RESUMO
Background: Obesogenic environments promote sedentary behavior and high dietary energy intake. The objective of the study was to identify barriers and facilitators to the implementation and impact evaluation of projects oriented to promote physical activity and healthy diet at community level. We analyzed experiences of the projects implemented within the Healthy Municipalities and Communities Program (HMCP) in Argentina. Methods: A mixed methods approach included (1) in-depth semi-structured interviews, with 44 stakeholders; and (2) electronic survey completed by 206 individuals from 96 municipalities across the country. Results: The most important barriers included the lack of: adequate funding (43%); skilled personnel (42%); equipment and material resources (31%); technical support for data management and analysis (20%); training on project designs (12%); political support from local authorities (17%) and acceptance of the proposed intervention by the local community (9%). Facilitators included motivated local leaders, inter-sectorial participation and seizing local resources. Project evaluation was mostly based on process rather than outcome indicators. Conclusions: This study contributes to a better understanding of the difficulties in the implementation of community-based intervention projects. Findings may guide stakeholders on how to facilitate local initiatives. There is a need to improve project evaluation strategies by incorporating process, outcome and context specific indicators.
Assuntos
Participação da Comunidade , Exercício Físico , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Argentina , Atenção à Saúde , Dieta Saudável , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Motivação , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The aim of this study was to geospatially explore the occurrence rates of car accidents involving pedestrians in Cercado de Lima (Lima District), Peru. Car accidents involving pedestrians recorded in the 2015 National Police Station Census of the National Statistics and Information Institute were described and georeferenced. Subsequently, a Kernel Density analysis was carried out to locate areas with high, medium, and low density events. Records of 171 car accidents involving pedestrians were studied: the types of vehicles involved were automobiles (56.7%) and smaller vehicles (22.8%). The highest percentage of car accidents involving pedestrians (38.6%) took place between 12:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m. There were two densely populated areas and two areas with intermediate density for car accidents involving pedestrians, locations that were previously reported as critical due to their deficiencies and high probability of traffic accidents. The use of geographic information systems offers a quick overview of the occurrence rates of car accidents involving pedestrians to make comparisons and enable the local implementation of strategies.
Assuntos
Acidentes de Trânsito , Sistemas de Informação Geográfica , Academias e Institutos , Automóveis , PeruRESUMO
RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio fue explorar geoespacialmente los patrones de ocurrencia de atropellos en el Cercado de Lima, Perú. Se describieron y georreferenciaron los atropellos registrados en el Censo Nacional de Comisarías 2015 del Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis Kernel Density para localizar áreas con alta, mediana y baja densidad de eventos. Se estudiaron 171 registros de atropellos, los tipos de vehículo involucrados fueron automóvil (56,7%) y vehículos menores (22,8%). El mayor porcentaje de atropellos (38,6%) ocurrió entre las 12.00-17.00 horas. Se encontraron dos zonas de alta densidad y dos de densidad intermedia para atropellos, coincidiendo con ubicaciones reportadas previamente como críticas por sus deficiencias y mayor probabilidad de accidentes de tránsito. El empleo de sistemas de información geográfica ofrece una visión rápida y general de los patrones de ocurrencia de atropellos, permitiendo realizar comparaciones y facilitaría la implementación de respuestas a nivel local.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to geospatially explore the occurrence rates of car accidents involving pedestrians in Cercado de Lima (Lima District), Peru. Car accidents involving pedestrians recorded in the 2015 National Police Station Census of the National Statistics and Information Institute were described and georeferenced. Subsequently, a Kernel Density analysis was carried out to locate areas with high, medium, and low density events. Records of 171 car accidents involving pedestrians were studied: the types of vehicles involved were automobiles (56.7%) and smaller vehicles (22.8%). The highest percentage of car accidents involving pedestrians (38.6%) took place between 12:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m. There were two densely populated areas and two areas with intermediate density for car accidents involving pedestrians, locations that were previously reported as critical due to their deficiencies and high probability of traffic accidents. The use of geographic information systems offers a quick overview of the occurrence rates of car accidents involving pedestrians to make comparisons and enable the local implementation of strategies.
RESUMO
El objetivo del estudio fue explorar geoespacialmente los patrones de ocurrencia de atropellos en el Cercado de Lima, Perú. Se describieron y georreferenciaron los atropellos registrados en el Censo Nacional de Comisarías 2015 del Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis Kernel Density para localizar áreas con alta, mediana y baja densidad de eventos. Se estudiaron 171 registros de atropellos, los tipos de vehículo involucrados fueron automóvil (56,7%) y vehículos menores (22,8%). El mayor porcentaje de atropellos (38,6%) ocurrió entre las 12.00-17.00 horas. Se encontraron dos zonas de alta densidad y dos de densidad intermedia para atropellos, coincidiendo con ubicaciones reportadas previamente como críticas por sus deficiencias y mayor probabilidad de accidentes de tránsito. El empleo de sistemas de información geográfica ofrece una visión rápida y general de los patrones de ocurrencia de atropellos, permitiendo realizar comparaciones y facilitaría la implementación de respuestas a nivel local.
The aim of this study was to geospatially explore the occurrence rates of car accidents involving pedestrians in Cercado de Lima (Lima District), Peru. Car accidents involving pedestrians recorded in the 2015 National Police Station Census of the National Statistics and Information Institute were described and georeferenced. Subsequently, a Kernel Density analysis was carried out to locate areas with high, medium, and low density events. Records of 171 car accidents involving pedestrians were studied: the types of vehicles involved were automobiles (56.7%) and smaller vehicles (22.8%). The highest percentage of car accidents involving pedestrians (38.6%) took place between 12:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m. There were two densely populated areas and two areas with intermediate density for car accidents involving pedestrians, locations that were previously reported as critical due to their deficiencies and high probability of traffic accidents. The use of geographic information systems offers a quick overview of the occurrence rates of car accidents involving pedestrians to make comparisons and enable the local implementation of strategies.