RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Since 2015/16 the UK seasonal influenza immunization programme has included children aged 5 and 6 years. In the South West of England school-based providers, GPs or community pharmacies were commissioned to deliver the vaccine depending on the locality. We aimed to assess variation in vaccine uptake in relation to the type of commissioned provider, and levels of socioeconomic deprivation. METHODS: Data from the South West of England (2015-16 season) were analysed using multilevel logistic regression to assess variation in vaccine uptake by type of commissioned provider, allowing for clustering of children within delivery sites. RESULTS: Overall uptake in 5 and 6 year olds was 34.3% (37 555/109 404). Vaccine uptake was highest when commissioned through school-based programmes 50.2% (9983/19 867) and lowest when commissioned through pharmacies, 23.1% (4269/18 479). Delivery through schools resulted in less variation by site and equal uptake across age groups, in contrast to GP and pharmacy delivery for which uptake was lower among 6 year olds. Vaccine uptake decreased with increasing levels of deprivation across all types of commissioned provider. CONCLUSION: School-based programmes achieve the highest and most consistent rates of childhood influenza vaccination. Interventions are still needed to promote more equitable uptake of the childhood influenza vaccine.
Assuntos
Vacinas contra Influenza , Influenza Humana , Criança , Inglaterra , Humanos , Programas de Imunização , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , VacinaçãoRESUMO
Background: The English schools-based human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme is routinely offered to all young people aged 12-13 years. The EDUCATE lesson was developed to overcome barriers to uptake related to unmet information needs by providing young people with information and answering questions they may have about the HPV vaccine. The resource comprises a PowerPoint presentation, interspersed with five short films and a guidance document for professionals delivering the lesson. Adopting public health research into practice is challenging and few papers describe the process. This paper reports the initial use of the EDUCATE resource in schools and the process involved in supporting wider implementation. Study design: Implementation and knowledge mobilisation. Methods: Five secondary schools supported implementation of the EDUCATE resource. Delivery took place during April and December 2022 and was observed in four schools, with feedback obtained from two school staff members and 15 young people. Alongside this, meetings were held with over 80 stakeholders with the aim of identifying possible policy levers to encourage use of the EDUCATE resource, and to enhance understanding of how wider scale and sustained impact can be achieved. Results: Overall, the resource was positively received by school staff and young people engaged well during the lesson. As a result of the stakeholder networking activities, the research team worked with the Personal, Social, Health and Economic (PSHE) Association to adapt the materials to meet their Quality Assessment and incorporate elements, such as more interactive activities, requested during the implementation study. Conclusion: The EDUCATE resource has the potential to change practice by enhancing information provision about the HPV vaccine in schools and supporting young people nationally to make informed decisions. Key learnings from the project include the importance of integrating input from target users at all stages of the research process, pragmatism in relation to evaluation research designs, and incentivising researchers to undertake translation activities through further funding and a greater focus on impact. Together, these can help facilitate the availability of public health resources and their adoption into 'real-world' practice.