The causal relationships of granulocytes and melanoma skin cancer: A univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study.

BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence has revealed that granulocyte has a critical role in tumorigenesis and progression. In this study, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was utilized for estimating the causal association between neutrophil percentage and melanoma skin cancer, eosinophil percentage and melanoma skin cancer, basophil percentage and melanoma skin cancer, respectively. METHODS: The Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) ids for melanoma skin cancer, neutrophil percentage, eosinophil percentage and basophil percentage were derived from Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) Open GWAS database. The univariable MR (UVMR) analysis was conducted to estimate the risk using MR-Egger, weighted median, inverse variance weighted (IVW). In addition, sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the reliability of UVMR results. Finally, the multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was performed to investigate causality between neutrophil percentage and eosinophil percentage in the presence of both and melanoma skin cancer. RESULTS: The UVMR indicated that neutrophil percentage and eosinophil percentage were significantly and causally related to melanoma skin cancer, with neutrophil percentage [p = 0.025, odds ratio (OR) = 1.002] as a risk factor and eosinophil percentage (p = 7.04E-06, OR = 0.997) as a protective factor. Moreover, MVMR analysis indicated eosinophil percentage remained the protective factor (p = 0.003, OR = 0.998), while the causality of neutrophil percentage and melanoma skin cancer became insignificant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The causal relationships of neutrophil percentage and melanoma skin cancer, eosinophil percentage and melanoma skin cancer were shown by this study, which provided a reference for subsequent research and treatment related to melanoma skin cancer.

Systemic Inflammation after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is one of the most severe neurological disorders, with a high mortality rate and severe disabling functional sequelae. Systemic inflammation following hemorrhagic stroke may play an important role in mediating intracranial and extracranial tissue damage. Previous studies showed that various systemic inflammatory biomarkers might be useful in predicting clinical outcomes. Anti-inflammatory treatment might be a promising therapeutic approach for improving the prognosis of patients with aSAH. This review summarizes the complicated interactions between the nervous system and the immune system.

Sequencing and de novo assembly of the Asian gypsy moth transcriptome using the Illumina platform.

The Asian gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) is a serious pest of forest and shade trees in many Asian and some European countries. However, there have been few studies of L. dispar genetic information and comprehensive genetic analyses of this species are needed in order to understand its genetic and metabolic sensitivities, such as the molting mechanism during larval development. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the transcriptome of the Asian subspecies of the gyspy moth, after which a comprehensive analysis of chitin metabolism was undertaken. We generated 37,750,380 high-quality reads and assembled them into contigs. A total of 37,098 unigenes were identified, of which 15,901 were annotated in the NCBI non-redundant protein database and 9,613 were annotated in the Swiss-Prot database. We mapped 4,329 unigenes onto 317 pathways using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Pathway database. Chitin metabolism unigenes were found in the transcriptome and the data indicated that a variety of enzymes was involved in chitin catabolic and biosynthetic pathways.

Bone formation in rabbit cancellous bone explant culture model is enhanced by mechanical load.

BACKGROUND: When studying and designing an artificial bone in vitro with similar features and functionality of natural bone by tissue engineering technology, the culturing environment, especially the mechanical environment is supposed to be an important factor, because a suitable mechanical environment in vitro may improve the adaptability of the planted-in tissue engineering bone in the body. Unfortunately, up to now, the relationship between mechanical stimuli and natural bone growth has not yet been precisely determined, and it is so imperative for a prior study on effect of mechanical loading on growth of the natural bone cultured in vitro. METHODS: Under sterile conditions, explant models of rabbit cancellous bone with 3 mm in thickness and 8 mm in diameter were prepared and cultured in a dynamic loading and circulating perfusion bioreactor system. By Micro-CT scanning, a 3D model for finite element (FEM) analysis was achieved. According to the results of FEM analysis and physiological load bearing capacity of the natural bone, these models were firstly subjected to mechanical load with 1Hz frequency causing average apparent strain of 1000 µÎµ, 2000 µÎµ, 3000 µÎµ and 4000 µÎµ respectively for 30 min every day, activities of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) were detected on the 5th and the 14th loading day and on the 14th and the 21st day, mechanical properties, tissue mineral density (TMD) of the bone explant models were investigated and Von-kossa staining and fluorescence double labeling assays were conducted to evaluate whether there were fresh osteoid in the bone explant models. In addition, Western blot, Elisa and Real-time PCR were employed to analyze expression of Collagen-I (COL-1), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) protein and RNA. RESULTS: The explant models of rabbit cancellous bone prepared under sterile conditions grew well in the bioreactor system. With the increasing culturing time and load levels, bone explant models in groups with 1000 µÎµ and 2000 µÎµ average apparent strain experienced improving mechanical properties and TMD (P<0.05), and results of Von-kossa staining and fluorescence double labeling also showed apparent fresh osteoid formation. Under the same loading conditions, a up-regulations in protein and RNA of COL-1, BMP-2 and OPG were detected, especially, relative genes notably expressed after 21 days. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that mechanical load could improve function and activity of osteoblasts in explant models of cancellous bone. Through regulations of COL-1, OPG and BMP-2 secreted by osteoblasts, the mechanical load could improve the tissue structural density and stiffness due to formation of fresh osteoid.

[Adverse reaction induced by licorice preparations: clinical analysis of 93 cases].

Licorice is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in clinic. The products,what contain licorice or licorice extract, has early been involved in the field of cosmetics except for the field of pharmaceuticals and food. Consequently, the reporting on adverse reactions induced by licorice preparations are more frequent. Based on the clinical data of licorice preparations adverse reactions, we described the characteristics of the licorice-related adverse reactions, and proposed specific measures to reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, provided a reference for the rational use of licorice preparations.

TINAVI robot-assisted one-stage anteroposterior surgery in lateral position for severe thoracolumbar fracture dislocation: A case report.

BACKGROUND: The combined anterior/posterior approach appears to be capable of reconstructing spinal stability, correcting thoracolumbar deformity, and promoting neural recovery in severe thoracolumbar fracture dislocation. However, this type of operation requires changing the body position during the procedure, resulting in a lengthy operation time. As a universal surgical robot, TINAVI robot has achieved good surgical results in clinical surgery. But to our knowledge, no reports describing TINAVI robot-assisted single lateral position anteroposterior surgery for thoracolumbar fracture dislocation. CASE SUMMARY: We describe a case of a 16-year-old female patient with severe thoracolumbar fracture and dislocation underwent surgery assisted by the TINAVI robot. A one-stage combined anterior and posterior operation was performed on a severe thoracolumbar fracture dislocation using the TINAVI robot, and the operation was completed in right lateral position. CONCLUSION: The TINAVI robot-assisted one-stage anterior and posterior surgery in right lateral position for severe thoracolumbar fracture and dislocation is both safe and effective.

Health care systems in Sweden and China: Legal and formal organisational aspects.

BACKGROUND: Sharing knowledge and experience internationally can provide valuable information, and comparative research can make an important contribution to knowledge about health care and cost-effective use of resources. Descriptions of the organisation of health care in different countries can be found, but no studies have specifically compared the legal and formal organisational systems in Sweden and China. AIM: To describe and compare health care in Sweden and China with regard to legislation, organisation, and finance. METHODS: Literature reviews were carried out in Sweden and China to identify literature published from 1985 to 2008 using the same keywords. References in recent studies were scrutinized, national legislation and regulations and government reports were searched, and textbooks were searched manually. RESULTS: The health care systems in Sweden and China show dissimilarities in legislation, organisation, and finance. In Sweden there is one national law concerning health care while in China the law includes the "Hygienic Common Law" and the "Fundamental Health Law" which is under development. There is a tendency towards market-orientated solutions in both countries. Sweden has a well-developed primary health care system while the primary health care system in China is still under development and relies predominantly on hospital-based care concentrated in cities. CONCLUSION: Despite dissimilarities in health care systems, Sweden and China have similar basic assumptions, i.e. to combine managerial-organisational efficiency with the humanitarian-egalitarian goals of health care, and both strive to provide better care for all.

Development of a prediction model of surgical site infection after posterior lumbar interbody fusion in patients based on random forest algorithm / 中国脊柱脊髓杂志

Objectives:To analyze the risk factors related to infection after posterior lumbar interbody fusion(PLIF)by random forest algorithm and develop a prediction model,providing a certain reference for clinical prevention of surgical site infection(SSI)after PLIF.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on the masked data of patients hospitalized for PLIF in the spinal surgery department of some third-level grade A hospitals in Beijing municipality and Hebei Province from June 2019 to June 2021 provided by Beijing Zhongwei Cloud Medical Data Analysis and Application Technology Research Institute through data processing and analysis.The classification data were analyzed and compared between SSI group and non-SSI group to obtain variables that significantly impacted the postoperative infection.SPSS Modeler 20 system was used as the tool for model development,and random forest algorithm was applied to analyze,obtaining the patient characteristics of postoperative infection,namely the infection model.Results:A total of 8,764 patients were included in study,and 373 patients were diagnosed with SSI,with an incidence rate of 4.4％(95％CI:2.2％to 6.5％).After statistical analysis,six variables,including obesity,ASA Ⅲ and above,prolonged operative time,chronic heart disease,diabetes and renal dysfunction,were independently associated with SSI.Classification with a random forest model yielded a high accuracy of 90.6％.The characteristics of patients prone to infection after PLIF(two models of infection)was:[(BMI=1)and(SD=1)and(ASA=1)and(RI=1)]or[(BMI=0)and(SD=1)and(DM=1)and(RI=1)].Conclusions:The random forest algorithm applied in this study could obtain an average accuracy of 90.6％,and two infection models were obtained as:(1)Patients with obesity,renal insufficiency,ASA grade Ⅲ or above,and operative time≥3h;(2)Patients who are not obese,but with diabetes,renal insufficiency,and the operative time ≥3h.

Nest sanitation facilitates egg recognition in the common tailorbird, a plaintive cuckoo host.

Nest sanitation is a ubiquitous behavior in birds and functions to remove foreign objects that accidentally have fallen into their nests. In avian brood parasitism, the host's ability to recognize and reject parasitic eggs is a specific anti-parasitic behavior. Previous studies have shown that egg recognition may have evolved from nest sanitation behavior; however, few studies have offered evidence in support of this hypothesis. In the current study, we added one real white egg and one model egg to the nests of common tailorbirds (Orthotomus sutorius), the main host of plaintive cuckoos (Cacomantis merulinus), to explore the relationship between egg recognition ability in hosts and nest sanitation behavior. Results showed that common tailorbirds rejected both non-mimetic blue model eggs and mimetic white model eggs at a similar rate of 100%, but only rejected 16.1% of mimetic real white eggs. The egg rejection behavior of common tailorbirds towards both real and model eggs was consistent. However, when both blue model eggs and real white eggs were simultaneously added to their nests, the probability of rejecting the mimetic real white egg increased to 50%. The addition of blue model eggs not only increased the occurrence of nest sanitation behavior but also increased the ability to recognize and reject parasitic eggs. This suggests that nest sanitation may facilitate egg rejection in common tailorbird hosts.

[Study on nature, function and indication of Melastomataceae plants in China].

There are 63 species Melastomataceae plants in 17 genus, which widely distribute along Yangtze River and the south of China ranging from Tibet autonomous region to Taiwan province. They used as herb medicine in China. A large part of the Melastomataceae plants have bitter, pungent and sweet taste. The meridian distribution of them is liver, spleen and stomach, they have many functions such as "cure rheumatism", "clear heat" and "detoxication", "regulate the flow of qi and alleviate pain", "diuresis and detumescence", "activate the blood and eliminate stasis". Melastomataceae plants not only have exact medical value, but also have abundant resource. So it has very bright perspective of exploitation and utilization.

Research on eye movement data classification using support vector machine with improved whale optimization algorithm / 生物医学工程学杂志

When performing eye movement pattern classification for different tasks, support vector machines are greatly affected by parameters. To address this problem, we propose an algorithm based on the improved whale algorithm to optimize support vector machines to enhance the performance of eye movement data classification. According to the characteristics of eye movement data, this study first extracts 57 features related to fixation and saccade, then uses the ReliefF algorithm for feature selection. To address the problems of low convergence accuracy and easy falling into local minima of the whale algorithm, we introduce inertia weights to balance local search and global search to accelerate the convergence speed of the algorithm and also use the differential variation strategy to increase individual diversity to jump out of local optimum. In this paper, experiments are conducted on eight test functions, and the results show that the improved whale algorithm has the best convergence accuracy and convergence speed. Finally, this paper applies the optimized support vector machine model of the improved whale algorithm to the task of classifying eye movement data in autism, and the experimental results on the public dataset show that the accuracy of the eye movement data classification of this paper is greatly improved compared with that of the traditional support vector machine method. Compared with the standard whale algorithm and other optimization algorithms, the optimized model proposed in this paper has higher recognition accuracy and provides a new idea and method for eye movement pattern recognition. In the future, eye movement data can be obtained by combining it with eye trackers to assist in medical diagnosis.

Effect of remimazolam conbined with remifentanil in laryngoscope vocal cord surgery / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of remimazolam combined with remifentanil in patients undergoing laryngoscope vocal cord surgery under general anesthesia.Methods A total of 180 patients undergoing laryngoscope vocal cord surgery under general anesthesia from January to August 2022,77 males and 103 females,aged 18-64 years,BMI 18-30 kg/m2,ASA physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ were select-ed.The patients were divided into four groups using a random number table method:propofol group(group C),remimazolam 1.0 mg·kg-1·h-1 group(group R1),remimazolam 1.5 mg·kg-1·h-1 group(group R2),and remimazolam 2.0 mg·kg-1·h-1 group(group R3),45 patients in each group.Group C main-tained by intravenous infusion of propofol 5 mg·kg-1·h-1,groups R1,R2,and R3 were maintained by intravenous infusion of remimazolam 1.0,1.5,and 2.0 mg·kg-1·h-1,respectively.All patients were combined with remifentanil 0.2 μg·kg-1·min-1.HR,MAP,and BIS were recorded before anesthesia in-duction(T1),immediately after laryngoscope insertion(T2),immediately at the end of anesthesia mainte-nance(T3),and at tracheal extubation(T4).The onset time of sedation,awakening time,sedation-agita-tion score at extubation and Ramsay score 5 minutes after extubation were recorded.The intraoperative use of ephedrine and nitroglycerin were recorded.The number of injection pain and remedy sedations were recor-ded,the occurrence of adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting,respiratory depression within 1 hour after extubation,and intraoperative awareness were recorded.Results Compared with group C,MAP at T3,BIS at T2 and T3 were significantly increased,MAP at T4 was significantly decreased,the onset time of sedation was significantly prolonged,the use of ephedrine and the incidence of injection pain were signifi-cantly decreased in group R1(P＜0.05),HR and MAP were significantly decreased at T2 and T4,MAP was significantly increased at T3,the onset time of sedation,awakening time,extubation time were signifi-cantly prolonged,the use of ephedrine and the incidence of injection pain were significantly reduced in group R2(P＜0.05),HR and MAP were significantly decreased at T2 and T4,the onset time of sedation,awakening time,extubation time were significantly prolonged,Ramsay score was significantly increased in group R3(P＜0.05).Compared with group R1,HR and MAP were significantly decreased at T2 and T4,BIS was significantly decreased at T2 and T3,the awakening time and extubation time were significantly pro-longed in group R2(P＜0.05),HR at T2 and T4,MAP at T2-T4,BIS at T2 and T3 were significantly de-creased,the awakening time and extubation time were significantly prolonged,Ramsay score was significant-ly increased in group R3(P＜0.05).Compared with group R2,MAP at T3 was significantly decreased and Ramsay score was significantly increased in group R3(P＜0.05).There were no significantly differences between the rates of nitroglycerin usage,rescue sedation,nausea and vomiting,and respiratory depression in the four groups.Conclusion Remimazolam can be safely used for anesthesia induction and maintenance in laryngoscope vocal cord surgery.The maintenance of remimazolam 1.5 mg·kg-1·h-1 combined with remifentanil can better maintain the hemodynamics stability during the surgery than remimazolam 1.0 and 2.0 mg·kg-1·h-1.

[C-MYC Gene and Protein Expression in Paraffin Wax of T Lymphoblastic Lymphoma and Leukemia Patients and Its Effect on the Prognosis].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relevance between the expression of C-MYC gene and protein of patients with T lymphoblastic lymphoma and leukemia(T-LBL/ALL) and its effect on the prognosis. METHODS: Paraffin specimens from 60 cases of T-LBL/ALL with detailed follow-up during May 2005 to May 2016 were selected as study group; at same time 20 cases of reactive hyperplasia (RH) of lymphonuedes were selected as control group. The immunohistochemical EnVision method was used to mark the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TDT), myeloperoxidase (MPO), Ki-67 and C-MYC immune tissue. RESULTS: C-MYC gene rupture and copy number increase did not occur in 20 cases of RH.The expression of C-MYC protein did not correlate with C-MYC gene copy number increase. The expression rate of C-MYC protein was 66.7% (40/60), and 20 cases of lymph node RH was all negative (0/20), as compared with the positive expression rate of protein C-MYC, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The Ki-67 positive index and mediastinal bloadening had influence on the expression of C-MYC protein (P<0.05), the sex, primary site, symptoms, age, AnnArbor stage and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level and bone marrow involvement have no influence on it, there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The 8q24 chromosome breakage occurred in 6 cases (10%), and the number of copies increased in 11 cases (18.3%). C-MYC gene copy number increase and C-MYC gene rupture in a total 20 cases of reactive hyperplasia of lymph nodes did not occur. CONCLUSION: C-MYC gene may play an important role on the development of T-LBL/ALL. It can be an independent prognosis factor.

Application progress of implementation research on diabetes management / 中华预防医学杂志

Diabetes is one of the most important non-communicable chronic diseases. Although a large amount of clinical evidence on the effectiveness of diabetes prevention and treatment interventions has been established, the current quality of care and results are still insufficient. Implementation Research can bridge the gap between research and practice. Implementation Research on diabetes management can clarify what is effective and what is ineffective in management, and promote the transformation of complex, multi-component interventions into medical practice faster and more effectively. This paper reviews the main research contents and application of implementation research of diabetes management at home and abroad, aiming to provide reference for related research and promote the application of implementation research in diabetes management in China.

Application progress of implementation research on diabetes management / 中华预防医学杂志

Diabetes is one of the most important non-communicable chronic diseases. Although a large amount of clinical evidence on the effectiveness of diabetes prevention and treatment interventions has been established, the current quality of care and results are still insufficient. Implementation Research can bridge the gap between research and practice. Implementation Research on diabetes management can clarify what is effective and what is ineffective in management, and promote the transformation of complex, multi-component interventions into medical practice faster and more effectively. This paper reviews the main research contents and application of implementation research of diabetes management at home and abroad, aiming to provide reference for related research and promote the application of implementation research in diabetes management in China.

The sleep condition and its association with cognitive function of the elderly in six provinces of China / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To analyze the association between sleep duration and cognitive function of the elderly in six provinces of China. Methods: Based on the cross-sectional survey data of the elderly from the Healthy Ageing Assessment Cohort Study in 2019, 4 644 participants' sociodemographic and economic indicators, lifestyle, prevalence of major chronic diseases, and sleep status, including night-time sleep duration, daytime sleep duration and insomnia, were collected by questionnaires. Cognitive function was evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between night-time sleep duration, daytime sleep duration and cognitive function. Results: The mean age of 4 644 respondents was (72.3±5.7) years, and 2 111 of them were males (45.5%). The mean total daily sleep time of the elderly was (7.9±1.9) hours, and the proportion of those who slept less than 7.0, 7.0-8.9 and≥9.0 hours was 24.1% (1 119), 42.1% (1 954) and 33.8% (1 571), respectively. The mean sleep time at night was (6.9±1.7) hours. About 23.7% (1 102) of the elderly did not sleep during the day, and the mean duration of the elderly who slept during the day was (78±51) minutes. Among the elderly with insomnia, 47.9% were still satisfied with their sleep quality. The mean value of MMSE score of 4 644 respondents was (24.5±5.3), and the cognitive impairment rate was 28.3% (1 316). The results of multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that the OR (95%CI) value of the risk of cognitive impairment in older people who did not sleep, slept for 31 to 60 minutes and slept more than one hour was 1.473 (1.139 to 1.904), 1.277 (1.001 to 1.629) and 1.496 (1.160 to 1.928), respectively, compared with those who slept for 1 to 30 minutes during the daytime. Compared with those who slept for 7.0‒8.9 hours at night, the OR (95%CI) value of the risk of cognitive impairment in older people who slept more than 9.0 hours was 1.239 (1.011 to 1.519). Conclusion: The cognitive function is related to sleep duration in the Chinese elderly.

Application of "three-dimensional knowledge-objective" teaching combined with immersive clinical experience in nursing practice teaching in the operating room of department of ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the application of "three-dimensional knowledge-objective" teaching combined with immersive clinical experience in nursing practice teaching in the operating room of department of ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology.Methods:A total of 86 nursing students who received practice teaching in the operating room of Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology in our hospital were selected as research subjects and were divided into control group and observation group using a simple random number table, with 43 students in each group. The students in the control group received traditional teaching, and those in the observation group received "three-dimensional knowledge-objective" teaching and immersive clinical experience. The two groups were assessed in terms of the effectiveness of classroom teaching, nursing quality score, and the score of the ability to handle nurse-patient dispute. SPSS 22.0 was used to perform the chi-square test and the t-test. Results:After training, both groups had significant increases in the scores of basic nursing, specialized nursing, equipment management, equipment coordination ability, patrol coordination ability, and document recording ability and the total score of all dimensions, and the observation group had significantly higher scores than the control group ( P<0.05). After training, both groups had significant increases in the scores of dispute identification ability, the ability of emergency response to dispute, nurse-patient communication skills, the awareness of nursing laws and regulations, and psychological stress adjustment ability and the total score of all dimensions, and the observation group had significantly higher scores than the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:In the nursing practice teaching in the operating room of the department of ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology, "three-dimensional knowledge-objective" teaching combined with immersive clinical experience can improve the effectiveness of classroom teaching, enhance nursing quality, and strengthen the ability to handle nurse-patient dispute.

Genetically predicted insomnia causally increases the risk of erectile dysfunction / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Sleep has attracted extensive attention due to its significance in health. However, its association with erectile dysfunction (ED) is insufficiently investigated. To investigate the potential causal links between sleep traits (insomnia, sleep duration, and chronotype) and ED, this study was performed. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with insomnia, sleep duration, and chronotype were retrieved from previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS). A conventional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to estimate the causal links between sleep traits and ED. The summary statistics of ED were from individuals of European ancestry (6175 cases vs 217 630 controls). As shown by the random effect inverse-variance-weighting (IVW) estimator, genetically predicted insomnia was causally associated with a 1.15-fold risk of ED (95% confidence interval: 1.07-1.23, P < 0.001). Sleep duration and morningness were not causally associated with ED, as indicated by the IVW (all P > 0.05). These findings were consistent with the results of sensitivity analyses. Based on genetic data, this study provides causal evidence that genetically predicted insomnia increases the risk of ED, whereas sleep duration and chronotype do not.

Effect of acupuncture on HIF-1α/NLRP3 inflammatory signaling pathway in the rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effects of Xingnao Kaiqiao (regaining consciousness and opening orifices) acupuncture therapy on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats, and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.@*METHODS@#Seventy-two male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham-operation group, a model group, an acupuncture group and a non-point acupuncture group, with 18 rats in each one. Using modified Longa thread embolization method, the rat model of acute focal cerebral ischemia was prepared; and after 2 h ischemia, the reperfusion was performed to prepared the model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Immediately after reperfusion, Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture method was applied to bilateral "Neiguan" (PC 6) and "Shuigou" (GV 26) in the acupuncture group, while in the non-point acupuncture group, acupuncture was delivered at non-points and all of the needles were retained for 30 min in these two groups. The samples were collected 24 h after reperfusion in the rats of each group. Zea-Longa neurological deficit score was used to evaluate the degree of cerebral neurological impairment, TTC staining was adopted to observe the volume percentage of cerebral infarction, HE staining was provided to observe the morphological changes of brain, and Western blot was applied for detecting the expression of HIF-1α and NLRP3 proteins in the cerebral cortex on the right side.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the sham-operation group, neurological deficit score and volume percentage of cerebral infarction were increased in the model group (P<0.01), and HIF-1α and NLRP3 protein expression was elevated (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, neurological deficit score and volume percentage of cerebral infarction were decreased (P<0.01), and HIF-1α and NLRP3 protein expression was lower (P<0.01) in the acupuncture group. There was no significant difference in above indexes in the non-point acupuncture group compared with the model group (P>0.05). Compared with the sham-operation group, the brain tissue of the rats in the model group and the non-point acupuncture group was loose and edema, and the nuclei were shriveled. The brain tissue morphology in the acupuncture group was similar to that of the sham-operation group.@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture can alleviate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of HIF-1α/NLRP3 signaling pathway to attenuate inflammatory response.

The Risk and Survival Analysis of Multiple Malignancies in Hematologic Malignancy Patients: A Single Chinese Center Retrospective Study, 2009 through 2017 / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the risk and location of multiple malignancies in patients with hematologic malignancies who were followed up for 9 years in Jiangsu Province Hospital and to evaluate the impact of the second primary malignancy on survival of patients.@*METHODS@#The incidence and survival of multiple malignancies in 7 921 patients with hematologic malignancies from 2009 to 2017 were analyzed retrospectively.@*RESULTS@#A total of 180 (2.3%, 180/7 921) patients developed second malignancy, of whom 58 patients were diagnosed with hematologic malignancies as the first primary malignancy, and 98 patients developed hematologic malignancies as second primary malignancy, and the other 24 cases were diagnosed with the second malignancy within 6 months after the first primary malignancy was diagnosed, which was difined as multiple malignancies occurring simultaneously. In 180 patients, 18 cases developed two hematologic malignancies successively, and 11 patients developed more than 3 primary cancers (among them, 2 female patients were diagnosed with 4 primary cancers). Patients with lymphoma and multiple myeloma (MM) as the second primary malignancy had poorer survival than patients with lymphoma and MM as the first primary malignancy. Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia as the second primary malignancy were also associated with inferior overall survival.@*CONCLUSION@#In this study, 2.3% of hematologic malignancy patients had multiple mali-gnancies, lymphoma and MM as the second primary malignancy had poor survival.