associated with poorer survival. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between KNL1 and BUB1 in colorectal cancer tissues. CONCLUSIONS: KNL1 plays an effective role in decreasing apoptosis and promoting the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells, suggesting that its inhibition may represent a promising therapeutic approach in patients with colorectal cancer.