Predictors of excess body weight concurrently affecting mother-child pairs: a 6 year follow-up.

BACKGROUND: We examined the predictors of excess body weight (EBW) concurrently affecting mother-child pairs after delivery during 6 years of follow-up. METHODS: Prospective cohort study conducted on 435 mother-child pairs. Data were collected at four time points: at birth in the maternity hospital; 1-2 years old, 4-5 years old and 6 years old at the participant's home. Poisson regression analysis was used to examine the predictors of maternal-child EBW: mothers with excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) and large-for-gestational age (LGA) baby (>90th percentile) at baseline and mothers with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 and a child > 85th percentile. RESULTS: The adjusted analysis showed that the risk of mother-child pairs concurrently having EBW increased with increasing pre-pregnancy BMI (RR = 2.4 and RR = 3.3 for pre-pregnancy BMI 25-30 and ≥30 kg/m2, respectively, P < 0.01). Excessive GWG and LGA infants were also significant predictors of EBW concurrently affecting mother-child pairs (RR = 2.2 and RR = 2.3, respectively, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Excessive pre-pregnancy BMI, excessive GWG and LGA status were strong predictors of EBW concurrently affecting mother-child pairs over 6 years of follow-up. Public policies must be established primarily before/during pregnancy to avoid an EBW cycle in the same family over the years.

Effect of age at menarche on the mother's weight status two and four years after delivery: a cohort study.

We aimed to estimate the effect of age at menarche on the risk of excess body weight in Brazilian women two and four years after delivery. This was a cohort study that used data from adult women of the Predictors of Maternal and Child Excess Body Weight (PREDI) Study obtained at baseline (2012) and at 1st(2014) and 2nd(2016) follow-up. A total of 435 women attending a public maternity hospital in Joinville-Brazil were initially included in the study (baseline) and 215 of them continued to participate in the 2nd follow-up carried out in the homes of the participants. Regression analysis was used to estimate the association between age at menarche (<12; ≥12 years) and excess body weight (≥25 kg/m2) trajectory during the follow-ups. Unadjusted analysis showed that mothers with age at menarche <12 years were 1.29 times (p = .018) more likely to be overweight/obese than those with age at menarche ≥12 years. After adjustment, age at menarche continued to exert an independent effect on the mother's body mass index (RR = 1.23; p = .037) four years after delivery. Strategies designed to attenuate the rising prevalence of maternal overweight and obesity, especially after pregnancy, could help improve the mother's health status in the future.

Correction to: Experienced HIV-Related Stigma and Psychological Distress in Peruvian Sexual and Gender Minorities: A Longitudinal Study to Explore Mediating Roles of Internalized HIV-Related Stigma and Coping Styles.

Correction to: AIDS and Behavior (2018) 1-14 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-018-2348-2 . In the original publication of the article, the given name of the second author was not correct. The name has been corrected with this erratum.

Experienced HIV-Related Stigma and Psychological Distress in Peruvian Sexual and Gender Minorities: A Longitudinal Study to Explore Mediating Roles of Internalized HIV-Related Stigma and Coping Styles.

Experiencing HIV-related stigma has important impacts on the mental health of people living with HIV, which has implications for treatment adherence, disease progression, and health outcomes. The impacts of stigma are particularly important to consider among sexual and gender minorities, who often face a disproportionate burden of HIV. To address the implications of stigma in these key populations, we leveraged a longitudinal study conducted among Peruvian sexual and gender minorities to compare the relative effects of multiple mediators affecting the relationship between experienced HIV-related stigma and psychological distress: internalized HIV-related stigma, adaptive coping, and maladaptive coping. HIV-related stigma, coping, and distress were measured, respectively, at 24 weeks, 36 weeks, and 48 weeks post-diagnosis for 145 participants from the Sabes Study. HIV-related maladaptive coping largely mediated the relationship between experienced HIV-related stigma and distress. Our findings suggest interventions targeting maladaptive coping may alleviate the mental health consequences of experiencing HIV-related stigma.

Urinary incontinence in health workers as a predisposing factor for presenteeism in Chile: A mixed-methods exploratory study. / Incontinencia urinaria en trabajadoras de la salud como factor predisponente de presentismo en Chile: estudio exploratorio de método mixto.

Introduction: Urinary incontinence negatively impacts the quality of life and can harm work activities, causing presenteeism in health professionals and decreasing the quality of care and patient safety. The objective of this study is to explore the self-perception of health workers who suffer from urinary incontinence as a predisposing factor for presenteeism. Methods: Mixed study of an exploratory-descriptive nature. The sample was selected in a non-probabilistic and intentional way by criterion and convenience with a size of 14 volunteers, considering the saturation of the information. Reliability criteria defined by Guba for the process and analysis of thematic data were considered. Results: The sample had a mean age of 38.9 + 7.1 years and a mean SPS-6 score of 15.8 + 3.5 points, showing alteration in the dimension of avoiding deconcentration. The narratives in the case study provide relevant information on how urinary incontinence affects the work performance of health workers through the interruption in their day, decreases the quality of clinical care, and increases their anxiety regarding their environment. Conclusions: Urinary incontinence and presenteeism are subjective, and multidimensional experiences affect work performance. Therefore, further studies are recommended to identify predictor variables and the economic losses associated with this condition to establish improvements in the work environment and the self-care of female employees seeking greater benefits and better levels of efficiency in the organization.

Introducción: La incontinencia urinaria impacta de forma negativa la calidad de vida de quienes la padecen y puede perjudicar las actividades laborales, siendo causante de presentismo en las profesionales de salud. Esto puede implicar la disminución en la calidad de la atención y seguridad de la/el paciente. El objetivo del presente estudio es explorar la autopercepción de las trabajadoras de salud que padecen incontinencia urinaria como factor predisponente de presentismo. Métodos: Estudio mixto de carácter exploratorio-descriptivo. La muestra fue seleccionada de forma no probabilística e intencionada por criterio y conveniencia con un tamaño de 14 voluntarias, considerando la saturación de la información. Para el proceso y análisis de datos temáticos se consideraron los criterios de confiabilidad definidos por Guba. Resultados: Muestra con edad media de 38,9 + 7,1 años y un puntaje de SPS-6 medio de 15,8 + 3,5 puntos, mostrando mayor alteración en la dimensión de evitar la desconcentración. Las narrativas presentes en el caso estudiado aportaron información relevante de cómo la incontinencia urinaria afecta el desempeño laboral de las trabajadoras de salud a través de la interrupción en su jornada, disminución en la calidad de la atención clínica, como también el aumento de su ansiedad respecto a su entorno. Conclusiones: Dado que la incontinencia urinaria y el presentismo son experiencias subjetivas y multidimensionales, al igual que el efecto negativo en el desempeño laboral, se recomienda un estudio que permita identificar variables predictoras y las pérdidas económicas asociadas a esta condición. Con ello se buscaría establecer mejoras en el ambiente laboral, así como en el autocuidado de funcionarias, procurando mayores beneficios y mejores niveles de eficiencia en la organización.

[Tranverse colon volvulus]. / Vólvulo del colon transverso.

The volvulus of the colon is a relatively common cause of colonic obstruction, mainly in the sigmoid colon, less frequent in the caecum, and rarely in the transverse colon. Multidetector tomography (MDCT) is able to establish the diagnosis showing dilated loops of proximal right and transverse colon, which depend on the time scale of evolution, with an abrupt transition site at the splenic flexure and a secondary torsion of the transverse colon mesentery. Volvulus of the transverse requires surgical detorsion in adults. Among the therapeutic options, simple detorsion or detorsion associated with a colopexy are included, but both have high rates of recurrence compared to resection techniques. Surgical resection of the involved segment is required prior to gangrene and perforation. Resection with or without primary anastomosis is the treatment of choice and prevents recurrence. The transverse colon volvulus is a disease of very low frequency and clinical diagnosis may be difficult. The management remains controversial. We stress that although many surgeons will never see a case of transverse colon volvulus, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis of intermittent abdominal pain or acute intestinal obstruction.

HIV Disease Dynamics and Markers of Inflammation and CNS Injury During Primary HIV Infection and Their Relationship to Cognitive Performance.

INTRODUCTION: Early systemic and central nervous system viral replication and inflammation may affect brain integrity in people with HIV, leading to chronic cognitive symptoms not fully reversed by antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study examined associations between cognitive performance and markers of CNS injury associated with acute HIV infection and ART. METHODS: HIV-infected MSM and transgender women (average age: 27 years and education: 13 years) enrolled within 100 days from the estimated date of detectable infection (EDDI). A cognitive performance (NP) protocol was administered at enrollment (before ART initiation) and every 24 weeks until week 192. An overall index of cognitive performance (NPZ) was created using local normative data. Blood (n = 87) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF; n = 29) biomarkers of inflammation and neuronal injury were examined before ART initiation. Regression analyses assessed relationships between time since EDDI, pre-ART biomarkers, and NPZ. RESULTS: Adjusting for multiple comparisons, shorter time since EDDI was associated with higher pre-ART VL and multiple biomarkers in plasma and CSF. NPZ scores were within the normative range at baseline (NPZ = 0.52) and at each follow-up visit, with a modest increase through week 192. Plasma or CSF biomarkers were not correlated with NP scores at baseline or after ART. CONCLUSIONS: Biomarkers of CNS inflammation, immune activation, and neuronal injury peak early and then decline during acute HIV infection, confirming and extending results of other studies. Neither plasma nor CSF biomarkers during acute infection corresponded to NP scores before or after sustained ART in this cohort with few psychosocial risk factors for cognitive impairment.

Incontinencia urinaria en trabajadoras de la salud como factor predisponente de presentismo en Chile: estudio exploratorio de método mixto / Urinary incontinence in health workers as a predisposing factor for presenteeism in Chile: a mixed-methods exploratory study

INTRODUCCIÓN: La incontinencia urinaria impacta de forma negativa la calidad de vida de quienes la padecen y puede perjudicar las actividades laborales, siendo causante de presentismo en las profesionales de salud. Esto puede implicar la disminución en la calidad de la atención y seguridad de la/el paciente. El objetivo del presente estudio es explorar la autopercepción de las trabajadoras de salud que padecen incontinencia urinaria como factor predisponente de presentismo. MÉTODOS: Estudio mixto de carácter exploratorio-descriptivo. La muestra fue seleccionada de forma no probabilística e intencionada por criterio y conveniencia con un tamaño de 14 voluntarias, considerando la saturación de la información. Para el proceso y análisis de datos temáticos se consideraron los criterios de confiabilidad definidos por Guba. RESULTADOS: Muestra con edad media de 38,9 + 7,1 años y un puntaje de SPS-6 medio de 15,8 + 3,5 puntos, mostrando mayor alteración en la dimensión de evitar la desconcentración. Las narrativas presentes en el caso estudiado aportaron información relevante de cómo la incontinencia urinaria afecta el desempeño laboral de las trabajadoras de salud a través de la interrupción en su jornada, disminución en la calidad de la atención clínica, como también el aumento de su ansiedad respecto a su entorno. CONCLUSIONES: Dado que la incontinencia urinaria y el presentismo son experiencias subjetivas y multidimensionales, al igual que el efecto negativo en el desempeño laboral, se recomienda un estudio que permita identificar variables predictoras y las pérdidas económicas asociadas a esta condición. Con ello se buscaría establecer mejoras en el ambiente laboral, así como en el autocuidado de funcionarias, procurando mayores beneficios y mejores niveles de eficiencia en la organización.

INTRODUCTION: Urinary incontinence negatively impacts the quality of life and can harm work activities, causing presenteeism in health professionals and decreasing the quality of care and patient safety. The objective of this study is to explore the self-perception of health workers who suffer from urinary incontinence as a predisposing factor for presenteeism. METHODS: Mixed study of an exploratory-descriptive nature. The sample was selected in a non-probabilistic and intentional way by criterion and convenience with a size of 14 volunteers, considering the saturation of the information. Reliability criteria defined by Guba for the process and analysis of thematic data were considered. RESULTS: The sample had a mean age of 38.9 + 7.1 years and a mean SPS-6 score of 15.8 + 3.5 points, showing alteration in the dimension of avoiding deconcentration. The narratives in the case study provide relevant information on how urinary incontinence affects the work performance of health workers through the interruption in their day, decreases the quality of clinical care, and increases their anxiety regarding their environment. CONCLUSIONS: Urinary incontinence and presenteeism are subjective, and multidimensional experiences affect work performance. Therefore, further studies are recommended to identify predictor variables and the economic losses associated with this condition to establish improvements in the work environment and the self-care of female employees seeking greater benefits and better levels of efficiency in the organization.

[Risk factors for the development and recurrence of pressure ulcers in patients with spinal cord injury: A systematic review.] / Factores de riesgo para la aparición y/o recurrencia de úlceras por presión en sujetos con lesión medular: revisión sistemática.

Introduction: A spinal cord injury refers to the damage suffered in the spinal cord as a result of trauma, disease or degeneration. Every person with spinal cord injury is at risk of developing pressure ulcers, and almost everyone will develop at least one ulcer due to severe pressure during his or her life. Objective: To identify the studies that detected risk factors for the development and recurrence of pressure ulcers in patients with spinal cord injury; and, if possible, synthesize the evidence to determine whether an association exists between them. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Medline, LILACS, SciELO and Cochrane until December 4, 2018. The following studies were included: observational studies, case-control studies, and prospective or retrospective cohort studies, which provided an adjusted analysis of the risk factors associated with the development and recurrence of pressure ulcers in patients with spinal cord injury. Results: 25 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included for analysis. A total of 30 risk factors were identified: 4 were demographic factors, 8 were related to the injury, 5 belonged to medical comorbidities, 3 to nutritional factors, 9 were psychological, cognitive, contextual and social factors and 1 was related to support surface. As regards the factors, 56.67 percent of them were classified as non-modifiable. Conclusion: 30 risk factors were identified for the development and recurrence of pressure ulcers in patients with spinal cord injury. However, we were not able to synthesize the evidence due to the heterogeneity of the articles included in this review.

Introducción: Una lesión medular hace referencia a los daños sufridos en la médula espinal a consecuencia de un traumatismo, enfermedad o degeneración. Todas las personas con lesión medular corren riesgo de desarrollar úlceras por presión y casi todas desarrollarán al menos una úlcera por presión grave durante su vida. Objetivo: Identificar los estudios que detectaron factores de riesgo para la aparición y/o recurrencia de úlceras por presión en sujetos con lesión medular. Y de ser posible, sintetizar la evidencia para detectar asociación entre los mismos. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en Medline, LILACS, SciELO y Cochrane hasta el 4 de diciembre del año 2018. Se incluyeron estudios observacionales, casos-controles y de cohorte, retrospectivos o prospectivos, que realizaron un análisis ajustado de los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo y/o recurrencia de úlceras por presión en sujetos con lesión medular. Resultados: 25 artículos cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad y fueron incluidos para el análisis. Se identificaron un total de 30 factores de riesgo, de los cuales 4 fueron factores demográficos, 8 relacionados con la lesión, 5 pertenecieron a comorbilidades médicas, 3 a factores nutricionales, 9 fueron factores psicológicos, cognitivos, contextuales y sociales y 1 estuvo relacionado con la superficie de apoyo. El 56,67% se clasificaron como no modificables. Conclusión: Se identificaron 30 factores de riesgo para la aparición y/o recurrencia de úlceras por presión en sujetos con lesión medular. No fue posible sintetizar la evidencia debido a la heterogeneidad presentada por los artículos incluidos en la presente revisión.

Dizziness Handicap Inventory: autopercepción de los síntomas al inicio de la rehabilitación en sujetos con déficits vestibulares. Estudio descriptivo a 10 años / Dizziness Handicap Inventory: self-perception of symptoms at the beginning of rehabilitation in subjects with vestibular deficits. A 10-year descriptive study

RESUMEN Objetivo: Clasificar los síntomas autopercibidos en leves, moderados o graves y describir el dominio más afectado del Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) según sexo, tipo de desorden vestibular y edad al inicio de un programa de rehabilitación vestibular (RV). Materiales y método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo. Se incluyeron sujetos mayores de 18 años con déficits vestibulares que concurrieron a la entrevista inicial de un programa de RV en un consultorio de kinesiología de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires entre 2011 y 2021. Las variables se agruparon en primarias (autopercepción de discapacidad) y secundarias (sexo, tipo de desorden vestibular y edad). Resultados: Se incluyeron 527 sujetos. El 45% (n=240) de los sujetos presentaron sintomatología leve; el 38% (n=202), moderada y el 16% (n=85), grave. Los sujetos más jóvenes refirieron sintomatología moderada, mientras que el resto de los grupos refirieron sintomatología leve. Las mujeres presentaron mayor autopercepción de síntomas. Los sujetos con síndromes vestibulares periféricos obtuvieron puntajes menores en el DHI. Conclusión: Los síntomas autopercibidos fueron de moderados a graves en el 54% de los sujetos, y los dominios más afectados fueron el físico y funcional. Esta información resulta relevante, ya que nos permite plantear objetivos claros tendientes a disminuir los síntomas y la discapacidad consecuente, y así mejorar la calidad de vida en sujetos con déficits vestibulares.

ABSTRACT Objective: To classify self-perceived symptoms as mild, moderate, or severe, and to describe the most affected domain of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) according to sex, type of vestibular disorder, and age at the beginning of the vestibular rehabilitation (VR) program. Materials and methods: This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Subjects aged over 18 years with vestibular deficits who attended the initial interview of a VR program at a physical therapy office in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires between 2011 and 2021 were included. Variables were grouped into primary (self-perception of disability) and secondary (sex, type of vestibular disorder, and age). Results: A total of 527 subjects were included. Of them, 45% (n=240) had mild symptoms; 38% (n=202), moderate; and 16% (n=85), severe. The youngest subjects reported moderate symptoms, whereas the rest of the group reported mild symptoms. Women showed higher self-perception of symptoms. Subjects with peripheral vestibular syndromes obtained lower DHI scores. Conclusion: Self-perceived symptoms were moderate to severe in 54% of subjects, and the physical and functional domains were the most affected. This relevant information allows us to set clear objectives to reduce symptoms and resulting disabilities, thus improving the quality of life in subjects with vestibular deficits.

Paresias y parálisis de grupos musculares de miembro superior y miembro inferior en sujetos post infección por SARS-CoV-2 ingresados a kinesiología motora en un centro de rehabilitación en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Estudio descriptivo / Paresis and paralysis of muscle groups in the upper limb and lower limb in subjects after SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to physical therapy in a rehabilitation center in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. A descriptive study

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir la incidencia de parálisis o paresias focalizadas de grupos musculares de miembro superior (MS) y de miembro inferior (MI) en sujetos post infección por SARS-CoV-2 al ingreso a kinesiología motora en un centro de rehabilitación en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), y describir las características clínico-demográficas de los sujetos. Materiales y método: Estudio descriptivo, observacional y retrospectivo. Los datos se obtuvieron de las historias clínicas de los sujetos internados. Las variables que se registraron fueron la presencia de paresias o parálisis de grupos musculares de MS y de MI, el tiempo de evolución de la COVID-19, los antecedentes, la medicación, la duración en decúbito prono, la edad y el sexo. Se consideró una significancia estadística de p<0,05. Resultados: Se incluyeron 84 sujetos. El 85% (n=71) fueron hombres, con una mediana de edad de 62 años. La incidencia total de paresias o parálisis focalizadas de grupos musculares de MS y de MI fue del 57% (n=84). El 49% (n=41) de los sujetos presentó hipertensión arterial (HTA); el 30% (n=25) diabetes y el 29% (n=24) obesidad. El 89% (n=75) de los sujetos tomaba 3 o más medicamentos y el 56% (n=47) estuvo en decúbito prono. Conclusión: La incidencia total de paresias o parálisis de grupos musculares de MS y de MI fue del 57% (n=84) en sujetos post infección por SARS-CoV-2 al ingreso a kinesiología motora en un centro de rehabilitación en la CABA. El 56% (n=47) estuvo en decúbito prono. La mayoría de los sujetos fueron hombres de 62 años, con 55 días de evolución de la COVID-19, HTA y polifarmacia.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the incidence of localized paralysis or paresis of muscle groups in the upper limb (UL) and lower limb (LL) in subjects after infection with SARS-CoV-2 upon admission to physical therapy in a rehabilitation center in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (CABA), and to describe the clinical-demographic characteristics of the subjects. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive, observational, and retrospective study. Data were obtained from the medical records of hospitalized subjects. The presence of paresis or paralysis of muscle groups in the UL and LL, time of COVID-19 clinical course, medical history, medication, duration in prone position, age, and sex were registered. A statistical significance of p<0.05 was considered. Results: A total of 84 subjects were included; of them, 85% (n=71) of the subjects were men, with a median age of 62 years. The total incidence of localized paralysis or paresis of the muscle groups in the UL and LL was 57% (n=84). Forty-nine percent (n=41) of the subjects had arterial hypertension (AHT); 30 (n=25) diabetes and 29% (n=24) obesity. Eighty-nine percent (n=75) of the subjects took 3 or more medications, and 56% (n=47) were in the prone position. Conclusion: The total incidence of paresis or paralysis of the muscle groups in the UL and LL was 57% (n=84) in subjects after infection with SARS-CoV-2 upon admission to physical therapy in a rehabilitation center in CABA. Fifty-six percent (n=47) of the subjects were in prone position. Most of the subjects were 62 years old, with a 55-day course of COVID-19, AHT, and polypharmacy.

Validación del Timed Up and Go Test como Predictor de Riesgo de Caídas en Sujetos con Artritis Reumatoidea: Parte II: Validez Concurrente y Predictiva / Validation of the Timed Up and Go Test as Predictor of Risk of Falls in Subjects with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Part II: Concurrent and Predictive Validity

Introducción: Los sujetos con Artritis Reumatoidea (AR) tienen un elevado riesgo de caídas respecto a la población sana. El Timed Up and Go test (TUG) es utilizado para predecir el riesgo de caídas pero no ha sido validado en sujetos con AR. Objetivos: El objetivo primario fue establecer la validez predictiva y la validez concurrente a velocidad habitual y máxima segura en sujetos con diagnóstico de AR. El objetivo secundario fue establecer si el TUG tiene mayor valor predictivo evaluado a velocidad habitual o a velocidad máxima segura. Sujetos y método Los sujetos fueron ingresados mediante muestreo no probabilístico consecutivo. Para la validez concurrente se correlacionó el TUG con la Berg Balance Scale (BBS) y el Test de Marcha de 10 metros (TM10m). La validez predictiva fue calculada utilizando curva de características operativas para el receptor y el área bajo la curva. Resultados: Se evaluaron 115 participantes para la validez concurrente y 98 para la predictiva. Las correlaciones entre el TUG a velocidad habitual y el TUG a velocidad máxima segura con la BBS y el TM10m resultaron fuertes (rango de -0,65 a -0,78). La capacidad predictiva del TUG resultó baja tanto a velocidad habitual como a velocidad máxima segura. Conclusión: El TUG en sus dos versiones presentó una fuerte validez concurrente al ser comparado con la BBS y el TM10m. El TUG presentó una baja validez predictiva tanto a velocidad habitual como a velocidad máxima segura para predecir el riesgo de caídas en sujetos con AR.

Background: Subjects with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) have a high risk of falling. The Timed Up and Go test (TUG) is used to predict the risk of falls but it has not been validated in subjects with RA. Purpose: The primary objective was to establish the predictive validity and the concurrent validity of TUG at the preferred walking speed or fastest speed possible as a predictor of falls in subjects with RA. The secondary objective was to establish if the TUG has a higher predictive value evaluated at the preferred walking speed or fastest speed possible. Subjects and method: The subjects were admitted by consecutive non-probabilistic sampling. To establish the concurrent validity, the TUG was correlated with the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the 10-meter Walk Test (TM10m). Predictive validity was calculated using the operating characteristics curve for the receiver and the area under the curve. Results: 115 participants were evaluated for concurrent validity and 98 for predictive validity. The correlations between the usual speed TUG and fastest speed TUG with the BBS and the TM10m were strong (range from -0.65 to -0.78). The predictive capacity of the TUG was low at both normal speed and maximum safe speed. Conclusion: The TUG in its both versions presented a strong concurrent validity compared to the BBS and the TM10m.The TUG presented a low predictive validity both at normal speed and at maximum safe speed to predict the risk of falls in subjects with RA.

[Neuropathic Gaucher disease treated with long enzyme replacement therapy. Two clinical cases]. / Enfermedad neuropática de Gaucher tratada con terapia de reemplazo a largo plazo.

Gaucher disease (GD) is the most common of all inherited lipid storage diseases. It is an autosomal recessive disorder portraying catabolism and cerebroside deposit in the lysosomes, which is due to a lack of glucocerebrosidase enzyme. Though GD shows a panethnic pattern of presentation, it particularly affects the Ashkenazi Jewish population. Several mutations have been defined among GD patients, and some genotypes related to neurologic affection have been described (L444P--most common mutation for neuropathic GD--188S, V394L and G377S). Lipid material storage or deposit exerts multiorganic affection. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has demonstrable efficacy in reversing organic damage related to GD, though its capability to stop neurologic affection is currently under controversy and particular research. This paper portrays two GD cases of Mexican children treated with ERT at general zone hospitals of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in recent years, both of them depicting characteristic type 3 GD mutations, and comparing their clinical evolution with and without neurological features.

La enfermedad de Gaucher (EG) es la más común entre las patologías hereditarias por depósito lisosomal. Se trata de un trastorno de tipo autosómico recesivo, en el que se registra catabolismo y depósito de cerebrósidos en los lisosomas celulares, debido a la ausencia de la enzima glucocerebrosidasa, que se encarga de su metabolismo. La EG muestra un patrón de presentación panétnico, aunque afecta particularmente a la población de judíos Ashkenazi. Existen varias mutaciones reconocidas entre pacientes con EG y se reconoce además a los genotipos asociados con afectación neurológica (L444P --la más frecuente en neuronopáticos-- N188S, V394L y G377S). El depósito de cerebrósidos, como material lipídico, ejerce afectación multiorgánica. En años recientes, la terapia de reemplazo enzimático (TRE) ha sido efectiva para controlar indefinidamente a los pacientes con EG. Hoy en día, se cuestiona si la TRE puede detener la afectación neurológica a largo plazo. Este documento presenta los casos clínicos de dos niños mexicanos con EG, tratados con TRE en los hospitales generales de zona (HGZ) del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), ambos con mutaciones que caracterizan a la EG neuronopática tipo 3, cuya evolución se compara con manifestaciones neurológicas y sin estas.

Características clínicas y demográficas de sujetos con patologías reumáticas ingresados a rehabilitación: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo / Clinical and demographic characteristics of subjects with rheumatic diseases admitted to rehabilitation: retrospective descriptive study

Antecedentes: Las enfermedades reumáticas (ER) son afecciones que comprometen al sistema musculoesquelético y existen más de 100 tipos. Los autores de este estudio no encontramos antecedentes que describan características de los sujetos con ER admitidos en un servicio de rehabilitación en Argentina. Objetivo: Describir y analizar una muestra de sujetos con ER ingresados en el Servicio de Kinesiología del Instituto de Rehabilitación Psicofísica (I.Re.P.) de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires entre enero de 2010 y diciembre de 2015. Materiales y método: El diseño fue descriptivo, retrospectivo. Se registraron los datos de sujetos con ER ingresados a rehabilitación. Las variables clínico demográficas fueron extraídas de fichas kinésicas e historias clínicas. Resultados: 377 sujetos ingresaron al Servicio de Kinesiología. El 79,6% eran mujeres con una mediana de 55 años. Del total de sujetos, 65% tenían Artritis Reumatoidea (AR). El 24,6% correspondían a la clase funcional (CF) I, 54,4% a la II, 17,3% a la III y el 3,7% a la Iv. El 18% de los sujetos concurrieron a la sesión inicial con dispositivo de asistencia para la deambulación. Conclusión: Este es el primer estudio en describir y analizar a sujetos con patologías reumáticas que ingresan a rehabilitación en Argentina

Herramientas de evaluación del uso fino de la mano y uso de la mano y el brazo en sujetos con secuela de ictus: revisión sistemática / Hand fine motor skills and use of both hand and arm in subjects after a stroke: a systematic review

Introducción. En la práctica clínica resulta importante poder evaluar la función de la extremidad superior parética del paciente que ha sufrido un ictus. No hay una revisión sistemática que identifique herramientas de evaluación del ‘uso fino de la mano’ o el ‘uso de la mano y el brazo’. Objetivos. Como objetivo primario, identificar las herramientas observacionales que evalúan el uso fino de la mano o el uso de la mano y el brazo en pacientes con secuela de ictus. Secundariamente, analizar el riesgo de sesgo de los artículos incluidos, describir y categorizar la validez, fiabilidad y utilidad clínica. Pacientes y métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda en Medline, LILACS, SciELO y Open Grey hasta octubre de 2015. Se incluyeron estudios de validación de herramientas de evaluación del miembro superior en sujetos con secuela de ictus, que evalúen el uso fino de la mano o el uso de la mano y el brazo. Resultados. Se han seleccionado 11 herramientas que evalúan el uso fino de la mano y el uso de la mano y el brazo. Conclusiones. Si bien se comunicaron la fiabilidad, la validez y la utilidad clínica, esta última fue menos evaluada. Los estudios que investigaron estas herramientas presentaron alto riesgo de sesgo, en particular en la elección de la prueba de referencia. La herramienta ARAT-19 fue la que presentó un menor riesgo de sesgo, pero cuando se evaluó la aplicabilidad, ésta presentó una preocupación alta para la prueba de referencia (AU)

Introduction. In clinical practice it is important to be able to assess the function of the upper limb of the patient who has suffered a stroke. There is currently no systemic review that could identify assessment tools for the ‘fine use of the hand’ and ‘use of both hand and arm’. Aims. Primary, to identify observational tools which can assess the fine use of the hand and the use of both hand and arm in patients with stroke sequels. Secondary, to analyze the bias risk in the included articles, describing and categorizing the clinical utility, validity and reliability. Patients and methods. A search was carried in Medline, LILACS, SciELO and Open Grey, which included articles published until October 2015. Studies that validate assessing tools of the upper limb in subjects with a stroke sequel which evaluate the fine use of the hand and the use of both hand and arm were included. Results. Eleven tools in evaluate observational haven been selected, which assess the fine use of the hand and the use of hand and arm. Conclusions. In every case both validity and reliability have been reported, but clinical utility has been less considered for assessment. The studies that researched these tools showed a high risk of bias in their development. ARAT-19 showed a lower bias risk, but when it has to do with applicability and the reference trial is taken into account, the level of concern is high (AU)

Vólvulo del colon transverso / [Tranverse colon volvulus].

The volvulus of the colon is a relatively common cause of colonic obstruction, mainly in the sigmoid colon, less frequent in the caecum, and rarely in the transverse colon. Multidetector tomography (MDCT) is able to establish the diagnosis showing dilated loops of proximal right and transverse colon, which depend on the time scale of evolution, with an abrupt transition site at the splenic flexure and a secondary torsion of the transverse colon mesentery. Volvulus of the transverse requires surgical detorsion in adults. Among the therapeutic options, simple detorsion or detorsion associated with a colopexy are included, but both have high rates of recurrence compared to resection techniques. Surgical resection of the involved segment is required prior to gangrene and perforation. Resection with or without primary anastomosis is the treatment of choice and prevents recurrence. The transverse colon volvulus is a disease of very low frequency and clinical diagnosis may be difficult. The management remains controversial. We stress that although many surgeons will never see a case of transverse colon volvulus, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis of intermittent abdominal pain or acute intestinal obstruction.

Dosagem de lisozima na lágrima de recém-nascidos / Lysozyme concentration in tears of newborn babies

A concentraçäo de lisozima lacrimal foi medida pelo método da lisoplaca em 47 recém-nascidos divididos em 3 grupos; 22 de termo, 11 de termo com baixo peso e 14 prematuros. A concentraçäo de lisozima foi maior no grupo de termo comparando-se com o grupo de baixo peso e prematuros e seus valores aumentaram com peso e idade gestacional dos recém-nascidos

Vólvulo del colon transverso. / [Tranverse colon volvulus].

The volvulus of the colon is a relatively common cause of colonic obstruction, mainly in the sigmoid colon, less frequent in the caecum, and rarely in the transverse colon. Multidetector tomography (MDCT) is able to establish the diagnosis showing dilated loops of proximal right and transverse colon, which depend on the time scale of evolution, with an abrupt transition site at the splenic flexure and a secondary torsion of the transverse colon mesentery. Volvulus of the transverse requires surgical detorsion in adults. Among the therapeutic options, simple detorsion or detorsion associated with a colopexy are included, but both have high rates of recurrence compared to resection techniques. Surgical resection of the involved segment is required prior to gangrene and perforation. Resection with or without primary anastomosis is the treatment of choice and prevents recurrence. The transverse colon volvulus is a disease of very low frequency and clinical diagnosis may be difficult. The management remains controversial. We stress that although many surgeons will never see a case of transverse colon volvulus, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis of intermittent abdominal pain or acute intestinal obstruction.