Effects of lesions of various brain areas on drug priming or footshock-induced reactivation of extinguished conditioned place preference.

We have previously shown with a model of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) that a brief exposure to footshock stress or a priming dose of morphine could reactivate drug-seeking behavior after a long drug-free period. The present study was designed to examine the possible role of certain brain areas in such a reactivation. After the rats were successfully trained with morphine (4 mg/kg, i.p.) through a CPP paradigm (10 sessions of daily pairing of morphine with one of the two compartments), different parts of nucleus accumbens (NAc), ventral tegmental area (VTA), and central (Ce) or lateral (La) nucleus of amygdala were lesioned with a DC current passing through the respective location. After a 9-day abstinence period, random intermittent footshock (DC square wave, 0.5 mA, 0.5 s width, off time 10-70 s) or drug priming (morphine 0.25 mg/kg, s.c.) reactivated the place preference in sham lesion rats. However, the effect of drug priming could be completely abolished by lesions placed either at VTA, or the majority or shell part, but not the core of NAc. On the other hand, the effect of footshock stressor could be eliminated by a lesion placed at Ce but not La. These results suggest that, while both drug priming and footshock stress are effective in reactivating drug-seeking behavior, they might work through different neurochemical mechanisms and anatomical pathways.

[Pre-pregnancy and early clinical analysis of TORCH infections detection].

OBJECTIVE: For the birth, to improve the quality of the population, to explore the prevention and treatment of early pregnancy TORCH infection, and treatment of patients with positive eugenics and guidance. METHODS: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing of all the objects in the peripheral blood-money pathogen-specific antibodies LgM. Person in charge of testing. In strict accordance with the instructions. Reagents from Shanghai magnolia biotechnology institute. RESULT: The total number of 319 cases of positive, with a total infection rate: 3.28%, TOX-IgM, RV-IgM, CMV-IgM, HSV (II)-IgM infection rate of 0.103 percent, 2.64 percent and 0.309 percent, 0.237 percent; 319 cases of TORCH infected persons are to receive treatment for the treatment of wrap, with a total negative rate of 97.49 percent. CONCLUSION: Detection of TORCH infections to ensure early diagnosis, early treatment and early prevention is necessary.