RESUMO
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs are important regulators of plant development and seed formation, yet their population and abundance in the oil crop Brassica napus are still not well understood, especially at different developmental stages and among cultivars with varied seed oil contents. Here, we systematically analyzed the small RNA expression profiles of Brassica napus seeds at early embryonic developmental stages in high-oil-content and low-oil-content B. napus cultivars, both cultured in two environments. A total of 50 conserved miRNAs and 9 new miRNAs were identified, together with some new miRNA targets. Expression analysis revealed some miRNAs with varied expression levels in different seed oil content cultivars or at different embryonic developmental stages. A large number of 23-nucleotide small RNAs with specific nucleotide composition preferences were also identified, which may present new classes of functional small RNAs.
Assuntos
Brassica napus/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Óleos de Plantas/metabolismo , RNA de Plantas/genética , Sequência de Bases , Brassica napus/metabolismo , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseRESUMO
The regulation of seed oil synthesis in rapeseed is largely unknown. In this study, Arabidopsis microarray was used to analyze the gene differential expression of the immature seeds 30 days after flowering of a high oil Brassica napus, H105, whose oil content was 46.04 +/- 1.42, 53.94 +/- 1.35 and 53.09 +/- 1.35% when planted in Nanjing (altitude: 8.9 m), Xining (altitude: 2261.2 m) and Lhasa (altitude: 3658 m), respectively. Transcript levels of 363 genes and 421 genes were altered twofold or more for H105 planted in Xining and Lhasa compared to that in Nanjing, respectively. Together, there were 53 common up-regulated and 42 common down-regulated expression transcripts shared by H105 planted in Xining and Lhasa compared to that in Nanjing. Some important genes, such as sucrose synthase, pyruvate kinase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase which related to sugar metabolism were identified common up-regulated in higher oil content H105. These results revealed the expressional disciplinarian of correlative genes, and provided important information of the molecular genetic mechanism of oil content difference of rapeseed. In addition, these differential expression genes could be suitable as targets for genetic improvement of seed oil content.
Assuntos
Brassica napus/genética , Óleos de Plantas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Análise de Variância , Brassica napus/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Carboidratos , China , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos/métodos , Fotossíntese , Proteínas de Plantas/biossíntese , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , RNA de Plantas/genética , RNA de Plantas/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Sementes/genética , Sementes/metabolismo , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, NJRIKY, which was derived from the cross Kefeng 1 xNannong 1138-2, was used to constructed the genetic linkage map. Larval weight and pupae weight of cotton worm [Prodenia litura (L.) Fabricius] were examined and used as indicators of resistance. Based on the linkage map constructed with SSR markers of this RIL population, one QTL responsible for larval weight was mapped on linkage group G20-O and the position was 31.91 cM. The QTL's additive effect was 0.0408 and explained 11.74 of the total variation of the larval weight. Two QTLs associated with pupae weight were mapped on linkage group G8-D1b+W and G17-L and the positions were 14.71 cM and 0.01 cM, respectively. The QTLs' additive effects were -0.0139 and 0.0103 ,which explained 11.30 and 6.36 of the total variation of larval weight, respectively.
Assuntos
Glycine max/genética , Insetos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Doenças das Plantas/genética , Locos de Características Quantitativas/genética , Animais , Mapeamento Cromossômico/métodos , Cromossomos de Plantas/genética , Imunidade Inata/genética , Larva/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Escore Lod , Doenças das Plantas/parasitologia , Glycine max/parasitologiaRESUMO
mfs is a partially female-sterile Brassica napus mutant derived from a spontaneous mutation. When the mutant is crossed as a female, very poor seed set is obtained, whereas it is fertile as a pollen donor. The floret of the mutant consisted of almost equal-length stamens, a short pistil, a flat style and ovary, and the stigma was chapped. Measures of pollen viability and pollen tube growth in vitro indicated that the mutation enhanced pollen viability. The papillae of mfs consisted of two conjoint bilobed domes, and the papillar cells were sparse, oblate and large at anthesis, but become withered and senesced quickly afterward. Pollen grains could germinate over the papillar cells, but pollen tubes could not penetrate into it. After flower opening, the number of organelles in mfs papillar cell decreased, the structure of it distinctly degenerated, and vacuolization was abnormally high. Genetic analysis of 3 F2 populations and 3 BC1F1 populations suggested that the mutant trait was controlled by two recessive genes.