RESUMO
We screened serum samples referred to the national reference laboratory in Guatemala that were positive for chikungunya or dengue viruses in June 2015. Co-infection with both viruses was detected by reverse transcription PCR in 46 (32%) of 144 samples. Specimens should be tested for both arboviruses to detect co-infections.
Assuntos
Febre de Chikungunya/epidemiologia , Febre de Chikungunya/virologia , Vírus Chikungunya , Coinfecção/epidemiologia , Vírus da Dengue , Dengue/epidemiologia , Dengue/virologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Febre de Chikungunya/diagnóstico , Febre de Chikungunya/história , Vírus Chikungunya/classificação , Vírus Chikungunya/genética , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Dengue/diagnóstico , Dengue/história , Vírus da Dengue/classificação , Vírus da Dengue/genética , Feminino , Guatemala/epidemiologia , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vigilância da População , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Chikungunya was introduced into the Americas in 2015 causing a pandemic across the continent. Testing during the acute phase of infection relies on qRT-PCR, but available assays have a number of limitations. A qRT-PCR assay specific to the chikungunya E1 gene was designed using sequence data from contemporary strains. A probit analysis established the 95% limit of detection as 19.6 copies per reaction. We compared the assay with a US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) chikungunya qRT-PCR as the reference standard. The assay had a sensitivity and specificity of 98.4% and 100% in 90 samples retrospectively collected in Guatemala. In a further 74 febrile samples prospectively collected in Ecuador and Guatemala the test had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 98.4%, respectively. Sequencing the nsp4 gene of the discordant positive sample indicated the presence of chikungunya RNA, and mismatches to the primer binding sites of the CDC assay.