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OBJECTIVE: Patients with cancer often undergo multiple extended treatments that decrease their quality of life. However, the quality of life of women with breast cancer after they undergo treatment remains underexplored in Brazil. Therefore, this study determined sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors related to the post-treatment quality of life of women with breast cancer. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 101 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2014 and 2016 and treated at a Brazilian Oncology Reference Service. Data were collected from them using face-to-face surveys. Quality of life was evaluated using the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and EORTC Breast Cancer-specific Quality of Life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-BR23). The data collected were analyzed using Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: The median score on the global health, functional, and symptom scales of the EORTC QLQ-C30 was 75.00 (Interquartile range=33.33), 75.99 (Standard deviation [SD]=19.26), and 19.67 (SD=16.91), respectively. The mean score on the functional and symptom scales of the EORTC QLQ-BR23 was 61.89 (SD=17.21) and 20.12 (SD=16.94), respectively. Furthermore, higher post-treatment quality of life was found to be associated with being aged 50 or more, being Black, having eight or more years of education, having a partner, having a paying job, receiving treatment from the private healthcare system, having a higher income, living in the municipality where healthcare services are availed, engaging in physical activity, not smoking, being more religious, having more social support, not being overweight, having no comorbidities, and undergoing lumpectomy. CONCLUSION: Sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors significantly impact the quality of life of women who undergo breast cancer treatment. Implementing interventions that improve health and reducing inequalities in the access to healthcare services can improve the quality of life of these patients. BACKGROUND: Sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors impact the quality of life of breast cancer survivors. BACKGROUND: Breast cancer therapy may affect future perspectives and emotional, cognitive, and sexual function. BACKGROUND: Some aspects of quality of life still require attention from health professionals. BACKGROUND: Higher post-treatment quality of life of women with breast cancer is linked to being aged 50 or more, being Black, having 8 or more years of education, having a partner, having a paying job, receiving care from private healthcare, having a high per capita income, residing in the municipality where the service is availed, engaging in physical activity, not smoking, greater religiosity, having more social support, having a normal weight, having no comorbidities, and undergoing lumpectomy.
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Neoplasias da Mama , Qualidade de Vida , Humanos , Feminino , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , SobreviventesRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective Patients with cancer often undergo multiple extended treatments that decrease their quality of life. However, the quality of life of women with breast cancer after they undergo treatment remains underexplored in Brazil. Therefore, this study determined sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors related to the post-treatment quality of life of women with breast cancer. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 101 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2014 and 2016 and treated at a Brazilian Oncology Reference Service. Data were collected from them using face-to-face surveys. Quality of life was evaluated using the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and EORTC Breast Cancer-specific Quality of Life questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-BR23). The data collected were analyzed using Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results The median score on the global health, functional, and symptom scales of the EORTC QLQ-C30 was 75.00 (Interquartile range=33.33), 75.99 (Standard deviation [SD]=19.26), and 19.67 (SD=16.91), respectively. The mean score on the functional and symptom scales of the EORTC QLQ-BR23 was 61.89 (SD=17.21) and 20.12 (SD=16.94), respectively. Furthermore, higher post-treatment quality of life was found to be associated with being aged 50 or more, being Black, having eight or more years of education, having a partner, having a paying job, receiving treatment from the private healthcare system, having a higher income, living in the municipality where healthcare services are availed, engaging in physical activity, not smoking, being more religious, having more social support, not being overweight, having no comorbidities, and undergoing lumpectomy. Conclusion Sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors significantly impact the quality of life of women who undergo breast cancer treatment. Implementing interventions that improve health and reducing inequalities in the access to healthcare services can improve the quality of life of these patients.
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We aimed to evaluate concurrent use of alcohol and tobacco among hospitalized patients as well as to compare the use of both substances among people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and those with other diagnoses. A cross-sectional study took place in a hospital in Minas Gerais (Brazil). Structured surveys were used to evaluate tobacco and alcohol use. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and chi-square test. We interviewed 972 patients, in which 20.3% were hazardous drinkers and 14.9% tobacco users. Almost half of the smokers (47.6%) were hazardous drinkers, while 15.5% of nonsmokers engaged in harmful consumption of alcohol (p < 0.001). Tobacco use was higher among people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus when compared with patients that did not have an Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome diagnosis (32.1% vs 14.4%, p = 0.009). Our findings showed the association of tobacco use and hazardous drinking among hospitalized patients in Brazil and a higher prevalence of tobacco use among patients living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. These findings can be used to develop smoking cessation interventions that address the comorbidities associated with substance use.
O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a associação do uso de álcool e tabaco entre pacientes internados em um hospital geral e comparar o uso das duas substâncias entre pacientes que vivem com o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana/Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida e outros diagnósticos. Realizou-se um estudo observacional em um hospital público para avaliação do uso de tais substâncias. Entre 972 pacientes, 20,3% fizeram uso prejudicial de álcool e 14,9% de tabaco. Quase metade dos tabagistas (47,6%) fizeram uso prejudicial do álcool, enquanto 15,5% dos não tabagistas relataram uso excessivo da substância (p < 0,001). A porcentagem de fumantes foi significativamente mais alta no grupo de pacientes que vivem com o Virus da Imunodeficiência Humana do que nos demais diagnósticos (32,1% vs 14,4%, p = 0,009). Percebe-se a associação do uso de tabaco e uso prejudicial de álcool entre pacientes hospitalizados e alta prevalência do uso de tabaco entre pacientes que vivem com o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana/Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida. Esses dados podem direcionar o planejamento de intervenções para cessação do consumo de tabaco que consigam direcionar as comorbidades relacionadas ao uso da substância
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HIV , Alcoolismo , Uso de Tabaco , Fumantes , Pacientes InternadosRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the time to diagnosis and treatment for breast cancer and the associated factors, according to the type of care (public vs. private). Methodology: Retrospective cohort study with 477 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2014 and 2016. Data were collected in an oncology service in a municipality in Minas Gerais, in the 2018-2019 period. Analyzes were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox's proportional regression model. Results: The median time to diagnosis was 70 days, being shorter for women who discovered the disease through screening tests and who were diagnosed in early stages of the disease. The median time for treatment was 32 days, which was shorter for women assisted by private health service, with a high level of education and who were diagnosed in early stages. Conclusions: Private care and facilitators of access to breast cancer care were associated with shorter waiting times.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar el tiempo de diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer de mama y los factores asociados, según el tipo de assistência (pública vs. privada). Metodología: Cohorte retrospectiva con 477 mujeres diagnosticadas de cáncer de mama entre 2014-2016. Los datos fueron recolectados en un servicio de oncología de Minas Gerais, en el período 2018-2019. Los análisis se realizaron mediante el método de Kaplan-Meier y el modelo de regresión de Cox. Resultados: Mediana de tiempo para el diagnóstico fue de 70 días - menor para las que descubrieron la enfermedad mediante pruebas de detección y que fueron diagnosticadas en etapas tempranas. Mediana de tiempo para tratamiento fue de 32 días - menor para las atendidas por la red privada, con alto nivel educativo y diagnosticadas en etapas tempranas. Conclusiones: Asistencia en la red privada y facilitadores de acceso a la atención del cáncer de mama asociados a tiempos de espera más cortos.
RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o tempo para o diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer de mama e os fatores associados, segundo o tipo de assistência (pública vs. privada). Métodos: Coorte retrospectiva com 477 mulheres diagnosticadas com câncer de mama entre 2014-2016. Os dados foram coletados em um serviço de oncologia de um município de Minas Gerais, entre 2018-2019. As análises foram realizadas pelo método de Kaplan-Meier e pelo modelo de regressão de Cox. Resultados: O tempo mediano para diagnóstico foi de 70 dias, sendo menor para aquelas que descobriram a doença por exames de rastreamento e diagnosticadas em estádios iniciais. O tempo mediano para o tratamento foi de 32 dias, sendo menor para as mulheres assistidas pela rede privada, com alta escolaridade e diagnosticadas em estádios iniciais. Conclusões: Assistência na rede privada e facilitadores do acesso ao cuidado do câncer de mama associaram-se a menores tempos de espera.
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Abstract Objective The study aimed to characterize the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical profile of women with invasive breast cancer, according to the risk for Hereditary Predisposition Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome in a Brazilian population. Methods This is a retrospective study performed from a hospital-based cohort of 522 women, diagnosed with breast cancer treated at an oncology referral center in the Southeast region of Brazil, between 2014 and 2016. Results Among the 430 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer who composed the study population, 127 (29.5%) were classified as at increased risk for hereditary predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer syndrome. There was a lower level of education in patients at increased risk (34.6%) when compared with those at usual risk (46.0%). Regarding tumor characteristics, women at increased risk had higher percentages of the disease diagnosed at an advanced stage (32.3%), and with tumors > 2cm (63.0%), with increased prevalence for both characteristics, when compared with those at usual risk. Furthermore, we found higher percentages of HG3 (43.3%) and Ki-67 ≥ 25% (64.6%) in women at increased risk, with prevalence being about twice as high in this group. The presence of triple-negative tumors was observed as 25.2% in women at increased risk and 6.0% in women at usual risk, with the prevalence of absence of biomarkers being 2.5 times higher among women in the increased risk group. Conclusion From the clinical criteria routinely used in the diagnosis of breast cancer, the care practice of genetic counseling for patients at increased risk of hereditary breast cancer in contexts such as Brazil is still scarce.
Resumo Objetivo O presente estudo buscou caracterizar o perfil clínico, histológico e imunohistoquímico de mulheres com câncer de mama invasivo segundo o risco para a Síndrome de Predisposição Hereditária ao Câncer de Mama e Ovário em uma população brasileira. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo realizado a partir de uma coorte hospitalar composta por 522 mulheres diagnosticadas com câncer de mama entre 2014 e 2016 assistidas em um centro de referência oncológica localizado na região sudeste brasileira. Resultados Entre as 430 mulheres diagnosticadas com câncer de mama invasivo que compuseram a população de estudo, 127 (29,5%) foram classificadas como de risco aumentado para a síndrome de predisposição hereditária ao câncer de mama e ovário. Verificou-se menor nível de escolaridade nas pacientes com risco aumentado (34,6%) quando comparadas àquelas consideradas como de risco habitual (46,0%). Quanto às características do tumor, as mulheres de risco aumentado apresentaram maiores percentuais de doença diagnosticada em estádio avançado (32,3%) e com tumores > 2cm (63,0%), com prevalência aumentada para ambas as características, quando comparadas àquelas de risco habitual. Ainda nas mulheres de risco aumentado, foram encontrados maiores percentuais de GH3 (43,3%) e Ki-67 ≥ 25% (64,6%), com prevalência cerca de duas vezes maior neste grupo. A presença de tumores triplo-negativos foi observada em 25,2% nas mulheres de risco aumentado e 6,0% nas mulheres de risco habitual, com prevalência de ausência de biomarcadores 2,5 vezes maior entre as mulheres do grupo de risco aumentado. Conclusão A partir dos critérios clínicos rotineiramente utilizados no diagnóstico do câncer de mama, a prática assistencial do aconselhamento genético para as pacientes com risco aumentado de câncer de mama hereditário em contextos como o do Brasil ainda é escarça.
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Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias da Mama , Imuno-Histoquímica , Estudos de Coortes , Síndrome Hereditária de Câncer de Mama e Ovário , Aconselhamento GenéticoRESUMO
Resumo: Aplicativos de smartphones estão sendo desenvolvidos como uma forma complementar ao tratamento do tabagismo. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o conteúdo de aplicativos disponíveis na língua portuguesa em dois sistemas operacionais: Android e iOS. Cinquenta e um aplicativos foram encontrados no iTunes e 600 no Google Play. Foram incluídos na avaliação do conteúdo aqueles aplicativos que tivessem como foco a cessação do tabagismo, com um total de 12 no iOS e 3 no Android. Cada aplicativo foi categorizado por meio da sua abordagem na cessação de tabagismo e pontuado de acordo com o seu nível de aderência às diretrizes de tratamento de tabagismo do Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence. Em relação às categorias, 9 foram classificados como calendário, 8 como informativo, 6 como calculadora, 3 como medidor de cigarros fumados e 1 como hipnose. Os aplicativos apresentaram baixo nível de aderência às diretrizes, com uma média de 12,8. Recomenda-se que os aplicativos disponíveis sejam revisados e que futuros aplicativos sejam desenvolvidos utilizando práticas baseadas em evidência para a cessação do tabagismo.
Resumen: Aplicaciones para smartphones se están desarrollando como un complemento al tratamiento del tabaquismo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el contenido de aplicaciones disponibles en el idioma portugués en dos sistemas operativos: Android y iOS. Cincuenta y un aplicaciones fueron encuentradas en iTunes y 600 en Google Play. Se incluyeron en la evaluación las aplicaciones que se han centrado en dejar de fumar, con un total de 12 en iOS y 3 en Android. Se clasificó cada aplicación de acuerdo a su enfoque para el abandono del hábito de fumar y se anotó de acuerdo con el nivel de adherencia a la guía de tratamiento del Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence. Nueve aplicaciones se clasificaron como calendarios, 8 como herramientas de información, 6 como calculadoras, 3 como seguidores de cigarrillos y 1 como hipnosis. Las aplicaciones mostraron un bajo nivel de adherencia a la guía de tratamiento, con una puntuación media de 12,8. Recomendamos que se revisen las aplicaciones disponibles y que las aplicaciones futuras se desarrollen utilizando prácticas basadas en la evidencia para dejar de fumar.
Abstract: Smartphone apps are being developed as a complement to smoking cessation treatment. The current study aimed to analyze the content of available apps in Portuguese in two operational systems, Android and iOS. Fifty-one apps were found in iTunes and 600 in Google Play. Content evaluation included apps that focused on smoking cessation, with a total of 12 apps in iOS and 3 in Android. Each app was categorized according to its approach to smoking cessation and scored according to level of adherence to the Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence smoking cessation treatment guideline. Nine apps were classified as calendars, 8 as information tools, 6 as calculators, 3 as cigarette trackers, and 1 as hypnosis. The apps showed low level of adherence to the guideline, with a mean score of 12.8. We recommend that the available apps be revised and that future apps be developed using evidence-based practices for smoking cessation.
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Humanos , Tabagismo/reabilitação , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/métodos , Aplicativos Móveis , Smartphone , Autocuidado/instrumentação , Brasil , Prática Clínica Baseada em Evidências , Aplicativos Móveis/classificação , IdiomaRESUMO
Formas inovadoras de tecnologias de comunicação, como a internet e o uso de celular, são cada vez mais utilizadas para ajudar fumantes a parar de fumar. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre o uso de mensagens de celular como forma de intervenção para pessoas que desejam parar de fumar. Pesquisas foram conduzidas nas bases de dados PubMed, Psychinfo, Scielo e Pepsic. Palavras-chave incluíram: ["tobacco use cessation" OR"tobacco use disorder"] AND ["intervention studies" OR "clinical trial" OR "evaluation studies"] AND ["text messaging"]. Os critérios de seleção dos estudos foram: 1) abordarem o tema mensagens de texto de celular para o tratamento do tabagismo; 2) ser um estudo clínico; 3) artigos científicos com textos completos disponíveis em bases de dados e 4) estar nos idiomas português, espanhol ou inglês. Entre os 23 estudos encontrados, sete preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Em seis dos sete estudos encontrados o envio de mensagens de celular foi a intervenção mais eficaz. Intervenções baseadas no envio de mensagens de celular são uma estratégia complementar ao tratamento do tabagismo que podem contribuir para a cessação tabágica. A inclusão de apenas três idiomas foi uma limitação dessa revisão
Innovative forms of communication technologies such as Internet and mobile phone are increasingly being used to provide information and support to smokers who want to quit. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review about the use of mobile text messaging as an intervention for people who want to quit smoking and the possible effects of this intervention on tobacco control. Searches were conducted on PubMed, PsycInfo, Scielo and Pepsic. Search terms included: ["tobacco use cessation" OR "tobacco use disorder"] AND ["interventions studies" OR "clinical trial" OR "evaluation studies"] AND ["text messaging"]. The selection criteria were: 1) addressing the subject of mobile text messages for smoking treatment; 2) being a clinical trial; 3) scientific articles with full text available in databases and 4) being in Portuguese, Spanish or English. Among the 23 studies found, 7 met the inclusion criteria. In 6 of the 7 studies found, sending mobile messages was the most effective intervention. Interventions based on mobile text message can become an important tool to increase prevalence of smoking cessation. The inclusion of only three languages was a limitation of this review
Formas innovadoras de tecnologías de la comunicación, como Internet y el uso del teléfono móvil, se utilizan cada vez más para ayudar a los fumadores a dejar de fumar. El objetivo fue realizar una revisión sistemática el uso de envío de mensajes de textos como una intervención para las personas que desean dejar de fumar. Se realizaron encuestas en las bases de datos PubMed, PsychINFO, Scielo y Pepsic. Palabras clave incluyen: ["tobacco use cessation" OR "tobacco use disorder"] AND ["intervention studies" OR"clinical trial" OR "evaluation studies"] AND ["text messaging"]. Los criterios de selección del estudio fueron: 1) abordar el tema de los mensajes de texto móviles para el tratamiento del tabaquismo; 2) ser un estudio clínico; 3) artículos científicos con texto completo disponible en las bases de datos y 4) estar en los idiomas: portugués, español o inglés. Entre los 23 estudios encontrados, siete cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. En 6 de los 7 estudios encontrados envío de mensajes móviles fue la intervención más eficaz. Intervenciones basadas en el envío de mensajes móviles son una estrategia complementaria para el tratamiento del tabaquismo que puede contribuir a dejar de fumar. La inclusión de sólo tres idiomas fue una limitación de esta revisión.
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Tecnologia , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar/psicologia , Abandono do Uso de Tabaco/psicologia , Envio de Mensagens de Texto , Tabagismo/psicologia , Fumar/psicologia , Telefone Celular/tendências , Fumantes/psicologiaRESUMO
Abstract: Introduction: Web-based interventions for smoking cessation are an innovative strategy to reduce the burden of smoking. Although many web-based interventions are freely available in many languages and have proven to be effective, so far no study has covered in detail the association between depression and smoking. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of depression among users of the Viva sem Tabaco, a web-based intervention for smoking cessation. Method: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. In the internet-based intervention participated 1 433. Inclusion criteria were: being 18 years or older and a smoker; exclusion criteria were: omitting to fill out two questions of the screening depression questionnaire PHQ-2 and having made multiple accesses within a limited time span, characterizing invalid access. At the end, the sample had 461 participants. Participants answered questions related to sociodemographic characteristics, tobacco history, depression (PHQ-2 and PHQ-9), alcohol use, and intervention use. Results: Participants average age was 42.3 years (SD = 12.1). Most participants were female (67%), and 70% were employed during the time of the study. From the total sample, 36.4% of the participants presented depression according to PHQ-2. Being screened with depression was associated with tobacco dependence (OR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.00, 1.20), and associated with not having a job (OR = .53; 95% CI = .29, .97). Discussion and conclusion: Depression may be a factor to be considered in programs that offer support to quit smoking through the internet for Portuguese Speakers.
Resumen: Introducción: Las intervenciones en línea para la interrupción del tabaquismo son una estrategia innovadora para reducir el nivel de consumo de tabaco. Aunque hay muchas intervenciones en línea gratuitas en varios idiomas que han demostrado ser eficaces, ningún estudio ha abarcado detalladamente la asociación entre depresión y tabaquismo. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la prevalencia de depresión entre usuarios de una intervención en línea para dejar de fumar. Método: Se trata de un estudio transversal retrospectivo. 1 433 participantes fueron invitados para participar de la intervención mediada por internet. Los criterios de inclusión fueron tener 18 años o más y ser fumador; los criterios de exclusión fueron no haber marcado dos preguntas del cuestionario de detección de depresión PHQ-2 y haber realizado múltiples accesos dentro de un lapso de tiempo limitado, lo que se caracterizó como un acceso no válido. Los participantes (N = 461) respondieron a preguntas relacionadas con características sociodemográficas, historia del tabaco, depresión (PHQ-2 y PHQ-9), uso de alcohol y uso de la intervención. Resultados: De la muestra total, el 36.4% de los participantes presentaron depresión de acuerdo con el PHQ-2. La depresión se asoció con la dependencia del tabaco (OR = 1.10; 95% IC = 1.00, 1.20) y asociada con no tener un empleo (OR = .53; 95% IC = .29, .97). Discusión y conclusión: La depresión es un factor que se debe considerar en los programas que ofrecen apoyo para dejar de fumar a través de Internet para hablantes de portugués.