RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Underreporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) limits and delays the detection of signs. The aim of this systematic review with meta-analyses was to synthesize the evidence of educational interventions (EIs) efficacy in health professionals to increase ADR reporting, attitudes, and knowledge of pharmacovigilance. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic literature review was carried out to identify randomized clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of EI in pharmacovigilance in health professionals to improve ADR reports, knowledge, and attitude toward pharmacovigilance. ADR reports were pooled by calculating Odds Ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI), while pharmacovigilance knowledge and attitude were pooled by calculating a mean difference (MD) with 95%CI. In addition, the subanalysis was performed by EI type. Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.4 software. PROSPERO registry CRD42021254270. RESULTS: Eight hundred seventy-five articles were identified as potentially relevant, and 11 were included in the systematic review. Metanalysis showed that EI increased ADR reporting in comparison with control group (OR = 4.74, [95%CI, 2.46 to 9.12], I2 = 93%, 5 studies). In subgroup analysis, the workshops (OR = 6.26, [95%CI, 4.03 to 9.73], I2 = 57%, 3 studies) increased ADR reporting more than telephone-based interventions (OR = 2.59, [95%CI, 0.77 to 8.73], I2 = 29%, 2 studies) or combined interventions (OR = 5.14, [95%CI, 0.97 to 27.26], I2 = 93%, 3 studies). No difference was observed in pharmacovigilance knowledge. However, the subanalysis revealed that workshops increase pharmacovigilance knowledge (SMD = 1.85 [95%CI, 1.44 to 2.27], 1 study). Only one study evaluated ADR reporting attitude among participants and showed a positive effect after the intervention. CONCLUSION: EI improves ADR reports and increases pharmacovigilance knowledge. Workshops are the most effective EI to increase ADR reporting.
Assuntos
Sistemas de Notificação de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Pessoal de Saúde , Farmacovigilância , Humanos , Pessoal de Saúde/educação , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/prevenção & controleRESUMO
Aunque en un hospital psquiátrico es el personal de auxiliares de enfermería, el grupo que pasa mas tiempo en contacto directo con los pacientes y sus familiares, son aquellos quienes, lamentablemente, están menos formados, con niveles educativos mas bajos y con menos posibilidades de actualización. Estos trabajadores tienen conceptos básicos mínimos sobre Salud Mental y en muchos casos inician su trabajo con todos los prejuicios e ideas estigmatizantes que sobre los enfermos mentales se consiguen en la población general. Tomando en cuenta la realidad antes descrita, en el Hospital Psiquiátrico de Caracas se organizó un "Programa de Capacitación en el área de Psiquiatría" teniendo como objetivo mejorar el nivel de conocimientos básicos de los auxiliares de enfermería del hospital en el área de salud mental. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar el resultado de este primer curso realizado en el hospital durante los meses julio y agosto de 1999. Veinte trabajadores participaron en forma voluntaria en este estudio con un diseño tipo pretest, postest temprano y postest tardío y diecisiete finalizaron el programa. Los resultados mostraron que al menos estos trabajadores tenían al comienzo del estudio una preparación mínima para su trabajo, ellos no manejaban conceptos básicos y no podían manejar situaciones de crisis. Los conocimientos mejoran en el postest tardío. Esta experiencia nos permitió demostrar como un curso corto y poco costoso, resulta un recurso excelente para mejorar los conocimientos del, personal auxiliar y así mismo sus relaciones con los pacientes y sus familiares