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Background: During ultrasonic scaling, the harbored microorganisms in the oral cavity get aerosolized, which have important impacts on air quality and can cause a serious health threat to the clinician, patients, and the surroundings. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate whether preprocedural mouth rinse has any effect on bacterial load in aerosols generated during ultrasonic scaling. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 subjects with chronic periodontitis were selected and randomly grouped into four comprising twenty in each. The groups were based on the use of preprocedural mouth rinse: no rinse group (control) (A), and test groups with preprocedural mouth rinse with water (B), 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate (C), and herbal mouthwash (D). The aerosol produced during ultrasonic scaling was collected on blood agar plates positioned at the chest area of patients, operators, and assistants. Aerosol collected in the operatory before the procedure was considered as baseline. Colonies on the blood agar plates were counted after incubating at 37°C for 24 h. Pairwise comparisons involving positions and mouth rinses on microbial colonies were conducted using independent sample t-test and Tukey's test for post hoc analysis considering 0.05 as the significance level. Results: Microbial colonies were significantly reduced with chlorhexidine gluconate compared to that of others (P < 0.001), followed by herbal mouthwash and water. Again, microbial colonies were highest at the chest area of the operator and lowest at the chest area of the assistant. Conclusions: 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate is superior in reducing the microbial load in aerosols produced during ultrasonic scaling.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Instrumentation on tooth surface for debridement of hard and soft debris forms the basis of periodontal therapy. This involves periodic removal of accumulated material using different methods of instrumentation. An ideal instrument should eliminate all the deposits from the root surfaces with no or minimal alteration of the natural morphology. AIM: To compare the root surface roughness after root planing performed with gracey curette and by ultrasonic scalers (Satelec P-5 Booster) set at different power modes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The root surface roughness and its surface microtopography resulting from the use of Gracey curette, ultrasonic instrument at low, medium and high power setting on 35 healthy premolars extracted for orthodontic treatment purpose were examined using Optical Profilometer and the surface topography was assessed using Field Emission Microscope. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to observe the variance in a particular variable is partitioned into components attributable to different sources of variation. Duncan multiple range tests were used to determine whether three or more means differ significantly. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mean roughness was found to be the highest in group where Scaling and Root Planing (SRP) was performed using ultrasonic scaler at low power mode (3.03±1.54 µm) whereas the lowest surface roughness was seen on the samples where SRP was performed using ultrasonic scaler at medium power mode. The surface roughness in group where SRP was performed with ultrasonic scaler at high power mode (2.22±0.74µm) was found to be similar to that of group in which root planing was carried out using curette (2.24±1.71µm).
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Recent studies suggest that chronic periodontitis can lead to a decrease in levels of red blood cell (RBC) and hemoglobin concentration. Smoking is an established risk factor for periodontitis. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoking on the various parameters of RBC in the subjects with chronic periodontitis. METHODS: A total of 77 males with chronic periodontitis were divided into 38 nonsmokers (group I) and 39 current smokers (group II). Clinical parameters recorded were probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level. Laboratory blood investigations included hemoglobin concentration, RBC count, packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. RESULTS: In group II probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were significantly higher than in group I. The RBC count, hemoglobin concentration, and packed cell volume were significantly lower in group II compared to group I. While the mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were comparable in both the groups. CONCLUSION: Smoking may have an effect on levels of various RBC parameters in patients with chronic periodontitis.