RESUMO
This study used a randomized online experiment to understand the interrelationships between e-cigarette benefit and harm perceptions, e-cigarette use ambivalence, and e-cigarette message exposure and perceived effectiveness. A high prevalence of ambivalent attitudes toward e-cigarettes at baseline was reported. Ambivalent individuals reported significantly higher benefits and lower harm perceptions compared to univalent individuals. Contrary to past findings, ambivalence was not responsive to persuasive messages in this study. This study situates e-cigarette use perceptions in a realistic setting. High baseline ambivalence in this study calls for more unequivocal messages from the FDA about the risks of e-cigarette use.
Assuntos
Atitude , Comunicação em Saúde , Comunicação Persuasiva , Vaping/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Feminino , Redução do Dano , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Two experiments were conducted among adolescents in 2011 in urban parts of Belgium, Europe. The effectiveness of two-sided binge drinking and marijuana prevention messages was investigated in relation to argument type, refutation, and issue ambivalence. Study 1 (n = 373) serves as a baseline study for study 2 (n = 156). Data were collected through a printed questionnaire in classrooms in Flemish secondary schools. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data. Implications for health practitioners, as well as limitations and suggestions for further research are given.
Assuntos
Consumo Excessivo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/prevenção & controle , Comunicação em Saúde/métodos , Abuso de Maconha/prevenção & controle , Prevenção Primária/métodos , Adolescente , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Bélgica , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Two experimental studies test the effectiveness of health versus appearance-related arguments in two-sided messages. The first study shows that two-sided messages to discourage suntanning are more effective when using appearance-focused instead of health-focused arguments. Study 2 elaborates on the underlying mechanism and extends the generalization of the results of the first study, by investigating two-sided messages to promote physical exercise. The results show that for health-motivated consumers, a health-focused message is more effective, whereas for appearance-motivated consumers, an appearance-focused message is more effective. This matching effect is mediated by argument relevance.