Assessing coastal vulnerability at the village level using a robust framework, the example of Canacona in South Goa, India.

Climate change poses a significant threat to coastal regions worldwide. This study presents and applies a modified Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) to assess coastal vulnerability at the village level, focusing on Canacona, a taluka in South Goa, India. It adapts the existing CVI methodology by incorporating additional variables to better represent the various dimensions of vulnerability, resulting in 21 variables split into a Physical Vulnerability Index (PVI) and a Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI). The results show spatial variability in coastal vulnerability across the studied villages, with Agonda and Nagercem-Chaudi found to be highly vulnerable and Loliem to be the least vulnerable. A hydrological modeling approach is also used to compare the CVI of every village with their susceptibility to inundation due to rising sea levels. The results demonstrate the influence of local factors on vulnerability, challenging previous taluka-level assessments given the scale upon which adaptation typically takes place.

The Peer Aggressive and Reactive Behavior Questionnaire (PARB-Q): measurement invariance across Italian and Brazilian children, gender and age.

This study examines measurement invariance, reliability and scores differences of the Peer Aggressive and Reactive Behaviors Questionnaire (PARB-Q) across Italian and Brazilian children, gender and age. Participants were 587 Italian and 727 Brazilian children, aged 7-13 years from 12 elementary schools. The PARB-Q is a brief self-report instrument composed by two scales that assess aggressive behavior and reactions to peer aggression. Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses indicated full measurement invariance of the PARB-Q across groups based on country, gender and age, providing support for the unidimensionality of the first scale (direct peer aggression, PA) and a 3-factor model of the second scale (reactive aggression, RA; seeking teacher support, STS; internalizing reaction, IR). Reliability indices were good for all factors. Italian children reported a higher frequency of PA and a lower frequency of IR than the Brazilian children. Boys scored higher than girls on PA and RA, while girls scored higher than boys on STS and IR. Younger children reported a lower frequency of PA and a higher frequency of STS than older children. Results provide support for structure validity and reliability of the PARB-Q in two countries and information on differences related to gender, age and culture in peer relationships in elementary school.

Impact evaluation of a cognitive behavioral group therapy model in Brazilian sexually abused girls.

This study evaluated the impact of a cognitive behavioral group therapy model in Brazilian girls who had experienced sexual abuse. The effect of the waiting period before treatment and the enduring effectiveness of the treatment after six and 12 months were also evaluated. Forty-nine female sexual abuse victims between the ages of 9 and 16 completed instruments measuring depression, anxiety, stress, and post-traumatic stress disorder before, during, and after the group therapy. The group therapy had a positive impact on their psychological functioning, significantly reducing symptoms of anxiety, stress, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The therapeutic effects lasted six to 12 months after the treatment ended. The model proved effective for treating young female victims of sexual abuse.

Strategic Encounters in Innovation and Regulation: Healthcare Transformation in the Era of Digital Connectivity Comment on "What Managers Find Important for Implementation of Innovations in the Healthcare Sector - Practice Through Six Management Perspectives".

Healthcare innovations emerge and develop in institutionally dense selective environments. New projects and propositions in healthcare sectoral ecosystems can be understood as product-service compacts, that is, complex solutions that dynamically integrate tangible and intangible elements in close interaction with users' needs and the evolving regulatory context under uncertainty and ambiguity. We advance the concept of "strategic encounters" to encapsulate, capitalise and extend the contribution by Palm and Fischier's on the key enabling managerial factors for healthcare innovation implementation under conditions of imperfect foresight. We intertwine creative assemblages that shape the formation of knowledge-intensive activities at the operators' level with scope of sectoral level interventions to underscore how the opportunities and constraints can enhance innovation for the common good. We use the case of digital data health regulatory agendas as illustration. We argue that this broader perspective on healthcare transformation is theoretically pertinent and practically useful, for management and policy.

Did Covid-19 lockdown positively affect the urban environment and UN- Sustainable Development Goals?

This work quantifies the impact of pre-, during- and post-lockdown periods of 2020 and 2019 imposed due to COVID-19, with regards to a set of satellite-based environmental parameters (greenness using Normalized Difference Vegetation and water indices, land surface temperature, night-time light, and energy consumption) in five alpha cities (Kuala Lumpur, Mexico, greater Mumbai, Sao Paulo, Toronto). We have inferenced our results with an extensive questionnaire-based survey of expert opinions about the environment-related UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Results showed considerable variation due to the lockdown on environment-related SDGs. The growth in the urban environmental variables during lockdown phase 2020 relative to a similar period in 2019 varied from 13.92% for Toronto to 13.76% for greater Mumbai to 21.55% for Kuala Lumpur; it dropped to -10.56% for Mexico and -1.23% for Sao Paulo city. The total lockdown was more effective in revitalizing the urban environment than partial lockdown. Our results also indicated that Greater Mumbai and Toronto, which were under a total lockdown, had observed positive influence on cumulative urban environment. While in other cities (Mexico City, Sao Paulo) where partial lockdown was implemented, cumulative lockdown effects were found to be in deficit for a similar period in 2019, mainly due to partial restrictions on transportation and shopping activities. The only exception was Kuala Lumpur which observed surplus growth while having partial lockdown because the restrictions were only partial during the festival of Ramadan. Cumulatively, COVID-19 lockdown has contributed significantly towards actions to reduce degradation of natural habitat (fulfilling SDG-15, target 15.5), increment in available water content in Sao Paulo urban area(SDG-6, target 6.6), reduction in NTL resulting in reducied per capita energy consumption (SDG-13, target 13.3).

14-item resilience scale (RS-14): psychometric properties of the Brazilian version.

The Resilience Scale (RS) was developed to evaluate the levels of resilience in the general population. Its reduced version (RS-14) has presented reliable internal consistency and external validity. However, its psychometric properties have not been systematically evaluated. The objective of this study was to present the psychometric properties of the Brazilian RS-14. A total of 1,139 subjects selected by convenience (62.9% women) from 14 to 59 years old (M = 26.1, SD = 11.61) participated in the study. Exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) and parallel analysis were conducted in order to assess the factor structure of the scale. A 13-item single-factor solution was achieved. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and multigroup CFA (MGCFA) corroborated the goodness of fit and measurement invariance of the obtained exploratory solution. The levels of resilience correlated negatively with depression and positively with meaning in life and self-efficacy.

Scaling behavior of public procurement activity.

Public procurement refers to the purchase by public sector entities-such as government departments or local authorities-of Services, Goods, or Works. It accounts for a significant share of OECD countries' expenditures. However, while governments are expected to execute them as efficiently as possible, there is a lack of methodologies for an adequate comparison of procurement activity between institutions at different scales, which represents a challenge for policymakers and academics. Here, we propose using methods borrowed from urban scaling laws literature to study public procurement activity among 278 Portuguese municipalities between 2011 and 2018. We find that public procurement expenditure scales sublinearly with population size, indicating an economy of scale for public spending as cities increase their population size. Moreover, when looking at the municipal Scale-Adjusted Indicators (the deviations from the scaling law) by contract categories-Works, Goods, and Services-we are able to identify a richer local characterisation of municipalities based on the similarity of procurement activity. These results make up a framework for quantitatively studying local public expenditure by enabling policymakers a more appropriate foundation for comparative analysis.

Open data and injuries in urban areas-A spatial analytical framework of Toronto using machine learning and spatial regressions.

Injuries have become devastating and often under-recognized public health concerns. In Canada, injuries are the leading cause of potential years of life lost before the age of 65. The geographical patterns of injury, however, are evident both over space and time, suggesting the possibility of spatial optimization of policies at the neighborhood scale to mitigate injury risk, foster prevention, and control within metropolitan regions. In this paper, Canada's National Ambulatory Care Reporting System is used to assess unintentional and intentional injuries for Toronto between 2004 and 2010, exploring the spatial relations of injury throughout the city, together with Wellbeing Toronto data. Corroborating with these findings, spatial autocorrelations at global and local levels are performed for the reported over 1.7 million injuries. The sub-categorization for Toronto's neighborhood further distills the most vulnerable communities throughout the city, registering a robust spatial profile throughout. Individual neighborhoods pave the need for distinct policy profiles for injury prevention. This brings one of the main novelties of this contribution. A comparison of the three regression models is carried out. The findings suggest that the performance of spatial regression models is significantly stronger, showing evidence that spatial regressions should be used for injury research. Wellbeing Toronto data performs reasonably well in assessing unintentional injuries, morbidity, and falls. Less so to understand the dynamics of intentional injuries. The results enable a framework to allow tailor-made injury prevention initiatives at the neighborhood level as a vital source for planning and participatory decision making in the medical field in developed cities such as Toronto.

Mumbai's business landscape: A spatial analytical approach to urbanisation.

India has proven to be one of the most diverse and dynamic economic regions in the world. Its industry focuses predominantly on the service sector and immediate economic growth seems to steer India into the economic superpower. India's unique business landscape is felt at a regional level, where massive urbanization has become an unavoidable consequence of population growth and spatial allocation to the economic hubs of metropolitan cities. Mumbai, one of the world's largest cities, represents a unique combination of a diverse economic landscape and the growth of a megacity. The role of Mumbai in India's growth is of crucial importance for India's business landscape. This paper explores the massive urbanization processes of Mumbai's peri-urban areas and compares urban sprawl with the location of its business landscape. A spatial accounting methodology based on the proximity of Mumbai's different economic hubs will be used to measure the underlying pattern of the Mumbai region, concerning past and present urbanization, and the effect of this urbanization process has on the possible location of businesses. This business-urban ecosystem perspective will be implemented by a spatial analysis on the correlation between urban compactness and urban footprints, in relation to business concentration and its spatiotemporal evolution over the last hundred years.

Proactive and Reactive Aggressive Behaviors: Dimensionality of Self-Report Scales.

The literature distinguishes aggressive behavior as being either proactive or reactive; however, despite being highly comorbid, they appear to possess unique correlation patterns to external variables. We propose to assess the dimensionality and latent profiles that emerged based on the Peer Aggressive Behavior Scale (PAB-S) and the Peer Aggressive and Reactive Behavior Questionnaire (PARB-Q). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was conducted on two self-report scales in a non-representative Brazilian sample composed by 2,517 students of elementary school (1,275 girls; 50.7%), aged from seven to 16 years. CFA analyses showed inconclusive results regarding the dimensionality of the data. LPA results, for both instruments, indicated the interdependence between proactive and reactive factors. We suggest that dimensionality issues concerning human aggression might depend, at least in part, on the method used to assess the phenomenon.

Belief in spiritual beings scale (BSBS): development and initial validation / Escala de crença em seres espirituais (ECSE): desenvolvimento e validação inicial / Escala de creencias en seres espirituales (ECSE): desarrollo y validación inicial

Although belief in spiritual beings can be considered the main characteristic of religiosity/spirituality, a scale focused on specifically assessing this construct while remaining pertinent to people of different religious/spiritual denominations-including atheists and agnostics-is not available. In two studies, we present the process of developing the Belief in Spiritual Beings Scale (BSBS) and identify its psychometric properties. Study 1 designed 24 items, which were subsequently evaluated by a panel of judges and 24 representatives of the target population. In study 2, 1788 Brazilians of different religious/spiritual denominations answered the BSBS and five other related scales. Exploratory factor analysis found a unidimensional solution for the data, with the final version of the scale consisting of 13 items. The BSBS score correlated positively-highly or moderately-with measurements of organizational religious activity, non-organizational religious activity, intrinsic religiosity, and Western and Eastern religious beliefs. The level of belief/disbelief in spiritual beings was different among contrasting groups (i.e., religious spiritualists, non-religious spiritualists, gnostic non-spiritualists or atheists, and agnostic non-spiritualists or agnostics), and incrementally predicted almost all the participants' spiritual denominations. Given this preliminary evidence of validity, the BSBS is an interesting instrument for studies aiming to measure the general level of belief/disbelief in spiritual beings-the "soul" of religiosity/spirituality.(AU)

A crença em seres espirituais pode ser considerada a principal característica da religiosidade/espiritualidade. Contudo, parece não haver nenhuma escala que avalie especificamente esse construto e que seja pertinente para pessoas de diferentes denominações religiosas/espirituais - incluindo ateus e agnósticos. Em dois estudos, apresentamos os procedimentos de desenvolvimento da Escala de Crença em Seres Espirituais (ECSE) e a identificação de suas propriedades psicométricas. No estudo 1, 24 itens foram elaborados e posteriormente avaliados por um painel de juízes e 24 representantes da população-alvo. No estudo 2, 1.788 brasileiros de diferentes denominações religiosas/espirituais responderam à ECSE e a cinco outras escalas relacionadas. A análise fatorial exploratória encontrou uma solução unidimensional para os dados, e a versão final da escala apresenta 13 itens. O escore da ECSE correlacionou-se positivamente - de forma alta ou moderada - com as medidas de atividade religiosa organizacional, atividade religiosa não organizacional, religiosidade intrínseca e crenças religiosas ocidentais e orientais. Além disso, o nível de crença/descrença em seres espirituais foi distinto entre grupos contrastantes - i.e., espiritualistas religiosos, espiritualistas não religiosos, não espiritualistas gnósticos (ateus) e não espiritualistas agnósticos (agnósticos) - e predisse, incrementalmente, quase todas as denominações espirituais dos participantes. Em vista dessas evidências preliminares de validade, a ECSE é uma opção interessante para estudos que visam mensurar o nível geral de crença/descrença em seres espirituais - a "alma" da religiosidade/espiritualidade.(AU)

La creencia en seres espirituales puede considerarse la principal característica de la religiosidad/espiritualidad. Sin embargo, parece no haber una escala que evalúe específicamente este constructo y sea relevante para personas de diferentes denominaciones religiosas/espirituales -incluyendo los ateos y agnósticos. En dos estudios presentamos los procedimientos para desarrollar la Escala de Creencia en Seres Espirituales (ECSE) y la identificación de sus propiedades psicométricas. En el estudio 1, 24 ítems fueron elaborados y posteriormente evaluados por un panel de jueces y 24 representantes de la población objetivo. En el estudio 2, 1788 brasileños de diferentes denominaciones religiosas/espirituales respondieron a ECSE y otras cinco escalas relacionadas. El análisis factorial exploratorio se encontró una solución unidimensional para los datos, y la versión final de la escala presenta 13 ítems. La puntuación ECSE se correlacionó positivamente de forma alta o moderada con medidas de actividad religiosa organizacional, actividad religiosa no organizacional, religiosidad intrínseca y creencias religiosas occidentales y orientales. Además, el nivel de creencia/incredulidad en seres espirituales se distinguió entre grupos contrapuestos (i.e., espiritualistas religiosos, espiritualistas no religiosos, no espiritualistas gnósticos, o ateos, y no espiritualistas agnósticos, o agnósticos), y se predijo, de forma incremental, casi todas las denominaciones espirituales de los participantes. En vista de esta evidencia preliminar de validez, ECSE es una opción interesante para estudios que pretenden medir el nivel general de creencia/incredulidad en seres espirituales -el "alma" de la religiosidad/espiritualidad.(AU)

Relationships between cultural adaptation and immigrants' well-being / Relações entre adaptação cultural e bem-estar de imigrantes / Relaciones entre la adaptación cultural y el bienestar de inmigrantes

The present study aimed to evaluate the predictive relationship of socio-demographic variables, cultural adaptation and hope on general well-being (GWB), subjective (SWB), social (SoWB) and psychological (PWB) and in the meaning of life. The participants consisted of 108 immigrants. The instruments used were: bio sociodemographic questionnaire, Mental Health Continuum - Short Form, Dispositional Hope Scale, Acculturation Measures and Meaning of Life Questionnaire. In general, only sociocultural adaptation showed a positive predictive relationship with all types of well-being studied, nonetheless this measure presented a negative predictive relationship regarding the presence of meaning in life. Psychological adaptation was predictively and positively related only to SWB. The perception of cultural distance negatively affected SoWB. The presence of meaning was also negatively predicted by the type of immigration and age. The search for meaning was negatively predicted only by income. The results are important for a better understanding of factors that influence the experience of immigrants in Brazil. (AU)

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a relação preditiva de variáveis sociodemográficas, adaptação cultural e esperança sobre o bem-estar geral (BEG), subjetivo (BES), social (BESo) e psicológico (BEP) e no sentido de vida. Os participantes consistiram em 108 imigrantes. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: questionário biossociodemográfico, Mental Health Continuum - Short Form, Escala de Esperança, Acculturation Measures e Questionário de Sentido de Vida. De forma geral, apenas a adaptação sociocultural apresentou relação preditiva positiva com todos os tipos de bem-estar estudados, além de uma relação preditiva negativa com a presença de sentido de vida. A adaptação psicológica relacionou-se preditiva e positivamente apenas com BES. A percepção de distância cultural afetou negativamente BESo. A presença de sentido de vida foi negativamente predita pelo tipo de imigração e idade. A busca por sentido foi negativamente predita pela renda. Os resultados são importantes para a melhor compreensão de fatores que influenciam a vivência de imigrantes no Brasil. (AU)

El presente estudio objetivó evaluar la relación predictiva de variables sociodemográficas, adaptación cultural y esperanza sobre el bienestar general (BEG), subjetivo (BES), social (BESo) y psicológico (BEP) y en el sentido de la vida. Participaron 108 inmigrantes. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: cuestionario biossociodemográfico, Mental Health Continuum - Short Form, Escala de Esperanza, Acculturation Measures y Cuestionario de Sentido de la Vida. En general, solo la adaptación sociocultural mostró una relación predictiva positiva con todos los tipos de bienestar estudiados, además de una relación predictiva negativa con la presencia de sentido de vida. La adaptación psicológica solamente se relaciona de manera predictiva y positiva con el BES. La percepción de distancia cultural afectó negativamente al BESo. La presencia de sentido de vida fue predicha negativamente por el tipo de inmigración y edad. La búsqueda por sentido fue predicha negativamente por los ingresos. Los resultados son importantes para una mejor comprensión de los factores que influyen en la experiencia de los inmigrantes en Brasil. (AU)

Is the General Self-Efficacy Scale a Reliable Measure to be used in Cross-Cultural Studies? Results from Brazil, Germany and Colombia.

This study evaluated cross-cultural measurement invariance for the General Self-efficacy Scale (GSES) in a large Brazilian (N = 2.394) and representative German (N = 2.046) and Colombian (N = 1.500) samples. Initially, multiple-indicators multiple-causes (MIMIC) analyses showed that sex and age were biasing items responses on the total sample (2 and 10 items, respectively). After controlling for these two covariates, a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) was employed. Configural invariance was attested. However, metric invariance was not supported for five items, in a total of 10, and scalar invariance was not supported for all items. We also evaluated the differences between the latent scores estimated by two models: MIMIC and MGCFA unconstraining the non-equivalent parameters across countries. The average difference was equal to |.07| on the estimation of the latent scores, and 22.8% of the scores were biased in at least .10 standardized points. Bias effects were above the mean for the German group, which the average difference was equal to |.09|, and 33.7% of the scores were biased in at least .10. In synthesis, the GSES did not provide evidence of measurement invariance to be employed in this cross-cultural study. More than that, our results showed that even when controlling for sex and age effects, the absence of control on items parameters in the MGCFA analyses across countries would implicate in bias of the latent scores estimation, with a higher effect for the German population.

How Search for Meaning Interacts with Complex Categories of Meaning in Life and Subjective Well-Being?

This study sought to assess how the search for meaning interacts with crisis of meaning and with different categories of meaning in life (meaningfulness, crisis of meaning, existential indifference, and existential conflict). Furthermore, the moderation role of search for meaning between the relation of categories of meaning and subjective well-being (SWB) was also evaluated. Participants included 3,034 subjects (63.9% women) ranging in age from 18 to 91 (M = 33.90; SD = 15.01) years old from 22 Brazilian states. Zero-order correlations and a factorial MANOVA were implemented. Positive low correlations were found for search for meaning and crisis of meaning (r = .258; p < .001). Search for meaning presented a small-effect size moderation effect on the relation of the different categories of meaning with subjective happiness, F(6, 3008) = 2.698, p < .05; η2 = .004, but not for satisfaction with life, F(6, 3008) = .935, p = .47; η2 = .002. The differences on the levels of subjective happiness of those inserted in existential indifferent and conflicting categories differ depending on the levels of search for meaning. Further directions for future studies are proposed.

Relações entre Burnout, traços de personalidade e variáveis sociodemográficas em trabalhadores brasileiros / Relationship between Burnout, personality traits and sociodemographic variables in Brazilian workers / Relaciones entre Burnout, rasgos de personalidad y variables sociodemográficas en trabajadores brasileños

O Burnout é caracterizado pela exaustão emocional, despersonalização e baixa realização no trabalho. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar as relações entre variáveis sociodemográficas e traços de personalidade, segundo o modelo dos Cinco Grandes Fatores, no desfecho da síndrome. Os seguintes questionários: sociodemográfico, Inventário de Burnout no Trabalho e Marcadores Reduzidos de Personalidade foram respondidos, em plataforma on-line, por 343 profissionais brasileiros do setor de serviços (75,50% mulheres, n = 259) atuantes nas áreas da saúde, educação, serviços administrativos, segurança, bancários e atendimento ao público (e.g., telemarketing, call centers). Os resultados não apontam para relações estatisticamente significativas entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e o Burnout. Os traços de personalidade desempenharam relação preditiva mais relevante com os três fatores do Burnout, sendo o Neuroticismo o maior preditor. A partir dos dados, pode-se dizer que os recursos pessoais podem exercer um importante papel no desenvolvimento do Burnout, com especial atenção ao Neuroticismo. (AU)

Burnout is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment at work. The objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic variables and personality traits, according to the Big Five theory, in the outcome of the syndrome. The sociodemographic questionnaire, the Work Burnout Inventory and the Reduced Personality Markers were answered in an online platform by 343 Brazilian professionals from the service sector (75.50% women, n = 259), working in the areas of health, education, administrative services, security, banking and customer service (e.g. telemarketing, call centers). The results do not point to a statistically significant relationship between sociodemographic variables and burnout. Personality traits had a more predictive relationship with the three factors of burnout, which Neuroticism was the most important predictor. Personal resources, especially Neuroticism, can play an important role in the development of burnout. (AU)

El burnout se caracteriza por el agotamiento emocional, la despersonalización y la reducción de la realización en el trabajo. El objetivo de esta investigación fue investigar las relaciones entre variables sociodemográficas y rasgos de personalidad, según el modelo de los Cinco Grandes Factores, en el desenlace del síndrome. El cuestionario sociodemográfico, el Inventario de Burnout en el Trabajo y los Marcadores Reducidos de la Personalidad fueron contestados, en una plataforma digital, por 343 profesionales brasileños (75,50% mujeres, n = 259) en el sector de servicios (p. ej., áreas de salud, educación, seguridad). Los resultados no apuntan a una relación estadísticamente significativa entre las variables sociodemográficas y el burnout. Los rasgos de personalidad desempeñaron relación predictiva más relevante con los tres factores del burnout, siendo el Neuroticismo el principal predictor. Fue observado que los recursos personales pueden desempeñar un importante papel en el desarrollo del burnout, con especial atención al Neuroticismo. (AU)

Apoio social, resiliência, estresse de minorias e saúde mental de mulheres lésbicas e bissexuais / Social support, resilience, minority stress, and mental health outcomes in lesbian and bisexual women / Apoyo social, resiliencia, estrés de minorías y salud mental de mujeres lesbianas y bisexuales

Este estudo buscou avaliar os efeitos de moderação do apoio social e da resiliência na relação entre o Estresse de Minorias (EM) e desfechos de saúde mental. Participaram desse estudo 337 mulheres, sendo 42,43% lésbicas (n = 143) e 57,57% bissexuais (n = 194), maiores de 18 anos (M = 26 anos; DP = 17,3). As participantes responderam escalas de homofobia internalizada, vitimização, revelação da orientação sexual, felicidade subjetiva, satisfação com a vida, depressão, ansiedade e estresse, apoio social e resiliência. Foi realizada uma modelagem por equações estruturais para verificar o impacto dos estressores de minorias nas variáveis de bem-estar (BES) e psicopatologia (PSP), além de testar se apoio social e resiliência moderavam essas relações. Os resultados demonstraram que a resiliência moderou a relação entre vitimização e psicopatologia. Implicações clínicas são apontadas ao longo do artigo. (AU)

This study aimed to evaluate the moderating effects of social support and resilience in the relationship between Minority Stress (MS) and mental health outcomes. A total of 337 women over 18 years of age (M = 26 years, SD = 17.3) participated in this study, including 42.43% lesbian, (n = 143) and 57.57% bisexual women (n = 194). The participants responded to scales that assessed internalized homophobia, victimization, disclosure of sexual orientation, subjective happiness, life satisfaction, depression, anxiety and stress, social support, and resilience. Structural equation modeling was performed to verify the impact of minority stressors on the well-being and psychopathology variables and to test whether social support and resilience moderated these associations. Results showed that resilience moderated the relationship between victimization and psychopathology. Clinical implications are discussed throughout the article. (AU)

Este estudio buscó evaluar los efectos de moderación de apoyo social y resiliencia en la relación entre el Estrés de Mínorías e indicadores de salud mental. En este estudio participaron 337 mujeres, siendo 42,43% lesbianas (n = 143) y 57,57% bisexuales (n = 194), mayores de 18 años de edad (M = 26 años, DP = 17,3). Los participantes respondieron escalas de homofobia internalizada, victimización, revelación de orientación sexual, felicidad subjetiva, satisfacción con la vida, depresión, ansiedad y estrés, apoyo social y resiliencia. Se realizó el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para verificar el impacto de los estresores de minorías en las variables de bienestar (BES) y psicopatología (PSP), además de testar si el apoyo social y la resiliencia moderaban estas relaciones. Los resultados demostraron que la resiliencia modera la relacción entre victimización y psicopatología. Implicaciones clínicas son señaladas a lo largo del artículo. (AU)

Perspectiva temporal futura: Teorias, construtos e instrumentos / Future time perspective: Theories, constructs, and instruments / Perspectiva temporal futura: teorías, constructos y instrumentos

O objetivo deste estudo teórico é apresentar as principais teorias, construtos e instrumentos utilizados na literatura internacional sobre perspectiva temporal futura (PTF). A revisão indicou dois tipos de abordagens teóricas. As abordagens atemáticas destacam uma tendência geral que orienta processos psicológicos associados ao futuro, de modo a investigar a PTF com escalas psicométricas cujos itens não se associam a conteúdos específicos. As abordagens temáticas enfocam as antecipações do futuro psicológico no presente e investigam as representações de futuro e os seus aspectos cognitivos, dinâmicos, afetivos e comportamentais. Os métodos de avaliação incluem escalas psicométricas associadas a domínios da vida ou instrumentos em que o conteúdo da PTF é listado de modo indutivo. As duas abordagens não são excludentes, mas complementares.

This theoretical study presents the main theories, constructs, and instruments used in international literature on future temporal perspective (FTP). The review indicated two theoretical approaches about the theme. The athematic approaches highlight a general tendency that guides psychological processes associated with future, in order to investigate FTP with psychometric scales with items not associated with specific contents. The thematic approaches focus on the anticipations of psychological future in present and investigate future representations and their cognitive, dynamic, affective, and behavioral aspects. Assessment methods include psychometric scales associated with life domains or instruments in which FTP content is listed inductively. The two approaches are not exclusive, but complementary.

El objetivo de este estudio teórico es presentar las principales teorías, constructos e instrumentos utilizados en la literatura internacional sobre perspectiva temporal futura (PTF). La revisión indicó dos tipos de enfoques teóricos. Los enfoques atemáticos destacan una tendencia general que orienta procesos psicológicos asociados al futuro, de modo a investigar la PTF con escalas psicométricas cuyos ítems no se asocian a contenidos específicos. Los enfoques temáticos enfocan las anticipaciones del futuro psicológico en el presente e investigan las representaciones de futuro y sus aspectos cognitivos, dinámicos, afectivos y comportamentales. Los métodos de evaluación incluyen escalas psicométricas asociadas a ámbitos de la vida o instrumentos en los que el contenido de la PTF se muestra de forma inductiva. Los dos enfoques no son excluyentes, sino complementarios.

Inventário de Adiamento de Gratificação (DGI-35): propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira / The 35-Item Delaying Gratification Inventory (DGI-35): psychometric properties of the Brazilian version / Inventario de Aplazamiento de Bonificación (DGI-35): propiedades psicométricas de la versión brasileña

O Inventário de Adiamento de Gratificação (DGI-35) foi desenvolvido para avaliar os diferentes níveis de adiamento de gratificação presentes na população geral. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar as propriedades psicométricas do DGI-35 para a população brasileira e evidências de validade convergente com a Escala de Impulsividade de Barratt (BIS-11). Participaram 405 brasileiros (61,2% mulheres), com idades entre 18 e 46 anos (M = 22,32, DP = 4,78). Foram conduzidas análises fatoriais exploratórias e confirmatórias com vistas a avaliar a estrutura interna do instrumento. Dos cinco fatores originais, quatro tiveram estrutura interna semelhante à versão original, exceto o fator "Físico" que não se ajustou ao modelo, levando a criação de uma alternativa de 28 itens à escala original (DGI-28), que apresentou adequados índices de ajuste. Conforme esperado, o escore global da DGI-28, bem como os seus fatores estiveram negativamente relacionados ao escore global da BIS-11. (AU)

The Delaying Gratification Inventory (DGI-35) was developed to evaluate different levels of gratification delaying in the general population. The purpose of this study was to present the psychometrics properties of the DGI-35 in the Brazilian population and evidence of convergent validity with the Barrat Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11). A total of 405 participants were selected (61.2% women) aged between 18 and 46 years (M = 22.32, SD = 4.78). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to evaluate the internal structure of the instrument. Four out of five original factors showed identical consistency, except for the "Physical" factor that did not fit the model, leading to the creation of an alternative of 28 items to the original scale (DGI-28), which presented good fit indices. As expected, the global score of the DGI-28, as well as its factors were negatively correlated to the global score of the BIS-11. (AU)

El Inventario de Aplazamiento de Bonificación (DGI-35) fue desarrollado para evaluar los diferentes niveles de prórrogas de bonificación presentes en la población general. El objetivo de este estudio fue presentar las propiedades psicométricas del DGI-35 para la población brasileña y evidencias de validez convergentes con la Escala de Impulsividad de Barratt (BIS-11). Participaron 405 brasileños (61,2% mujeres) con edades entre 18 y 46 años (M = 22,32, DE = 4,78). Fueron realizados análisis factorial confirmatoria y exploratorio que evaluaron la estructura interna del instrumento. De los cinco factores originales, cuatro tuvieron estructura interna semejante a la versión original, excepto el factor "Físico" que no se ajustó al modelo, creándose una alternativa de 28 ítems (DGI-28) a la escala original, la cual presentó índices de ajuste adecuados. Como se esperaba, la puntuación global de la DGI-28, así como sus factores estuvieron negativamente relacionados con la puntuación global de la BIS-11. (AU)

Evidências de Validade da Escala Indicadores das Características do Ambiente Organizacional (ICAO) / Evidence of Validity of the Indicator for Characteristics of the Organizational Environment Scale (ICOES) / Evidencias de validez de la Escala Indicadores de las Características del Entorno Organizacional (ICEO)

As evidências de validade das escalas de Indicadores das Características do Ambiente Organizacional (ICAO) nas versões longa (35 itens) e breve (25 itens) foram avaliadas dentro do contexto brasileiro. A pesquisa utilizou duas amostras, sendo que a primeira foi composta por 1.325 profissionais (63,8%, sexo feminino), com idade média de 39,9 anos (DP = 11,9). A segunda amostra foi formada por 559 profissionais (55,1% sexo feminino) com idade média de 43,5 anos (DP = 12). A análise fatorial confirmatória demonstrou que a solução de sete fatores de primeira ordem se constitui como uma solução adequada para as duas versões da ICAO. A auto-eficácia ocupacional, engajamento no trabalho e sentido do trabalho apresentaram relações positivas com os recursos do trabalho, porém, negativas com a demanda. Os resultados sugerem o uso da ICAO-25 em detrimento da ICAO-35, devido aos índices de ajustes superiores da ICAO-25, assim como pela brevidade da respectiva escala de indicadores.

The evidence of validity of the Indicators for Characteristics of the Organizational Environment Scale (ICOES) in the long (35 items) and short (25 items) versions were evaluated for the Brazilian context. The survey consisted of two samples, the first being 1,325 professionals (63.8%, female), with an average age of 39.9 years (SD = 11.9). The second sample was composed of 559 professionals (55.1% female) with an average age of 43.5 years (SD = 12). Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the first-order seven-factor solution is adequate for both versions of the ICOES. Occupational self-efficacy, work engagement, and meaning of the work showed positive relationships with job resources, and negative with demand. The results suggest the use of ICOES-25 to the detriment of ICOES-35, due to the superior adjustment indices of ICOES-25, as well as the brevity of the scale.

La evidencia de validez de las escalas del Indicadores de las Características del Entorno Organizacional (ICEO) en las versiones larga (35 ítems) y corta (25 ítems) fueron investigadas dentro del contexto brasileño. La encuesta utilizó dos muestras, la primera fue composta 1.325 profesionales (63,8%, mujeres), con una edad promedio de 39,9 años (DP = 11,9). La segunda se formó de 559 profesionales (55,1% mujeres) con una edad media de 43,5 años (DP = 12). El análisis factorial confirmatorio demostró que la solución de siete factores de primer orden es una solución adecuada para ambas versiones de la ICEO. La auto eficacia ocupacional, entusiasmo por el trabajo y sentido del trabajo mostraron relaciones positivas con los recursos de trabajo, sin embargo, negativas con la demanda. Los resultados sugieren el uso de ICAO-25 en detrimento de ICAO-35, debido a los mejores índices de ajuste de ICAO-25, así como a la brevedad de la escala de indicadores.

Protocolo para avaliar o estresse de minoria em lésbicas, gays e bissexuais / Protocol to evaluate stress of minority in lesbians, gays and bisexuals / Protocolo para evaluar el estrés de minoria en lésbicas, gays y bisexuales

O modelo do Estresse de Minoria (EM) propõe a existência de estressores específicos que levam pessoas lésbicas, gays e bissexuais (LGB) à posição de maior vulnerabilidade social. O EM é composto por homonegatividade internalizada, a ocultação da sexualidade e as experiências de estigma. Embora o modelo tenha recebido suporte empírico, não há instrumentos adaptados para sua avaliação no contexto brasileiro. Portanto, este estudo objetiva a adaptação transcultural e a produção de evidências de validade para o contexto brasileiro de um protocolo para avaliação do EM em LGBs (PEM-LGB-BR). A amostra foi de 1451 participantes que responderam a Escala de Homonegatividade Internalizada, a Escala de Revelação da Sexualidade e a Escala de Experiências de Estigma. As análises fatoriais exploratórias e confirmatórias sugerem a estrutura de três fatores do PEM-LGB-BR como a mais adequada. Tal resultado é coerente com a teoria, tornando o protocolo válido para ser utilizado no contexto brasileiro. (AU)

The Minority Stress (MS) model proposes the existence of specific stressors that make lesbian, gay and bisexual people (LGB) more socially vulnerable. MS is composed of internalized homonegativity, concealment of sexuality, and stigma experiences. Although the model has received empirical support, there are no instruments adapted for its assessment in the Brazilian context. Therefore, this study aimed to cross-culturally adapt and assess validity evidences for the Brazilian context of a protocol for the assessment of MS in LGBs (PEM-LGB-BR). The sample consisted of 1451 participants who answered the Internalized Homonegativity Scale, the Outness Inventory, and the Stigma Experience Scale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggest the three-factor structure of PEM-LGB-BR as the most adequate. This result is consistent with the theory, making the protocol valid for use in the Brazilian context. (AU)

El modelo de Estrés de Minoría (EM) propone la existencia de estresores específicos que llevan a personas lesbianas, gays y bisexuales (LGB) a posiciones de mayor vulnerabilidad social. El EM se compone de homonegatividad internalizada, ocultamiento de sexualidad y experiencias de estigma. Aunque el modelo haya recibido soporte empírico, no hay instrumentos adaptados para su evaluación en el contexto brasileño. Por lo tanto, este estudio tiene por objetivo la adaptación transcultural y producción de evidencias de validez en el contexto brasileño de un protocolo para evaluación del EM en LGBs (PEM-LGB-BR). La muestra fue de 1451 participantes que respondieron la Escala de Homonegatividad Internalizada, Escala de Revelación de Sexualidad, y Escala de Experiencias de Estigma. Los análisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios sugieren la estructura de tres factores del PEM-LGB-BR como la más adecuada. Este resultado es coherente con la teoría, tornando el protocolo válido para ser utilizado en el contexto brasileño. (AU)