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1.
Br J Biomed Sci ; 68(3): 126-30, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21950204

RESUMO

The incidence of hospital-acquired infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is rising worldwide. Rapid identification of MRSA carriers is an important step in reducing the risk of transmission to other patients. Molecular methods are increasingly popular but are technically demanding and expensive. This study assesses the modification of one of the commercially available latex agglutination tests (Mastalex-MRSA) for the identification of penicillin-binding protein 2' on known strains of MRSA as well as other organisms identified from chromogenic agar plates. A total of 3050 patients with unknown MRSA status were processed through the routine laboratory during the investigation period and 73 of these were presumptive positive following overnight incubation. Of 70 patients who could be evaluated, 32 (43.8%) specimens would be suitable for use with the kit directly from overnight incubation on chromogenic agar, and the other 38 (52.1%) would be suitable following four hours' incubation on blood agar. The cost of one positive MRSA test with the inclusion of this test is Euro 15.15 compared with published reports of Euro 35.00 for a commercial polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. This protocol would allow the reporting of presumptive positive MRSA results approximately 24 hours earlier than currently achieved.


Assuntos
Programas de Rastreamento , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas de Ligação às Penicilinas/análise , Infecções Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico , Humanos , Testes de Fixação do Látex/economia , Programas de Rastreamento/economia
2.
J Med Microbiol ; 54(Pt 3): 299-303, 2005 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15713615

RESUMO

Lactobacillus fermentum is a Gram-positive bacterium that is associated with active caries lesions. Methods for identifying Lactobacillus species traditionally have been based upon culture methods coupled with biochemical tests, which are generally unreliable. The aim of this study was to develop a species-specific PCR assay for the direct detection of L. fermentum in oral clinical samples. PCR primers specific for L. fermentum were identified by alignment of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and selection of sequences specific for L. fermentum at their 3' ends. PCR positivity for L. fermentum DNA was indicated by amplification of a 337 bp product. The primers were shown to be specific for L. fermentum DNA, since no PCR product was obtained when genomic DNA from a wide range of other oral bacteria, including closely related Lactobacillus species, were used as test species. The PCR assay was then used in an attempt to identify L. fermentum DNA in supragingival plaque samples and in pus aspirates from subjects with acute dento-alveolar abscesses. Four out of 70 (5.7 %) supragingival plaque samples analysed were positive for the presence of L. fermentum DNA while none of the 19 pus samples analysed was positive for L. fermentum DNA. This PCR assay provides a more rapid, specific and sensitive alternative to conventional culture methods for the identification of L. fermentum in clinical specimens.


Assuntos
DNA Bacteriano/análise , Lactobacillus/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , DNA Ribossômico/análise , Placa Dentária/microbiologia , Humanos , Lactobacillus/genética , Abscesso Periapical/microbiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/normas , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Especificidade da Espécie
3.
Science ; 187(4176): 490, 1975 Feb 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17769148
5.
Brain Res ; 665(2): 315-8, 1994 Dec 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7895069

RESUMO

Cerebral blood flow and glucose utilization were measured in rat neocortex, hippocampus and striatum following methylenedioxymethamphetamine injection (5 mg/kg, i.v.), using the tracers [14C]iodoantipyrine and [14C]2-deoxyglucose, respectively. In control rats, blood flow was coupled to glucose metabolism, but in methylenedioxymethamphetamine-treated rats, marked hyperperfusion was measured in frontal and parietal cortex with no change in glucose use. This suggests that methylenedioxymethamphetamine has the potential to disrupt cerebrovascular control.


Assuntos
Córtex Cerebral/irrigação sanguínea , Hiperemia/induzido quimicamente , N-Metil-3,4-Metilenodioxianfetamina , Animais , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Circulação Cerebrovascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Glucose/metabolismo , Masculino , Atividade Motora/efeitos dos fármacos , N-Metil-3,4-Metilenodioxianfetamina/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Fatores de Tempo , Distribuição Tecidual
6.
Clin Lab ; 46(5-6): 251-4, 2000.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10853232

RESUMO

Some studies have suggested an association between the mucocutaneous disorder lichen planus and chronic infection with hepatitis C virus. Most of these studies have been based purely on serological markers. The present study sought to detect hepatitis C virus RNA in both peripheral blood and in biopsy material collected from oral mucosal lesions. Twenty-seven patients were studied, six with classical lichen planus and 21 with oral lichenoid reactions. The diagnoses were confirmed by histopathological examination. Reverse transcription PCR was employed to detect hepatitis C virus RNA in the blood specimens. The same method was used to detect hepatitis C virus RNA in lesional tissue, following RNA extraction from sections of the biopsies. The virus was not detected in any of the paired blood and tissue specimens examined. It is concluded that hepatitis C virus is not commonly associated with oral lichen planus or lichenoid reactions in Scotland.


Assuntos
Hepacivirus/genética , Erupções Liquenoides/virologia , Biópsia , Humanos , Líquen Plano Bucal/virologia , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Mucosa Bucal/virologia , RNA Viral/análise
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