RESUMO
A key for three putative species apparently found in three geographic areas, i.e. Coregonus clupeoides (in Scotland), Coregonus stigmaticus (in England), and Coregonus pennantii (in Wales) given in a recent review was tested quantitatively using 544 individuals from nine populations. The classification success of the key was very low (27%). It was concluded that there is currently no robust evidence for the recognition of the three putative species. Furthermore, the use of phenotypic characters alone to distinguish putative species in postglacial fish species such as those of the genus Coregonus that show homoplasy in many of these traits is questioned. In the absence of further evidence, it was concluded that a single highly variable species best describes the pattern of phenotypic variation in these U.K. populations. On this basis it is argued that taxonomic subdivision of U.K. European coregonids is inappropriate and that Coregonus lavaretus should prevail as the species name applicable to all populations.
Assuntos
Especiação Genética , Fenótipo , Salmonidae/classificação , Animais , Inglaterra , Variação Genética , Salmonidae/genética , Escócia , País de GalesAssuntos
Equipamentos Ortopédicos , Tecnologia Assistiva , Humanos , Reabilitação , Andadores , Cadeiras de RodasRESUMO
In cerebral palsy, hand function may be severely curtailed. In some cases, the sole operable device may be a single switch of special design. In such cases, electronic scanning, actuation, and error correction may be necessary. This paper describes such a system, which is in use for typing and for control of an electric wheelchair.
Assuntos
Paralisia Cerebral , Cadeiras de Rodas , Redação , Criança , Feminino , HumanosRESUMO
This controller addresses the problem of unwanted curved-path operation in electric wheelchairs. The problem results in the vehicle following a slightly curved path, caused by variations in wheel loading, motor power, or terrain. This simple control system senses the speeds of the wheels and applies corrections to keep them equal. A simple electric conversion for manual wheelchairs is also shown.
Assuntos
Cadeiras de Rodas , EletrônicaRESUMO
In rehabilitation, the value of measurements of the length of a patient's pace has been established. Various methods of performing these measurements have been devised. The method to be described is of moderate cost but provides an immediate digital readout. The user does not carry cables, light sources, power supplies, etc., and does not wear special shoes.