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1.
Arch Med Res ; 50(8): 577-586, 2019 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32066037

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Depression is highly prevalent worldwide, and may have fatal consequences. Violence is associated to psychopathology and has exponentially increased in some areas of Mexico. Healthcare professionals are vulnerable to increased anxiety, depression, suicide and lately, to violence by organized crime. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of anxiety/depression/suicidal ideation and the weight of social violence as a risk factor. METHODS: Cross sectional study in three generations of undergraduate medical students at entry to internship year in our institution. All students voluntarily agreed to participate. All of them answered Beck and HAM-A. Two generations also responded Plutchik suicidal risk inventory. Sex, type of university and degree of violence in their geographic areas were also recorded. Prevalence rates were calculated for each outcome. χ2 tests and odds ratio (OR) for bivariate analysis, and Mantel-Hanezel to adjust according to level of violence. RESULTS: All of the eligible students responded the anxiety and inventories (n = 8,858), and 6,451 also responded the suicide risk test. Overall, 37.2% displayed severe anxiety, 14.9% moderate/severe depression and 8.5% suicidal ideation. Female sex and private university increased the risk for anxiety and depression. High violence, severe anxiety or depression increased the risk for suicidal ideation. Adjusted by violence zone, female sex, being single and the coexistence of depression were associated with a higher risk for suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation are highly prevalent among premedical interns in Mexico. Living in highly violent areas significantly increases the risk for anxiety/depression/suicidal ideation.


Assuntos
Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Estudantes de Medicina/psicologia , Ideação Suicida , Violência/psicologia , Adulto , Ansiedade/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Depressão/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Suicídio/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto Jovem
2.
Rev. enferm. Inst. Mex. Seguro Soc ; 32(1): e1450, dic. 26, 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1531636

RESUMO

Las humanidades en salud y en particular sus enfoques críticos, son indispensables para fortalecer la investigación orientada a producir conocimiento respecto al estudio de los fenómenos relacionados con la salud, la enfermedad y la muerte desde sus dimensiones social, antropológica, histórica, ética y política. En este sentido, surge la necesidad de promover métodos de investigación a partir del planteamiento de preguntas sobre las experiencias de las personas que viven procesos de salud, enfermedad y muerte. Estas preguntas deben realizarse desde epistemologías interdisciplinarias que ayuden en la comprensión de dichas experiencias y a traducir el conocimiento derivado de la investigación en acciones centradas en las personas, con pertinencia social, cultural y ética. La intención es impulsar el diseño, implementación, evaluación y publicación de la Investigación de Humanidades en Salud, mediante el fortalecimiento de redes de investigación en salud interdisciplinar e interprofesional, con el propósito de fundamentar acciones efectivas en el marco del derecho de la población en la atención con equidad e inclusión. (AU)


The humanities in health, and particularly their critical approaches, are indispensable for strengthening research aimed at producing knowledge regarding the study of phenomena related to health, illness, and death from their social, anthropological, historical, ethical, and political dimensions. In this sense, we need to promote research methods and pose questions about the experiences of individuals undergoing processes of health, illness, and death. These questions should be approached from interdisciplinary epistemologies that aid in the understanding of such experiences and in translating the knowledge derived from research into people-centered actions, with social, cultural, and ethical relevance. The intention is to drive the design, implementation, evaluation, and publication of Health Humanities Research by strengthening interdisciplinary and interprofessional health research networks, with the purpose of substantiating effective actions within the framework of the population's right to equitable and inclusive care. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Bioética , Conhecimento , Pesquisa sobre Serviços de Saúde
3.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 55(3): 400-408, 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28440999

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The educational model adopted by the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) Faculty of Medicine is constructivist; it is a model based on competence development. It aims to provide learning environments that incorporate real activities (it helps the students to develop social negotiation skills, as part of their integral learning; it encourages them to take a critical and reflexive approach; and it is also a student-centered model). However, many challenges arise when this model is implemented in the context of hospital environments. Therefore, our aim was to analyse the hospital as an hermeneutical community and as a power relations scenario, contrary to the constructivist model. METHODS: In the analysis of a conflict between a chief of a medical department and an undergraduated medical intern, we use Miranda Fricker's categories discriminatory epistemic injustice, and testimonial injustice, as well as Foucault's power relationships and knowledge. RESULTS: The program implementation is placed in the context of power relations and different disciplinary methods that could affect the training process of the students, whose educational background belongs to the constructivist model. This in part is due to the existence of informal normative structures that are hidden in the process of medical knowledge construction at the hospital scenario. CONCLUSION: Practices of epistemic discriminatory injustice in the hospital environment increase vulnerability conditions for medical students in their education process.


Introducción: el modelo educativo de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM es un modelo constructivista, centrado en el desarrollo de competencias por medio de ambientes de aprendizaje que incorporan actividades reales (se prepara un ambiente de negociación social como parte integral del aprendizaje, se nutre la reflexión y se pone énfasis en la educación centrada en el estudiante). Sin embargo, este modelo ha enfrentado muchos retos en los escenarios educativos hospitalarios. Por lo tanto, el objetivo fue analizar el hospital como comunidad hermenéutica y un escenario de relaciones de poder, en escenarios hospitalarios adversos a la formación constructivista. Métodos: se trata de un análisis teórico con el que, con base en las categorías injusticia epistémica discriminatoria, injusticia testimonial, así como relaciones de poder y conocimiento se analiza un conflicto entre un jefe de servicio y una médica interna de pregrado. Resultados: la implementación de los programas en el entorno hospitalario se llega a desarrollar en un marco de relaciones de poder y métodos disciplinarios que pueden dificultar el proceso formativo del alumno proveniente del modelo constructivista; esto en parte se debe a la existencia de estructuras normativas informales que subyacen en el proceso de construcción del conocimiento médico dentro del hospital. Conclusión: las prácticas de injusticia epistémica discriminatoria en el contexto hospitalario aumentan las condiciones de vulnerabilidad del médico en formación.


Assuntos
Educação Médica/ética , Hospitais/ética , Conhecimento , Modelos Educacionais , Discriminação Social/ética , Competência Clínica , Educação Médica/métodos , Educação Médica/organização & administração , Hermenêutica , Humanos , Relações Interpessoais , México , Poder Psicológico , Estudantes de Medicina/psicologia
4.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 55(4): 412-415, 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28591492

RESUMO

In this editorial we initially expose the agreements that have set the mechanisms to guarantee safety and fair treatment to human subjects in research. Later on, we offer alternatives from translational and multidisciplinary research to promote education and humanities research in health.


En el presente editorial se exponen, en un primer momento, los acuerdos que han establecido los mecanismos para garantizar la seguridad y el trato digno a las personas sujetas a investigación. Más tarde, se ofrecen alternativas, desde la investigación traslacional y la multidisciplina, para promover en el ámbito de la salud la investigación en educación y las humanidades.


Assuntos
Educação em Saúde , Experimentação Humana/ética , Ciências Humanas/ética , Pesquisa Translacional Biomédica , Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa , Educação em Saúde/ética , Educação em Saúde/métodos , Política de Saúde , Humanos , México , Pesquisa Translacional Biomédica/ética , Pesquisa Translacional Biomédica/métodos
5.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 43(1): 1-3, 2005.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15998474

RESUMO

Al iniciar los años de práctica clínica en las instituciones hospitalarias, el interno de pregrado y el médico residente siguen siendo sujetos morales en formación. Los sistemas formales de conocimiento con los que cuentan para la interpretación de esta nueva realidad a la que se enfrentan, son los adquiridos desde la infancia, en su casa, durante la escuela elemental y durante los primeros años de la universidad...


Assuntos
Educação Médica/ética , Ética , Internato e Residência , Poder Psicológico , Hospitais , Humanos
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