Compensatory strategy use in diverse older adults with subjective cognitive complaints.

OBJECTIVES: The current study aimed to evaluate the relationship between subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) and compensatory strategy (CS) use in a diverse sample of non-Latinx White (NLW), Black, and Latinx American older adults. METHOD: 807 older adults (Mage = 65.38, 62.7% female) were recruited through Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) and Qualtrics Panel to complete questionnaires on SCC and CS use. Kruskall-Wallis tests were used to evaluate differences in SCC across groups given non-normal distributions. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate group differences in CS use. The PROCESS macro for SPSS was used to examine whether demographic factors moderated the relationship between SCC and CS use. RESULTS: NLWs reported higher levels of SCC and greater overall use of CS in comparison to Latinx and Black individuals. Several demographic and psychosocial factors including age, ethno-racial group, education, and anxiety level were found to be associated with CS use. Education was found to moderate the association between SCC and CS use. CONCLUSION: Inconsistent with prior studies, our study found that NLWs reported the highest levels of SCC. CS were used across all racial/ethnic groups, but the frequency of CS use may be impacted by education level. While all education groups increased their CS in response to higher levels of SCC, this increase was more substantial for those with lower levels of education. Future work should consider individuals' cultural and educational background when examining SCC and/or developing CS-based intervention for the aging population.

Inaugural editorial for Journal of Counseling Psychology.

The Journal of Counseling Psychology serves as the premier journal for critical and rigorous research within the field and beyond. In their inaugural editorial for Journa, Liu is joined by their associated editors and inaugural JCP fellows who have agreed to share authorship and their positionalities. In considering the Journal of Counseling Psychology for research, the editors encourage authors to reflect on these positionalities and how they might integrate their own into their publications. The editorial provides direction and some suggestions on submitted articles and research directions for JCP in the following areas: positionality and critical reflexivity; theoretical and conceptual advancement and clarity; body ideas, frameworks, and conceptualization; data clarity; and cultural validity of research instruments. The editors look forward to working with their communities as they transform their scholarship. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

An Overview of Health Disparities in Asthma.

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by inflammation in the respiratory airways which manifests clinically with wheezing, cough, and episodic periods of chest tightness; if left untreated it can lead to permanent obstruction or death. In the US, asthma affects all ages and genders, and individuals from racial and ethnic minority groups are disproportionately burdened by this disease. The financial cost of asthma exceeds $81 billion every year and despite all the resources invested, asthma is responsible for over 3,500 deaths annually in the nation. In this overview, we highlight important factors associated with health disparities in asthma. While they are complex and overlap, we group these factors in five domains: biological, behavioral, socio-cultural, built environment, and health systems. We review the biological domain in detail, which traditionally has been best studied. We also acknowledge that implicit and explicit racism is an important contributor to asthma disparities and responsible for many of the socio-environmental factors that worsen outcomes in this disease.

Temper Loss and Persistent Irritability in Preschoolers: Implications for Diagnosing Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder in Early Childhood.

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) is a new and controversial child psychiatric disorder characterized by persistent irritability and frequent temper loss. Among the controversies surrounding DMDD is whether the age of onset criterion-that DMDD may not be diagnosed before age 6 years-is justified. This study examined DMDD symptoms and associated patterns of psychiatric comorbidity, behavioral, and family functioning in a sample of 139 preschoolers (ages 4-0 to 5-11 years) admitted to an early childhood psychiatric day treatment program. DMDD symptoms were common in this acute clinical sample, with 63 children (45.3 %) presenting with frequent temper outbursts and chronic irritability. As compared to children who did not present with DMDD symptoms, these children demonstrated more aggression and emotional reactivity and lower receptive language skills, with high rates of comorbidity with the disruptive behavior disorders. Findings contribute to an emerging literature on preschool DMDD, with implications for early childhood psychiatric assessment and clinical interventions.

Family asthma management and physical activity among urban children.

INTRODUCTION: Urban, low-income, and Black and Latino children with asthma experience higher morbidity and poorer outcomes compared to their suburban, higher-income, and non-Latino White counterparts. This risk is further compounded by higher rates of co-occurring overweight or obesity. Physical activity contributes to both asthma and overweight/obesity status, however, little is known about factors that may promote/limit physical activity among youth from low-income, urban, and racial/ethnic backgrounds. This study evaluates associations between asthma management behaviors and physical activity among a sample of racially/ethnically diverse youth with asthma of both healthy weight and overweight/obesity status. METHOD: 147 children with asthma (Mage = 8.3; 50% overweight/obese status, 58% Hispanic/Latino, and 26% Black) and their families completed the Family Asthma Management System Scale (FAMSS; McQuaid et al., 2005) between 2013 and 2015. Physical activity was measured with waist-worn accelerometers. Differences in FAMSS scores by physical activity levels and associations between FAMSS scores and physical activity for the total sample and by race/ethnicity and weight status were evaluated. RESULTS: Children who met recommended physical activity guidelines had higher FAMSS "medication adherence", t(89) = -2.04, p < .05, and "collaboration with health care provider", t(89) = -2.09, p < .05. More optimal "environmental control" related to lower levels of physical activity (ß = -.21, p < .05) while more optimal "medication adherence" was associated with higher levels of physical activity (ß = .21, p < .05). Differences in these associations were identified by race/ethnicity, though not weight status. CONCLUSIONS: Asthma management behaviors were associated with physical activity, with notable differences by race/ethnicity. Tailored interventions simultaneously addressing multiple health behaviors may be warranted. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Community Health Workers' Role in Supporting Pediatric Asthma Management: A Review.

Objective: Community Health Workers (CHWs) have been effective in improving health outcomes in vulnerable communities by providing health education and management services. We review CHW-led asthma education and management interventions for children and their families. Next, we describe the selection and training of CHWs in pediatric asthma management in the Rhode Island Integrated Response Asthma Care Implementation Program (RI-AIR). Methods: We queried the MEDLine, Cochrane, PubMed, and EMBASE databases with keywords ("community health worker", "asthma", "health worker", "lay worker", "pediatric", "child", and "childhood") from inception until September 2019. Criteria for study inclusion included: published in English, conducted in the United States, approved with an ethics notification, published in peer-reviewed journal, and involved CHWs as the interventionists. The initial search identified 216 manuscripts. Fifteen studies met criteria for inclusion. Results: CHWs provide asthma management and education services, including home environmental trigger assessments, strategies to reduce environmental trigger exposure, resource linkage, and community referrals. We describe RI-AIR, and its CHW-led asthma education and management interventions. Conclusions: CHWs are effective and vital supports for positive asthma outcomes. More research is needed to guide models of intervention using CHWs, specifically addressing integration in interdisciplinary teams, training, and reimbursement for CHW services. Implications for Impact Statement: CHWs are effective in helping children with asthma and their families learn to manage asthma. It is important to develop programs that prepare CHWs to work with other medical professionals and health care models to pay for their services.

Can fleas from dogs infected with canine visceral leishmaniasis transfer the infection to other mammals?

In order to investigate the possible role of dog fleas in the transmission of trypanosomatids, ectoparasites were removed from 59 dogs testing positive for canine zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis according to the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Of the fleas collected, 4/207 (1.9%) showed the presence of promastigotes in smears stained by Giemsa, whilst 43/144 (29.9%) exhibited positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification assays for Leishmania DNA. Fleas (409) from 9 Leishmania chagasi-infected dogs, each hosting more than 20 fleas per animal, were macerated and administered by peritoneal injection or orally to 36 hamsters. After 6 months, the 30 surviving hamsters were sacrificed and liver and spleen fragments were removed for PCA assay and to produce imprint smears, whilst blood samples were subjected to IFAT assay. Sixteen hamsters tested positive for Leishmania infection, 14 on the basis of PCR amplification and four by IFAT assay (two animals testing positive in both assays). Of the infected hamsters, 11/16 (68.7%) had been infected peritoneally and 5/16 (31.2%) orally. The imprint smears for all animals were, however, negative. Since both PCR and IFAT could present cross-reactivity for Leishmania and Leptomonas, the possibility of oral transmission of L. chagasi by fleas cannot be proven unambiguously even though the hamsters developed infection.

Urban caregiver empowerment: Caregiver nativity, child-asthma symptoms, and emergency-department use.

INTRODUCTION: In this study, we examined the associations between caregiver empowerment, child-asthma symptoms, and emergency-department (ED) use in a sample of school-age urban children with asthma. We examined differences in caregiver empowerment, and in the associations among caregiver empowerment, proportion of days with child-asthma symptoms, and ED use as a function of caregiver nativity. METHOD: Participants for this study were part of a larger longitudinal study and included Latino, African American and non-Latino White urban caregivers and their children with asthma (ages 7-9; N = 130). Caregiver empowerment was assessed within family, asthma services, and community domains. RESULTS: Children whose caregivers reported greater empowerment within the family (i.e., possessing sufficient knowledge and ability to care for their families) presented with fewer asthma symptoms. Children whose caregivers reported greater empowerment within asthma services (i.e., the ability to collaborate with asthma providers and the health-care system), presented with more asthma symptoms. Foreign-born caregivers endorsed greater empowerment within the family, whereas U.S.-born caregivers reported greater empowerment within asthma services. For foreign-born caregivers, higher levels of empowerment in the family were associated with fewer child-asthma symptoms. For U.S.-born caregivers, higher levels of empowerment in asthma services were associated with more child-asthma symptoms. DISCUSSION: Results suggest that caregivers who feel more confident and better able to manage problems within their families may better manage their children's asthma symptoms. Foreign-born caregivers may benefit from increased support to more effectively navigate the asthma health-care system and manage their children's asthma. (PsycINFO Database Record

Participation of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the epidemiology of canine visceral leishmaniasis.

The vectorial competence of the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus is discussed in relation to the epidemiology of canine visceral leishmaniasis, taking into account its strict association with dogs and the low indices of natural infection presented by its known vector, the phlebotomine sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis. In order to evaluate natural infection by Leishmania chagasi and the infectivity of these parasites in the tick, 39 specimens (6 females, 11 males and 22 nymphs) of R. sanguineus were removed from 21 dogs showing diverse symptoms of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL). Six ticks (15.4%) gave positive results for the genus Leishmania using the PCR technique. To determine the infectivity of the parasites, 36 hamsters were inoculated orally and peritoneally with macerates of ticks removed from nine dogs symptomatic for visceral leishmaniasis. After 6 months the hamsters were sacrificed and necropsied. Serum was removed for IFAT, as well as spleen and liver fragments to make imprint smears and for PCR. Eight (88.9%) of these dogs presented ticks that were infective for 14 hamsters (41.2%), 12 (85.7%) of them infected peritoneally and two (14.3%) orally. PCR revealed 27 smears (40.9%) to be positive, 20 (62.5%) of them infected peritoneally and seven (20.6%) orally. IFAT showed 14 positive animals (41.2%). Based on these findings, we suggest that the vectorial capacity of R. sanguineus for L. chagasi should be evaluated further, opening new perspectives in the epidemiology of ZVL.

Factors associated with recruitment and retention of diverse children with asthma.

This study examines factors associated with recruitment and retention of Latino, Dominican (DR) and mainland Puerto Rican (PR), and non-Latino white (NLW) families into a pediatric asthma study. Over eleven hundred (n=1185) families were screened, and 489 (n= 174 NLW, n= 160 DR, n= 155 PR) were enrolled. Rates of recruitment by source of recruitment and rates of retention differed by ethnic group. Families whose caregiver had never married had lower odds of completing the study. The findings highlight the need for further study to examine the effectiveness of specific recruitment and retention strategies with Latino and non-Latino white families.

Contextual and cultural risks and their association with family asthma management in urban children.

This study examines the association between caregivers' perceptions of home and neighborhood safety on family asthma management in the context of cultural risk factors (e.g., discrimination and acculturative stress) in a sample of urban and ethnic minority families. Participants included 147 children (ages 6-13) and their primary caregiver from Latino, African American and Non-Latino White (NLW) backgrounds. When controlling for poverty, caregivers' perceptions of home and neighborhood safety predicted family asthma management for the overall sample and for the NLW families. Additionally, for caregivers who endorsed higher levels of perceived discrimination, home and neighborhood safety predicted family asthma management. This study demonstrates the utility of considering caregivers' perceptions of home and neighborhood safety when examining urban families' day-to-day engagement with asthma management tasks.

The home environment and family asthma management among ethnically diverse urban youth with asthma.

Although the pediatric psychology literature underscores the importance of illness-related aspects of the home environment for optimal family asthma management, little is known about the contribution of more global aspects of the home environment (e.g., family routines/schedule, quality of stimulation provided to child) to asthma management in ethnic minority and urban families. The goals of this study were to (a) explore ethnic/racial group differences in global and specific dimensions of home environment quality among Latino, non-Latino White (NLW), and African American urban children with asthma; and (b) examine associations between the quality and quantity of support and stimulation within the home environment, as measured by the HOME Inventory, and family asthma management. Urban, low-income children (N = 131) between the ages of 6 and 13 with asthma and a primary caregiver participated in a multimodal assessment, including an in-home observation and semistructured interviews to assess aspects of home environment quality and family asthma management practices. While controlling for poverty, no ethnic group differences were found in the global home environment; however, there were significant differences in specific dimensions (e.g., Family Participation in Developmentally Stimulating Experiences, and Aspects of the Physical Environment) of home environment quality. Across the whole sample, home environment quality predicted family asthma management. When examining this association for specific ethnic groups, this finding did not hold for the Latino subsample. The results highlight the need to consider ethnic group differences in non-illness-specific aspects of the home environment when addressing families' asthma management strategies.

Carcinoma oculto de la mama. Experiencia en el Centro Clínico de Estereotaxia ­ CECLINES / Occult breast cancer. Experience in Centro Clinico de Estereotaxia ­ CECLINES

A pesar de los avances científicos y las numerosas reuniones de expertos en todo el mundo y quizás por su presentación poco frecuente, aún existen dudas en el manejo de los pacientes con carcinoma oculto de la mama (COM). Algunos autores señalan que su comportamiento es similar a los carcinomas estadio II/III. Métodos: Retrospectivamente estudiamos en la base de datos del Centro Clínico de Estereotaxia CECLINES en Caracas, 841 pacientes, de las cuales el grupo de COM representa el 0.71% (6/841) y pacientes con St II el 16.52% (139/841). Resultados: Para COM el seguimiento promedio fue de 4.33 años (0.08 a 10.25, DS 4.04). En el estudio definitivo de la disección axilar las pacientes COM presentaron promedio de 2.17 ganglios (1-6 + 0.83) positivos y el grupo ST II un promedio de 2.72 ganglios (0-9 + 0.26) (p>0.05). La tasa de recaída para COM fue de 16.7% (1/6) y para ST II fue 15.1% (21/139)(p=0.089). La sobrevida a los 5 años, para COM fue 83.2% y para ST II 80.4% (p=0.630). Conclusión: La sobrevida de pacientes con COM es discretamente mejor que la de STII. El esquema propuesto parece ser factible en el manejo de pacientes con COM, ya que ha arrojado cifras de recaídas y sobrevida similar a lo reportado a nivel internacional(AU)

Despite scientific advances and the numerous meetings of experts around the world and perhaps it´s rare presentation, there are still doubts in the management of patients with occult breast carcinoma (OBC). Some authors suggest that it´s behavior is similar to those breast cancer stage (ST) II/III. Methods: Retrospectively we studied in the database of Centro Clínico de Estereotaxia CECLINES at Caracas, 841 patients, in which OBC represents 0.71% (6/841) and ST II breast cancer 16.52% (139/841). Results: For OBC the median follow up was 4.33 years (0.08-10.25, SD 4.04). In the definitive study of the axillary disecction of OBC there was a median of 2.17 (1-6 + 0.83) positie nodes and for the grup ST II a median of 2.72 (0-9 + 0.26) positive nodes (p>0.05). The recurrence rate for OBC was 16.7% (1/6) and for St II 15.1% (21/139)(p=0.089). The 5y survival for OBC was 83.2% y and for ST II 80.4% (p=0.630). Conclusion: The 5y survival for OBC patients was quietly better than that of ST II. The algorithm proposed seems to be feasible for the management of patients with OBC because it has produce results such as recurrence and survival similar as those reported internationaly(AU)

Água e saúde: (des)integração entre vigilâncias e as lições da práxis / Water and health: (dis)integration of surveillance and the lessons of practice

A integração entre as ações intra e intersetoriais na área de saúde constitui desafio para gestores municipais, uma vez que prevalece no cotidiano do serviço a prática fragmentada da geração de dados e da análise dissociada das informações, resultando em obstáculos para um planejamento integrado. Um possível caminho para essa almejada integração funcional permeia o estabelecimento de canais de comunicação permanentes, possibilitando a programação conjunta das intervenções envolvendo diferentes departamentos e setores. Uma avaliação do processo de articulação entre as vigilâncias epidemiológica e ambiental em saúde relacionada à água para consumo humano (Vigiagua), desenvolvida no município de Contagem-MG, identificou, por meio de análise do conteúdo de entrevistas realizadas com a coordenação da Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental, os condicionantes que interferem em sua institucionalização. A busca por maior domínio e valorização do trabalho pelos profissionais do Vigiagua, e a expectativa de agregar diferentes interlocutores e áreas de conhecimento na resolução de problemas comuns foram identificados como principais motivadores e facilitadores do processo. Em outro polo, foram detectados como pontos de estrangulamento: recursos humanos e financeiros; materiais insuficientes; falta de autonomia técnico-gerencial para o estabelecimento de canais de comunicação coesos; e incipiente prática de planejamento no serviço. Seminários e reuniões caracterizaram-se como espaços de interação dialógica no serviço e possibilitaram uma aproximação de gestores do nível central com "executores" das instâncias locais. Entretanto, pleiteia-se que o estímulo para essa interlocução seja contínuo, o que demanda capacitação e desejo de gestores e profissionais para esse exercício.

The integration of intra and inter-sectoral actions in health care is a challenge for municipal managers, once fragmented data generation and analysis of dissociated information prevail in the daily practice of the service, resulting in barriers to integrated planning. A possible path to that desired functional integration permeates the establishment of permanent communication channels, enabling the joint programming of interventions involving different departments and sectors. An evaluation of the process of articulation between the epidemiological surveillance and environmental health related to drinking water (Vigiagua), developed in the municipality of Contagem-MG, identified through content analysis of interviews with the coordination of the Environmental Health Surveillance, the factors that interfere with their institutionalization. The search for greater appreciation of the work area and by professionals of the Vigiagua, and the expectation of bringing together different agents and areas of expertise in solving common problems were identified as key drivers and facilitators of the process. Still, the obstacles identified were: human and financial resources; inadequate materials; lack of technical and managerial autonomy to establish cohesive communication channels; and incipient planning practice in the service. Seminars and meetings were characterized as spaces of interaction and dialogue in the service and allowed an approximation of central-level managers to "executors" of local authorities. However, the stimulus to this dialogue should be continuous, which requires training and desire of managers and professionals for this exercise.

Es carcinoma lobulillar infiltrante igual a carcinoma ductal infiltrante?: seguimiento a largo plazo / Is lobulillar infiltrante carcinoma equal to ductal infiltrante carcinoma?: long term follow

Comparar carcinoma lobulillar infiltrante y carcinoma ductal infiltrante a largo plazo según estadio, tratamiento quirúrgico, terapia neoadyuvante, adyuvante. Estudiamos en la base de datos de CECLINES 841 pacientes, el lobulillar representa 7,25% (61) y ductal 51,24% (431). El seguimiento global 22 años con promedio de 5 años. La sobrevida global: lobulillar 68,1% vs. 60,9% ductal (P=0,772), por estadio fue: I lobulillar 96,3% ductal 90,5 II 94,4% y 88,4% III 90,5% 83,2% (P=0,023). La expresión de receptores de estrógenos positivos en comparación a los CDI fue 87,7% vs. 74,7%,(P=0,031) sobrevida 96,9% vs. 94,0% (P=0,033). El tratamiento preservador del lobulillar en comparación aductal 57,4% vs. 63,2% (P=0,949) y la sobrevida 85,4% vs. 82,9% (P=0,001). La sobrevida de lobulillar sometidos a quimioterapia primaria, quimioterapia adyuvante, radioterapia y hormonoterapia adyuvante en relación al grupo ductal fue 93,4% vs. 91,3%, 91,5% vs. 89,7%, 92,5% vs. 89,8% 92,5% vs. 88,4%, respectivamente (P<0,05). La sobrevida global es igual, la sobrevida por estadio favorece al lobulillar estos presentan más receptores positivos y sobrevida mejor. La tendencia a tratamiento preservador en lobulillar es mayor encontrando excelentes cifras de sobrevida. Dado el perfil hormonal y sobrevida según receptores las pacientes con lobulillar infiltrante son candidatas a participar en protocolos de hormonoterapia primaria. Generalmente el tratamiento para ambos grupos es similar.

Compare infiltrante lobulillar carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in long-term follow up as stage surgical treatment, neoadyuvante, adjuvant therapy. We studied in CECLINES data base 841 patients; lobulillar represents 7.25% (61) and 51.24% ductal (431). The overall followup was up to twenty two years with an average of five years. The overall survival for lobulillar was 68.1%and for ductal 60.9% (P=0.772), the survival according to state was: I lobulillar 96.3% ductal 90.5, II 94.4% vs. 88.4 III 90.5 and 83.2 respectively (P=0.023). Estrogen receptors positive expression for lobulillar compared to ductal was 87.7% vs. 74.7%, (P=0.031) and its survival 96.9% vs. 94.0% (P=0.033). The breast conserving surgery for lobulillar compared to ductal was 57.4% vs. 63.2% (P=0.949) survival 85.4% vs. 82.9% (P=0.001). The survival reported for patients with lobulillar who received neoadyuvante chemotherapy adjuvant chemotherapy radiotherapy and adjuvant hormonotherapy compared to ductal was 93.4% 91.3%, 91.5% 89.7%, 92.5% 89.8% 92.5% 88.4%, respectively P<0.05. The overall survival is equal, survival favors. The lobulillar have more positive receptors and survival is better. The tendency to conservative treatment in lobulillar is increasingly. Given the hormonal profile and survival according to estrogen receptors patients with ILC, are probably good candidates to participate in neoadyuvante hormone therapy protocols. Usually the treatment is the same or similar for both groups.

Wild birds as hosts of Amblyomma cajaennense (Fabricius, 1787) (Acari: Ixodidae)

We evaluated the prevalence, mean intensity and relative density of ticks in 467 wild birds of 67 species (12 families) from forest and cerrado habitats at two protected areas of Minas Gerais, between March and September 1997. Ticks collected (n=177) were identified as larvae and nymphs of Amblyomma cajennense and four other species of Amblyomma. Wi report for the first time 28 bird species as hosts of the immature stages of A. cajennense, demonstrating the lack of host specificity of the larve and nymphs. A. cajennense had 15 (por cento) prevalence on birds, with a mean infestation intensity of 0.37 ticks per host sampled, and 2.5 ticks per infested bird. Prevalence varied in relation to host species, diet and between birds from forests at two seccessional stages. There were no differences in relation to host forest dependence, participation in mixed flocks of birds, and nest type constructed. A. cajennense es a species of medical and veterinary importance, occurring on domestic animals but is known littles of its occurrence on wildlife.