[Methods and means for the noninvasive assessment of the cerebral circulation]. / Metody i sredstva neinvazivnoi otsenki mozgovogo krovoobrashcheniia.

The main clinical and diagnostic tasks while studying cerebrovascular diseases have been defined and set on the basis of analysis of the biophysical and pathophysiological factors and parameters that characterize the cerebral circulation in health and disease. The currently available physioengineering methods and means for evaluating cebral hemodynamics. Proposals to design new equipment and to improve the existing one and recommendations how to use them while examining the cerebral circulation in various clinical situations are given.

[Experimental multi-detector computer gamma-tomograph for examining the brain]. / Eksperimental'nyi mnogodetektornyi komp'iuternyi gamma-tomograf dlia issledovaniia golovnogo mozga.

The first Soviet experimental multidetector computer-based gamma tomograph to study brain structures with low-energy gamma-radionuclides is presented. Special attention is paid to the engineering approach, the design and operating principles. It is developed to verify new engineering concepts, to optimize design elements, to test the reconstruction algorithm for tomographic images. Main engineering and design parameters are given.

[Longitudinal radioisotope tomograph]. / Prodol'nyi radioizotopnyi tomograf

To-day the construction of an apparatus for longitudinal emissive tomography has become a problem of great urgency. The designed apparatus, as described herein, is based on the principle of the image superposition method and the results obtained are suggestive of possibilities for its efficient application in diagnosing diseases involving large organs, such as the brain, liver, etc.

[Solid radioactive sources and phantoms for multidetector apparatus used in radionuclide diagnosis]. / Tverdotel'nye radioaktivnye istochniki i fantomy dlia mnogodetektornykh priborov radionuklidnoi diagnostiki.

Reference samples of activity have been designed and manufactured to control the basic technical parameters of radionuclide diagnostic apparatuses. Data on some types of solid long-living gamma-radiation are presented and a procedure to obtain a high uniformity of external radiation from the surface volumetric phantoms is described.

[Evaluation of the functional and clinical qualities of the new GSG-2 dual-sensor gamma-topograph]. / Otsenka funktsional'nykh i klinicheskikh kachestv novogo dvukhdatchikovogo gamma-topografa GSG-2.

A double-sensor gamma-topograph model GSG-2 has been constructed to realize colour shade lining and black-and-white photographic registration of images reflecting spatial distribution of radioactive isotopes introduced to patients for diagnostic purposes. On the ground of trial tests the valuation of functional and clinical qualities of the device is given.

[A trial of the clinical use of the Testascan computerized gamma tomograph in neurosurgical pathology]. / Opyt klinicheskogo ispol'zovaniia komp'iuternogo gamma-tomografa "Testaskan" pri neirokhirurgicheskoi patologii.

The paper outlines the diagnostic potentialities of the first Russian multidetector Testascan gamma-tomograph. With this, three different radio pharmaceuticals (RP) were used; 99mTC-GM PAO for examining cerebral circulatory disorders, 99mTC pertechnetate for visualizing tumor foci, and 99mTC-DTPK for studying impaired cerebral liquor pathway. Regional cerebral blood supply was studied in 78 patients with arterial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations, with stenoses and thromboses of the great arterial trunks, as well in patients with brain injury sequelae and hypophyseal, craniofascial, and cavernous sinus tumors, VIII-neurinomas, meningiomas of the pyramid of the temporal bone. Some 103 patients with various intra- and extracerebral volumetric formations are examined. The impaired cerebral liquor pathways were explored in 27 patients with pathological processes of various genesis. Experience in clinically using the Russian Testascan computer gamma-tomograph in neurosurgical care has shown its high validity in diagnosing various focal processes of tumor and nontumor genesis. Single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) may reveal foci of abnormal elevation or reduction of RP accumulation by showing different anatomically topographic characteristics. SPECT is the most promising in the study of cerebrovascular diseases of various genesis and in the presence of tumors at basal sites.

[Single-photon emission-computed tomography of the head using labelled amines in visualizing the cerebral microcirculation]. / Odnofotonnaia émissionnaia komp'iuternaia tomografiia golovnogo mozga s mechennymi aminami pri vizualizatsii mozgovoi mikrotsirkuliatsii.

The authors presented clinical material on cerebral hemodynamics in patients with neurological pathology in suspected tumor vascular cerebral diseases and craniocerebral traumas. Investigation of cerebral microcirculation was performed using a multidetector single-photon emission tomograph "Testoscan" (USSR) after iv administration of 99mTc-hexamethylpropilene-amyloxine. This radiopharmaceutical is good for the evaluation of cerebral perfusion and gives a clinician rich information on cerebral microcirculation.

[The TESTASCAN single-photon emission multidetector computed gamma tomograph]. / Odnofotonnyi émissionnyi mnogodetektornyi komp'iuternyi gamma-tomograf "TESTASKAN".

A TESTASCAN single-photon emission multidetector gamma tomograph is a special purpose unit designed to investigate RP distribution in the brain. It permits obtaining transversal tomographic images with the resolution of about 10 mm, the thickness of an emitted layer being about 15 mm. The time of patient's examination during obtaining an image of 10-12 layers does not exceed 30 min. and can be reduced by increasing RP activity and minimizing the number of emitted transversal sections. The clinical testing of the unit has shown that it is reliable in maintenance and simple to operate during radionuclide data collection, reproduction and analysis. Emission computerized tomography in brain tumors can be regarded as a method increasing the accuracy and reliability of radionuclide diagnostic examination of neurosurgical and neurological patients.

[Single-photon emission-computed tomography with the Testascan multidetector gamma tomograph in neurologic practice]. / Odnofotonnaia émissionnaia komp'iuternaia tomografiia s mnogodetektornym gamma-tomografom TESTASKAN v nevrologicheskoi praktike.

The paper is concerned with the results of single-photon emission tomography and gamma-topography in patients with cerebral tumors, cerebral circulatory disorders and pathology of the liquor system. Tomographic investigation was shown to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the detection of cerebral tumors. Single-photon emission computerized gamma-tomography (SPECT) permitted the detection of structural and morphological cerebral changes in disturbed cerebral circulation of various etiology. SPECT together with computerized tomography and radionuclide cisternography was shown to be an auxiliary method for visualization of the cerebral cisterns. Radionuclide tomographic images as compared to gamma-topographic findings of the brain possessed a high statistical significance and good resolution.