Specific gut microbiome's role in skin pigmentation: insights from SCARB1 mutants in Oujiang color common carp.

AIMS: Beyond the pivotal roles of the gut microbiome in initiating physiological processes and modulating genetic factors, a query persists: Can a single gene mutation alter the abundance of the gut microbiome community? Not only this, but the intricate impact of gut microbiome composition on skin pigmentation has been largely unexplored. METHODS AND RESULTS: Based on these premises, our study examines the abundance of lipase-producing gut microbes about differential gene expression associated with bile acid synthesis and lipid metabolism-related blood metabolites in red (whole wild) and white (whole white wild and SCARB1 -/- mutant) Oujiang colour common carp.Following the disruption of the SCARB1 gene in the resulting mutant fish with white body colour (SCARB1-/-), there is a notable decrease in the abundance of gut microbiomes (Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, and Serratia) associated with lipase production. This reduction parallels the downregulation seen in wild-type white body colour fish (WW), as contrasting to the wild-type red body colour fish (WR). Meanwhile, in SCARB1-/- fish, there was a downregulation noted not only at the genetic and metabolic levels but also a decrease in lipase-producing bacteria. This consistency with WW contrasts significantly with WR. Similarly, genes involved in the bile acid synthesis pathway, along with blood metabolites related to lipid metabolism, exhibited downregulation in SCARB1-/- fish. CONCLUSIONS: The SCARB1 knockout gene blockage led to significant alterations in the gut microbiome, potentially influencing the observed reduction in carotenoid-associated skin pigmentation. Our study emphasizes that skin pigmentation is not only impacted by genetic factors but also by the gut microbiome. Meanwhile, the gut microbiome's adaptability can be rapidly shaped and may be driven by specific single-gene variations.

Comparison of clinicopathologic features of breast carcinoma in Shanghai Han and Xinjiang Uygur women / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose: Breast cancer is a group of heterogeneous diseases which has racial disparities. Our study was to elucidate the clinicopathologic features of breast carcinoma in Shanghai Han and Xinjiang Uygur women and to analyze the racial differences. Methods: In this study, 125 cases of breast invasive ductal carcinoma of Shanghai Han women and 85 cases of Xinjiang Uygur women were collected. The clinical stage was analyzed. Histological grading was observed. Immunohistochemical staining of ER, PR, HER-2, CK5/6, CK14, EGFR, Ki-67 was performed. Molecular subtypes were studied. Results:The average age of onset of breast cancer in Xinjiang Uygur women was younger than in Shanghai Han women (P<0.05), and Xinjiang Uygur women were more likely to be diagnosed at less than 35 years old (P<0.01). The proportion of stageⅠwas higher in Shanghai Han women (20.0%vs 8.2%), while the proportion of stageⅢwas higher in Xinjiang Uygur women (50.6%vs 27.2%) (P<0.01). The proportion of grade 2 was higher in Shanghai Han women (67.2% vs 43.5%), while the proportion of grade 3 was higher in Xinjiang Uygur women (47.1%vs 31.2%) (P<0.01). The proportion of luminal A subtype was higher in Shanghai Han women (36.8%vs 18.3%), while the proportion of basal-like subtype was higher in Xinjiang Uygur women (29.6%vs 12.0%) (P<0.01). The molecular subtype was associated with race and histological grade (P<0.05).Conclusion:There are racial differences in clinicopathologic features of breast carcinoma between Shanghai Han and Xinjiang Uygur women.

A monitoring system of pulse wave transit time based on wireless sensor networks / 中国组织工程研究

With the occurrence of wireless sensor networks,low-load monitoring has a revolutionary change.Using wireless sensor networks,the whole monitoring system is composed of wireless electrocardiogram(ECG)sensors and wireless pulse wave sensors.Pulse wave signals from the temporal artery and ECG signals from the body synchronously were measured.Pulse Wave Transit Time was calculated.Both the wireless ECG sensor and the wireless pulse wave sensor were small sized and powered by button battery;the precision of time synchronization among sensors was less than 1 ms.The calculated Pulse Wave Transit Time changed slowly with deep breathing.The system iS able to work smoothly for continuous monitoting of Pulse Wave Transit Time in working conditions.

Effects of Lidocaine on Respiratory Failure and the Airway Peak Pressure in Patients with Severe Asthma: A Clinical Research / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of lidocaine on respiratory failure and the airway peak pressure in patients with severe asthma. METHODS: The severe bronchial asthma patients treated with mechanical ventilation were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The change in airway peak pressure, man-machine counteraction, and the correcting time of respiratory failure of the two groups were recorded. RESULTS: The average airway peak pressure was(41.18?10.66) cmH2O in the control group vs.(29.23?9.07) cmH2O in the treatment group; the incidence of man-machine counteraction was 100% for the control group vs. only 40% for the treatment group; the correcting time of respiratory failure was(6.42?1.73) h for the control group vs.(3.31?1.08) h for the treatment group. There were significant differences between the two groups in the above mentioned indexes(P