[Application of SF-36 scale in the survey of quality of life of occupational disease patients].

Objective: To explore the application of the Short Form of Quality of Life (SF-36) scale in the investigation of quality of life of occupational disease patients. Methods: In May 2019, SF-36 scale was used to investigate the occupational disease patients diagnosed in Hangzhou. The reliability of the scale was evaluated by Cronbach's α coefficient, and the validity of the scale was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis. Results: The Cronbach's α coefficients of PF, RP, BP, GH, VT, SF, RE and MH were 0.937, 0.977, 0.870, 0.908, 0.815, 0.701, 0.967 and 0.863 respectively, and the half reliability coefficient α=0.905. The two factor statistics representing physiological and psychological aspects were 0.870, and the approximate chi square value was 1784.337 (P<0.01) . Compared with the national norm, the scores of each dimension of quality of life of occupational disease patients were significantly lower, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01) ; Compared with the scores of each dimension of quality of life of pneumoconiosis patients, the scores of PF, RP and GH of occupational disease patients were significantly higher, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: SF-36 scale has good reliability and validity in measuring the quality of life of patients with occupational diseases, which can be used to evaluate the quality of life of patients with occupational diseases.

[Study on quality of life and influeming factors of occupational disease patients in hangzhou].

Objective: To investigate and analyze the quality of life of occupational patients in Hangzhou and its influencing factors, so as to improve their qol. Methods: From January 2007 to June 2018, patients with diagnosed occupational diseases in Hangzhou City were randomly sampled in October 2019. The patients＇basic condition and quality of life were investigated by self-made questionnaire and SF-36, a total of 303 valid questionnaires were collected and the influencing factors were analyzed by correlation analysis and multiple linear regression. Results: The scores of physiological function, physiological function, physical pain, general health status, energy, social function, emotional function and mental health of the patients with occupational diseases in Hangzhou were lower than those of the general population in China, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01) . The main factors affecting the score of quality of life of occupational patients are the types of occupational diseases, the level of disability and the duration of illness, the condition of suffering from other diseases, age, educational level, whether they are entitled to Work Injury Insurance, economic income, medical security and social support, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The quality of life of the patients with occupational diseases in Hangzhou City is poor, and the corresponding measures should be established to improve the qulity of life.

[Investigation and analysis of quality of life of some pneumoconiosis patients in Hangzhou].

Objective: To understand the quality of life and influencing factors of patients with pneumoconiosis, and to provide a basis for formulating targeted improvement strategies to improve the quality of life. Methods: From April to December 2018, Questionnaire survey was conducted on patients with pneumoconiosis that diagnosed in Hangzhou Hospital for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, using self-made questionnaire and SF-36.237 valid questionnaires were used to investigate the basic conditions, health services, social assistance and quality of life of patients, and analyze the influencing factors of quality of life. Results: Hangzhou city's some pneumoconiosis patients were mostly with monthly income <3000 yuan (72.6%, 172/237) ; more patients with medical expenses of 8000 to 25000 yuan per year (60.3%, 143/237) ; The proportion of patients receiving medical assistance and work-related injury insurance was low, at 2.1% (5/237) and 23.8% (54/227) respectively. The scores of Pneumoconiosis patients in PhysicalFunction (PF) , Role-Physical (RP) , Bodily Pain (BP) , General Health (GH) , Vitality (VT) , Social Function (SF) , Role-Emotional (RE) and Mental Health (MH) were lower than the national norm (P<0.05) . The scores from high to low were BP, SF, MH, PF, VT, RE, RP and GH. There were significant differences in the quality of life scores of pneumoconiosis patients with different ages, work types, education levels and monthly income (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The quality of life of some patients with pneumoconiosis in Hangzhou is lower than that of the general population. Age, work types, and monthly income are factors influencing quality of life.

[The study on behaviour of protective equipment utilization of workers exposed to benzene and factors based on Planned Behavior Theory].

Objective: To investigate and predict the behavioral intention and mode of the protective equipment utilization selection of the workers who used Benzene, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was applied to establish the behavioral model to enhance the theoretical foundation for long-term intervention. Methods: Questionnaires were used to survey the 707 workers, and all the behaviors of using protective equipment were investigated. Evaluate the relationships between each variable and obtain the influence affects by structural equation model. Results: The investigation showed that 38.47% of the total workers (272 cases) used whole body protection, 13.58% used partially, and 16.69% didn't use any body protection. There were significant difference between the varying degrees in the four dimensions (behavioral attitude, perceived behavior control, subjective norm, and behavioral intention) (P<0.01) . The results of structural equation model revealed that perceived behavior control was the most important influencing factor, subjective norm, positive attitude, negative attitude were the other three respects in sequence. The path co-efficient were 0.600、0.215、0.141 and 0.046 respectively. Conclusion: The study show that the theory of planned behavior can effectively explain the behavioral intention and behavior of protective equipment utilization. Therefore, combining the subjective initiative of individuals with the supervision of enterprises, In order to effectively enhance the protective equipment utilization of benzene workers.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and esophageal inflammation - Barrett's esophagus - adenocarcinoma sequence: a meta-analysis.

The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has markedly increased in the last few decades and Barrett's esophagus is regarded as the precursor lesion of this cancer. The aim of the study was to quantify the adenocarcinoma risk associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and to determine at which stage chemoprevention with this drug is the most effective in esophageal inflammation - Barrett's esophagus - adenocarcinoma sequence. A literature search was performed to identify studies published between 1998 and 2009 for relevant risk estimates. Fixed and random effect meta-analytical techniques were conducted for aspirin, nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and all nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Four cohort and 10 case-control studies were included. Use of aspirin and nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in normal population was associated with a reduced risk of adenocarcinoma (odds ratio [OR]: 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65-0.83; OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72-0.98, respectively). The use of all nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was associated with a reduced risk of adenocarcinoma (relative risk [RR]: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.42-0.96) in Barrett's esophagus patients. However, no obvious dose-effect relationships were found. In addition, we discovered a reverse association between drugs use and adenocarcinoma risk in people without a history of upper gastrointestinal tract disorders (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.43-0.77, P= 0.12). Our meta-analyses suggest a protective effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the risk of adenocarcinoma. Our results also suggest that the drugs might act after the formation of Barrett's epithelium in the esophageal inflammation - Barrett's esophagus - adenocarcinoma sequence.

Lower dopamine transporter density in an asymptomatic patient with Kleine-Levin syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is a rare disorder whose pathophysiological mechanisms remain unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS: To investigate dopamine abnormalities in KLS, a [99mTc]-TRODAT-1 single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) was performed in a patient with KLS during the asymptomatic period and compared with three matched healthy controls. RESULTS: The patient had 14% lower striatal dopamine transporter binding potential (DAT-BP) compared to the mean DAT-BP of three healthy controls. CONCLUSION: This study provides in vivo evidence for abnormalities in the DAT-BP, suggesting an involvement of the dopaminergic system in the pathophysiology of KLS.

Growth hormone augments superoxide anion secretion of human neutrophils by binding to the prolactin receptor.

Recombinant human growth hormone (HuGH) and human prolactin (HuPRL), but not GH of bovine or porcine origin, prime human neutrophils for enhanced superoxide anion (O2-) secretion. Since HuGH, but not GH of other species, effectively binds to the HuPRL receptor (HuPRL-R), we used a group of HuGH variants created by site-directed mutagenesis to identify the receptor on human neutrophils responsible for HuGH priming. A monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against the HuPRL-R completely abrogated O2- secretion by neutrophils incubated with either HuGH or HuPRL, whereas a MAb to the HuGH-R had no effect. The HuGH variant K172A/F176A, which has reduced affinity for both the HuGH-binding protein (BP) and the HuPRL-BP, was unable to prime human neutrophils. This indicates that priming is initiated by a ligand-receptor interaction, the affinity of which is near that defined for receptors for PRL and GH. Another HuGH variant, K168A/E174A, which has relatively low affinity for the HuPRL-BP but slightly increased affinity for the HuGH-BP, had much reduced ability to prime neutrophils. In contrast, HuGH variant E56D/R64M, which has a similar affinity as wild-type HuGH for the HuPRL-BP but a lower affinity for the HuGH-BP, primed neutrophils as effectively as the wild-type HuGH. Finally, binding of HuGH to the HuPRL-BP but not to the HuGH-BP has been shown to be zinc dependent, and priming of neutrophils by HuGH was also responsive to zinc. Collectively, these data directly couple the binding of HuGH to the HuPRL-R with one aspect of functional activation of human target cells.

[Gas chromatographic method with EC detection to determine isosorbide-5-mononitrate (IS-5-MN) in human serum and its pharmacokinetic parameters].

A simple, sensitive and precise capillary GC-ECD method was developed for the determination of isosorbide-5-mononitrate in human serum. Pharmacokinetic parameters of the drug was obtained from the human serum level-time curve measured. Serum samples were extracted with a mixture of ethyl ether-ethyl acetate (4:1), the upper phase was collected and evaporated to about 100 microliters under a gentle nitrogen stream. Isosorbide dinitrate was used as internal standard. With a human serum sample size of 200 microliters, the detection limit of IS-5-MN was found to be about 5 ng/ml, and the absolute recovery from 74% to 85%. The within-day and between-day relative standard deviation were less than 7% and 9%, respectively. This method was applied to the pharmacokinetic studies of IS-5-MN tablets from two different sources. Two sets of t1/2 (Ke), Tmax and AUC values obtained from 8 volunteers were tested statistically and no significant difference was found.

Accuracy and efficiency of X-ray requests initiated by triage nurses in an accident and emergency department.

A study was carried out from 1 March 1995 to 31 March 1995 in the Accident & Emergency department, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong. The aim was to assess the feasibility of requesting X-rays by triage nurses based on a pre-set protocol prior to patients being seen by a doctor. Judgement of the attending physician was used as the gold standard by which to judge the need for radiographs requested by the triage nurse. In addition, the senior medical officer or consultant would judge whether the triage nurse had applied the protocol correctly. A total of 934 patients were included in the study and 883 (94.54%) patients had X-rays requested by the triage nurse. Only 5.44% of the radiographs requested by nurses were considered to haven been unnecessary by the doctor. There was no statistically significant difference in agreement for the child and adult groups. In 917 (98%) of cases, nurses had adhered to the protocol. A saving of an average of 18.59 minutes of total service time was obtained during the study. Requesting of X-ray by triage nurse was feasible

Effects of [123I]ADAM, a serotonin transporter radiopharmaceutical, on pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats.

Serotonin transport abnormalities are implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. [(123)I]ADAM ([(123)I]-2-([2-({dimethylamino}methyl)phenyl]thio)-5-iodophenylamine) is a novel radiotracer that targets serotonin transporters. We assessed the toxicity of [(123)I]ADAM (18.5 MBq) administered in early- and late-phases (8 and 14 day postfertilization, respectively) of pregnancy. The mortality, clinical status, and gross necropsy were measured in pregnant rats, and the fertility index was measured in rat offspring (weight, clinical observations). We found no dosing-related clinical signs. In conclusion, [(123)I]ADAM was not toxic in an animal pregnancy model.

Detection of cellulose-binding proteins in electrophoresis gels by filter paper affinity blotting.

Proteins separated in electrophoresis gels were tested for the ability to bind cellulose by a simple blotting procedure. Proteins were blotted onto Whatman No. 1 filter paper by diffusion or by electrophoretic transfer and detected by Coomassie blue staining. Certain proteins released into culture supernatant by Bacteroides succinogenes NR9 (ATCC 43854) adhered strongly to cellulose, but were not found to have carboxymethylcellulose activity. Boiling of samples prior to electrophoresis eliminated the ability of proteins to bind to cellulose. Proteins that did not adhere to filter paper cellulose were detected on a nitrocellulose membrane placed behind the filter paper during electrophoretic transfer. The technique, referred to as filter paper affinity blotting, detects cellulose-binding proteins with great sensitivity.

T cell subsets in glomerulonephritis.

Abnormal lymphocyte function has been postulated to have a pathogenetic role in nephrotic syndrome. In an attempt to investigate the pathogenetic role of lymphocyte subsets in human glomerular disease, we studied 110 children suffering from nephritis during the acute nephrotic phase or nephritis without steroid treatment, 4 weeks later after steroid treatment, in remission and relapse. These patients included minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) 15 cases, focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FGS) 6 cases, mesangial cell proliferative nephropathy (MesPGN) 42 cases, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) 2 cases, hepatitis B surface antigenemia associated with membranous nephropathy (HBVMN) 10 cases, IgA mesangial nephropathy (IgAN) without nephrotic syndrome 7 cases, poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) 24 cases and chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) 4 cases. There was no significant difference in the total lymphocyte count of each different pathological group of nephritis except that lymphopenia was noted in the CGN patients. When the lymphocyte phenotypic profile was examined, OKT8 cells were significantly increased in the MesPGN patients and both OKT4 and OKT8 cells were significantly increased in HBVMN. Comparison of MCNS and MesPGN during the acute nephrotic phase showed the OKT4/OKT8 ratio decreased significantly in MesPGN. Four weeks after steroid treatment, OKT4 cells decreased both in MCNS and MesPGN being pronounced in MCNS. In the remission stage with steroid treatment the OKT4/OKT8 ratio decreased in MCNS and was mildly elevated in MesPGN. In relapse, the OKT4/OKT8 ratio was the same as it was during the onset of nephrotic phase. MCNS cases were steroid responsive whereas in MesPGN there were frequent relapses or partial steroid response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Physicochemical dissociation of CD4-mediated syncytium formation and shedding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120.

The mechanism of CD4-mediated fusion via activated human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp41 and the biological significance of soluble CD4 (sCD4)-induced shedding of gp120 are poorly understood. The purpose of these investigations was to determine whether shedding of gp120 led to fusion activation or inactivation. BJAB cells (TF228.1.16) stably expressing HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (the gp120-gp41 complex) were used to examine the effects of pH and temperature on sCD4-induced shedding of gp120 and on cell-to-cell fusion (syncytium formation) with CD4+ SupT1 cells. sCD4-induced shedding of gp120 was maximal at pH 4.5 to 5.5 and did not occur at pH 8.5. At physiologic pH, sCD4-induced shedding of gp120 occurred at 22, 37, and 40 degrees C but neither at 16 nor 4 degrees C. In contrast, syncytia formed at pH 8.5 (maximally at pH 7.5) but not at pH 4.5 to 5.5. At pH 7.5, syncytia formed at 37 and 40 degrees C but not at 22, 16, or 4 degrees C. Preincubation of cocultures of TF228.1.16 and SupT1 cells at 4, 16, or 22 degrees C before the shift to 37 degrees C resulted in similar, increased, or decreased syncytium formation, respectively, compared with the control. Furthermore, an activated intermediate of CD4-gp120-gp41 ternary complex may form at 16 degrees C; this intermediate rapidly executes fusion upon a shift to 37 degrees C but readily decays upon a shift to the shedding-permissive but fusion-nonpermissive temperature of 22 degrees C. These physicochemical data indicate that shedding of HIV-1 gp120 is not an integral step in the fusion cascade and that CD4 may inactivate the fusion complex in a process analogous to sCD4-induced shedding of gp120.