Instruments used in the assessment of expectation toward a spine surgery: an integrative review.

OBJECTIVE: To identify and describe the instruments used to assess patients' expectations toward spine surgery. METHOD: An integrative review was carried out in the databases PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS and PsycINFO. RESULTS: A total of 4,402 publications were identified, of which 25 met the selection criteria. Of the studies selected, only three used tools that had confirmed validity and reliability to be applied; in five studies, clinical scores were used, and were modified for the assessment of patients' expectations, and in 17 studies the researchers developed scales without an adequate description of the method used for their development and validation. CONCLUSION: The assessment of patients' expectations has been methodologically conducted in different ways. Until the completion of this integrative review, only two valid and reliable instruments had been used in three of the selected studies. OBJETIVO: Identificar e descrever os instrumentos usados para avaliar a expectativa dos pacientes diante do tratamento cirúrgico da coluna vertebral. MÉTODO: Revisão Integrativa realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS e PsycINFO. RESULTADOS: Identificamos 4.402 publicações, das quais 25 atenderam aos critérios de seleção. Dos estudos selecionados, apenas em três os autores utilizaram instrumentos que possuíam validade e confiabilidade confirmadas para serem aplicados; em cinco estudos foram utilizados escores clínicos, modificados para a avaliação das expectativas dos pacientes, e em dezessete os pesquisadores elaboraram escalas sem adequada descrição do método usado para o seu desenvolvimento e validação. CONCLUSÃO: A avaliação das expectativas dos pacientes tem sido metodologicamente conduzida de diferentes maneiras. Até a finalização desta revisão integrativa, apenas dois instrumentos, válidos e confiáveis, haviam sido utilizados em três dos estudos selecionados.

[Self-Care, Sense Of Coherence And Depression In Patients Hospitalized For Decompensated Heart Failure]. / Autocuidado, senso de coerência e depressão em pacienteshospitalizados por insuficiência cardíaca descompensada.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the self-care behaviors according to gender, the symptoms of depression and sense of coherence and compare the measurements of depression and sense of coherence according to gender. METHOD: A correlational, cross-sectional study that investigated 132 patients with decompensated heart failure (HF). Data were collected through interviews and consultation to medical records, and analyzed using the chi-square and the Student's t tests with significance level of 0.05. Participants were 75 men and 57 women, aged 63.2 years on average (SD = 13.8). RESULTS: No differences in self-care behavior by gender were found, except for rest after physical activity (p = 0.017). Patients who practiced physical activity showed fewer symptoms of depression (p<0.001). There were no differences in sense of coherence according to self-care behavior and gender. Women had more symptoms of depression than men (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: Special attention should be given to women with HF considering self-care and depressive symptoms.

[Perceived health status and pharmacological adherence of patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention]. / Estado de saúde percebido e adesão farmacológica em pacientes submetidos à intervenção coronária percutânea.

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the perceived health status and pharmacological adherence, and to verify the correlation between these measures in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention, after hospital discharge. It was a cross-sectional study carried out from May 2011 to July 2012. The instruments used were: SF-86 and Measurement of Adherence to Treatment, with 101 patients, 54 (53.5%) of which were men; average age of 59.5 +/- 10.3; and 32 (32.7%) with previous cardiac treatment. All study participants were using antihypertensive drugs; the majority 99 (98%) used antiplatelet drugs; 98 (97%) used cholesterol reducers, and 59 (58.4%) used coronary vasodilators. The average number of drugs used was 6.8 +/- 2.1. Pharmacological adherence was observed in 98 (97%) patients. The participants presented best perceived health status in Social Functioning and Physical Functioning. Positive correlations of moderate magnitude were found between measurements of pharmacological adherence and Physical Functioning, General Health and Social Functioning. There was correlation between pharmacological adherence and perceived health status.

[Anxiety and depression among men and women who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention]. / Ansiedade e depressão entre homens e mulheres submetidos à intervenção coronária percutânea.

A descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational study aimed to investigate the association of sex and the presence of anxiety and depression after hospital discharge in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Fifty-nine patients undergoing PCI and receiving outpatient treatment in the first seven months after hospital discharge were evaluated. To assess the symptoms of anxiety and depression the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used. To test the possible associations between the variables anxiety, depression and sex the Chi-square test was used with a significance level of 5%. The results indicated a greater number of women with depression and the association between the variables sex and depression was statistically significant. In relation to anxiety, cases were more frequent in males and the association between the variables sex and anxiety was not statistically significant.

Effects of carbohydrate use on preoperative thirst: a randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the effectiveness of carbohydrate popsicles, carbohydrate solution, and usual care (fasting) on the intensity and discomfort of preoperative thirst. METHODS: a randomized clinical trial with 60 preoperative patients aged between 18 and 60 years, randomized into three groups: control (fasting), carbohydrate solution (100 ml), and carbohydrate popsicle (100 ml). The outcomes were thirst intensity and discomfort. RESULTS: there was a difference between groups for final thirst intensity (p = 0.01) and final thirst discomfort (p = 0.001). The effect size for both the Solution Group and the Popsicle Group was robust: 0.99 and 1.14, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: the groups that received the carbohydrate fasting abbreviation showed a reduction in thirst discomfort compared to the control group. The carbohydrate popsicle proved more effective in reducing the intensity of thirst. NCT: 3.209.283.

Effect of an educational program on physical activity in individuals undergoing their first percutaneous coronary intervention: A randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Educational programs designed for specific populations to improve regular physical activity need to be tested. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational program, when compared to usual care, on improving physical activity 5 to 7 months after hospital discharge in adult patients undergoing their first percutaneous coronary intervention. METHODS: Randomized controlled trial with two groups: usual care (n = 56) and educational program (n = 53) interventions. Data on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected and the Baecke-Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire, Self-efficacy Scale for Physical Activity, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were administered at baseline and follow-up. Participants in the educational program received an intervention based on Social Cognitive Theory, focused on physical activity, followed by three telephone calls. The usual care group received the hospital routine information. Unadjusted and adjusted differences between the two groups in mean score changes (with 95% confidence intervals [CI]) were calculated for all outcomes. RESULTS: At follow-up, the educational program group showed higher mean ± standard deviation scores than the usual care group for practice of physical activity (7.94 ± 1.84 vs. 6.90 ± 1.89) and for self-efficacy (3.98 ± 3.75 vs. 2.52 ± 3.12). Adjusting for baseline outcome, the difference in mean change between groups was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.32, 1.46) for physical activity and 2.30 (95% CI: 1.12, 3.49) for self-efficacy. There were no statistical differences between groups in symptoms of anxiety and depression. CONCLUSION: The educational program may be an effective intervention in increasing habitual physical activity and self-efficacy for physical activity in individuals with coronary artery disease.

[Nursing classification systems and their application in care: an integrative literature review]. / Sistemas de classificação de enfermagem e sua aplicação na assisttência: revisisão integrativa de literatura.

This study sought for scientific evidences on the use of nursing classification systems in care through an integrative literature review. The following databases were used LILACS and PubMed. The keywords used were classification, nursing, standardized language, system. Thirty-eight articles were selected. Five major classification systems, implemented in the services, were found: nursing diagnosis (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International), nursing interventions (Nursing Interventions Classification), nursing outcomes (Nursing Outcomes Classification), the International Classificationfor Nursing Practice and the International Classificationfor NursingPractice in Colletive Health. The articles covered aspects related to implementation, assessment continuing education and validation of terms related to classification systems. The use of nursing classification systems provides benefits for care, improving it, the quality of information and service organization.

[Semantic validation of the Cardiac Patients Learning Needs Inventory for Brazilians and Portuguese]. / Validação semântica do Cardiac Patients Learning Needs Inventory para brasileiros e portugueses.

The Cardiac Patients Learning Needs Inventory (CPLNI) was constructed to assess the learning needs of patients with cardiac disease. This study aimed to compare the results of semantic validations of the CPLNI version adapted to Portuguese, involving 40 Brazilian and 16 Portuguese patients hospitalized for coronary artery disease treatment. The participants were individually interviewed and answered to sociodemographic and clinic characterization instrument, to the adapted CPLNI, and to the semantic validation instrument. In CPLNI's general assessment, most patients, both Brazilians and Portuguese, considered the instrument adequate, easy to understand and complete. The semantic validation of the CPLNI showed the need for some changes in its writing with a view to the semantic adaptation of the instrument for use in Portugal and Brazil.

Expression of Ki67 and p53 Proteins: Breast Cancer Aggressivity Markers in Brazilian Young Patients.

Background: The increase in breast cancer (BC) cases in young women is of great importance since the tumor behavior in this group is generally more aggressive than in their older counterparts, and strategies for early diagnosis and prognostication are needed. Therefore, this work sought to investigate prognostic markers associated with young (<44 years old) BC patients. Methods: Two hundred thirty-six primary tumor tissues from 232 BC patients, of which 44 had less than 44 years at diagnosis were evaluated regarding the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), Ki67, and p53 (used as an indicator of p53 mutations) through immunohistochemistry. Also, data regarding tumor size, histopathological grade (HG), lymph node metastasis disease stage, and patients' survival status were collected. Results: Early age tumors had higher Ki67 expression and p53 mutations, and these markers were positively correlated with each other and associated worse prognosis parameters, such as negativity for ER and PR and positivity for HER2, and with higher HG, tumor size, and disease stage. In young patients, Ki67 correlated with ER, PR, and HG, whereas p53 correlated with HER2 and disease stage. Also, Ki67 associated with BC death independently of time from diagnosis, patients age, tumor size, and disease stage, and showed a trend toward a positive correlation with death in young patients, but not in the older group. Conclusion: Young BC patients were more likely to have intensely proliferative tumors with p53 mutations and these markers may hold prognostic relevance in BC, especially in this subgroup of patients.

Elaboration, validation and reliability of the safety protocol for pediatric thirst management.

OBJECTIVE: to elaborate, validate and evaluate the reliability of the Safety Protocol for Pediatric Thirst Management in the immediate postoperative period. METHOD: methodological quantitative research, based on the assumptions on measurement instrument development. The protocol was elaborated after literature review, interview with specialists and observation of the child's anesthetic recovery. The judges performed theoretical validation through apparent, semantic and content analysis. Content Validity Index was calculated for content validation, whose minimum established concordance was 0.80. Protocol's reliability was evaluated in children between three and 12 years old in the Post Anesthesia Care Unit. RESULTS: in its final version, the protocol consisted of five evaluation criteria: level of consciousness, movement, airway protection, breathing pattern and nausea and vomiting. It presented easy comprehension and relevant content, and all indexes exceeded the minimum agreement of 0.80. Pairs of nurses applied the protocol 116 times to 58 children, resulting in a high reliability index (kappa general = 0.98) Conclusion: the unprecedented protocol developed is valid and is a useful tool for use in anesthetic recovery, aiming to assess safety for reducing the thirst of infant patients.

Menthol chewing gum on preoperative thirst management: randomized clinical trial. / Goma de mascar mentolada no manejo da sede pré-operatória: ensaio clínico randomizado.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the effectiveness of menthol chewing gum, in the relief of the intensity and discomfort of the surgical patient's thirst in the preoperative period. METHOD: a randomized controlled trial, with 102 patients in the preoperative period, randomized in a control group, with usual care, and an experimental group, which received menthol gum, which was the study treatment variable. The primary clinical outcome was the variation in thirst intensity, evaluated by the Numeral Verbal Scale, and the secondary, the variation of the discomfort of thirst, evaluated by the Perioperative Thirst Discomfort Scale. Mann-Whitney test was used to compare measures between groups. The significance level adopted was of 0.05. RESULTS: menthol chewing gum significantly reduced the intensity (p <0.001), with Cohen's medium-effect d, and thirst discomfort (p <0.001), with a large-effect Cohen's d. CONCLUSION: menthol chewing gum was effective in reducing the intensity and discomfort of preoperative thirst. The strategy proved to be an innovative, feasible and safe option in the use for the surgical patient, in the management of the preoperative thirst, in elective surgeries. NCT: 03200197.

Effect of chewing gum on thirst: an integrative review.

OBJECTIVE: To identify and analyze the evidence on the effect of chewing gum on thirst in adults. METHOD: Integrative review, guided by the question: "What is the scientific evidence about the effects of chewing gum on adult's thirst?" LILACS, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were the databases consulted. RESULTS: Of a total of 2,414 articles found, 12 papers were selected whose publications varied between 1991 and 2016. The use of chewing gum resulted in increased salivary volume (five studies), xerostomia relief (seven studies), and thirst reduction (four studies). It was not possible to establish the number of chewing gums per day, being frequent the recommendation to use as desired. There was a predominance of studies with patients under dialysis and with cancer. CONCLUSION: Chewing gum is an effective strategy to reduce thirst discomfort in adults.

[Characterization of chronic pain and analgesic approaches among community-dwelling elderly]. / Caracterização da dor crônica e métodos analgésicos utilizados por idosos da comunidade.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize chronic pain and analgesic approaches in community- dwelling elderly of the northern district of Londrina - Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with individuals 60 years old and more, resident in the local area of a Basic Health Unit (UBS) of Londrina, by home inquiry. Chronic pain was defined as pain lasting for six months or more. The elderly with pain, were questioned about characteristics of the pain as regards location, duration, frequency, intensity, improvement and worsening situations, as well as the impact of pain in the quality of life and also about analgesic approaches. RESULTS: One hundred and seventy two elderly were interviewed (101 women and 71 men). Presence of chronic pain was observed in 107 (62.%) of these 69.3% were female and 52.1% male (p = 0.004). The very old people, 80-year-old or more (p=0.01) and the depressive elderly (p=0.0008) presented higher frequency of chronic pain. Most prevalent pains were in the legs and back, with 31.2% each, and the majority of elderly referred to continuous, daily high intensity pain. Regarding analgesic approaches, the pharmacologic method was mentioned by 86 elderly (80.4%) and simple analgesic (32.6%) was the most used. CONCLUSION: Facts show that there is a high predominance of chronic pain in the population of elderly, mainly in women, in very old people and in depressive individuals.

Educational program for coronary artery disease patients: results after one year.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term results of an educational program compared to usual care. METHOD: A longitudinal study in which 56 participants from a previous study (randomized controlled clinical trial) were evaluated twelve months after the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed by the Medical Outcomes Study: 36-item Short Form (SF-36), and anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). A repeated measures analysis of variance was performed (significance level 0.05). RESULTS: Participants in the educational program showed improvement of HRQoL in the Role-Emotional domain, while those in the usual care did not present changes (p=0.05). Both groups showed improvement in the Role-Physical (p = 0.001) and Bodily Pain (p=0.01) domains over time. There were no differences in the symptoms of anxiety and depression. CONCLUSION: One year after the PCI, there were significant differences between groups only for the Role-Emotional domain of the SF-36.

Effects of carbohydrate use on preoperative thirst: a randomized clinical trial / Efectos de la utilización del carbohidrato sobre la sed en el preoperatorio: ensayo clínico randomizado / Efeitos da utilização do carboidrato sobre a sede no pré-operatório: ensaio clínico randomizado

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the effectiveness of carbohydrate popsicles, carbohydrate solution, and usual care (fasting) on the intensity and discomfort of preoperative thirst. Methods: a randomized clinical trial with 60 preoperative patients aged between 18 and 60 years, randomized into three groups: control (fasting), carbohydrate solution (100 ml), and carbohydrate popsicle (100 ml). The outcomes were thirst intensity and discomfort. Results: there was a difference between groups for final thirst intensity (p = 0.01) and final thirst discomfort (p = 0.001). The effect size for both the Solution Group and the Popsicle Group was robust: 0.99 and 1.14, respectively. Conclusions: the groups that received the carbohydrate fasting abbreviation showed a reduction in thirst discomfort compared to the control group. The carbohydrate popsicle proved more effective in reducing the intensity of thirst. NCT: 3.209.283

RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar efectividad del polo de carbohidrato, solución de carbohidrato y cuidado usual (ayuno) sobre la intensidad e incomodidad de sed en el preoperatorio. Métodos: ensayo clínico randomizado, con 60 pacientes en el preoperatorio, edad entre 18 y 60 años, randomizados en tres grupos: control (ayuno); solución de carbohidrato (100 ml); polo de carbohidrato (100 ml). Los desfechos fueron la intensidad e incomodidad de sed. Resultados: hubo diferencia entre los grupos cuanto a la intensidad final de sed (p = 0,01) e incomodidad final de sed (p = 0,001). El tamaño del efecto tanto para el Grupo Solución cuanto para el Grupo Polo fue fuerte: 0,99 y 1,14, respectivamente. Conclusiones: los grupos que recibieron la abreviación del ayuno con carbohidrato presentaron reducción en la incomodidad de sed cuando comparados al grupo-control. El polo de carbohidrato se mostró más efectivo en la reducción de la intensidad de la sed. NCT: 3.209.283

RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a efetividade do picolé de carboidrato, solução de carboidrato e cuidado usual (jejum) sobre a intensidade e desconforto da sede no pré-operatório. Métodos: ensaio clínico randomizado, com 60 pacientes no pré-operatório, idade entre 18 e 60 anos, aleatorizados em três grupos: controle (jejum); solução de carboidrato (100 ml); picolé de carboidrato (100 ml). Os desfechos foram a intensidade e o desconforto da sede. Resultados: houve diferença entre os grupos quanto à intensidade final da sede (p = 0,01) e ao desconforto final da sede (p = 0,001). O tamanho do efeito tanto para o Grupo Solução quanto para o Grupo Picolé foi forte: 0,99 e 1,14, respectivamente. Conclusões: os grupos que receberam a abreviação do jejum com carboidrato apresentaram redução no desconforto da sede quando comparados ao grupo-controle. O picolé de carboidrato mostrou-se mais efetivo na redução da intensidade da sede. NCT: 3.209.283

Stressors perceived by patients in the immediate postoperative of cardiac surgery. / Estressores percebidos por pacientes no pós-operatório imediato de cirurgia cardíaca.

OBJECTIVE: to investigate stressors perceived by patients in the immediate postoperative of cardiac surgery and their association with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. METHOD: a prospective correlational study conducted in a city in São Paulo, between August 2013 and December 2014. A non-probabilistic sample included patients submitted to their first coronary artery bypass graft or mitral valve surgery. The "Environmental Stressor Questionnaire" adapted to Portuguese was used. RESULTS: 105 patients participated in the study. The item "being thirsty" was evaluated as the most stressful and "the nursing staff member does not introduce himself/herself by the name" as the least stressful. Among sociodemographic and clinical variables (gender, age, type and time of surgery, pain, intubation time, use of psychotropic medications and length of stay in the intensive care unit), only pain presented a significant association with the stressors. CONCLUSION: knowing stressors can help implement practices associated with their reduction, favoring patients' recovery.

Caracterização epidemiológica do HIV/AIDS em adolescentes em um município no Sul do Brasil / Epidemiological characterization of HIV/AIDS in adolescents who live in a municipality from southern Brazil

Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos de HIV/AIDS em adolescentes. Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado com dados secundários do Sistema Nacional de Informação de Agravos de Notificação, de 2007 a 2019, de adolescentes residentes em um município no Sul do Brasil. Verificou-se por meio de análise descritiva e medidas de frequência variáveis demográficas, características de transmissão, infecções oportunistas e evolução dos casos. Resultados: Foram notificados 84 casos, com predomínio de idade entre 17 a 19 anos (92,8%); ensino médio completo/incompleto (50,0%); sexo masculino (73,8%) e raça branca (69,0%). Quanto à exposição ao HIV, 75,0% eram homens com relações homoafetivas declaradas. A incidência, por quadriênios, foi a seguinte: 14 casos, 26 casos e 41 casos, e em 2019, 3 casos. O coeficiente de mortalidade foi de 0,35/100.000 habitantes. Dos diagnósticos, 67,9% foram confirmados por teste rápido e 39,3% por exames laboratoriais. No momento do diagnóstico, 42,9%apresentavam AIDS. Os sinais clínicos de maior prevalência foram caquexia (10,7%), astenia (8,3%) e tosse persistente (7,1%). As infecções oportunistas mais presentes foram candidíase oral (6,7%), linfadenopatia (4,4%) e alterações no sistema nervoso central (4,4%). Conclusão: Evidencia-se a vulnerabilidade dos adolescentes e necessidade de intensificar políticas públicas para prevenção e diagnóstico precoce nessa faixa etária.

Objective: To characterize the epidemiological profile of HIV/AIDS cases in adolescents. Method:A cross-sectional study, conducted from 2007 to 2019 with adolescents living in a municipality from southern Brazil, resorting to secondary data from the National System of Information about Notifiable Diseases. The demographic variables, that is, transmission characteristics, opportunistic infections and case evolution, were verified through descriptive analysis and frequency measures. Results: A total of 84 cases were reported, with predominance of the age group between 17 and 19 years old (92.8%), complete/incomplete high school (50.0%), male gender (73.8%), and white race (69.0%). Regarding HIV exposure, 75.0% were men with declared homoaffective relationships. Incidence by quadrennium periods was as follows: 14 cases, 26 cases and 41 cases, with 3 cases in 2019. The mortality rate was 0.35/100,000 inhabitants. Of the diagnoses, 67.9% were confirmed by rapid test and 39.3% by laboratory tests. 42.9% had AIDS at diagnosis. The most prevalent clinical signs were cachexia (10.7%), asthenia (8.3%) and persistent cough (7.1%). The most frequent opportunistic infections were oral candidiasis (6.7%), lymphadenopathy (4.4%) and changes in the central nervous system (4.4%). Conclusion: The adolescents' vulnerability and the need to intensify public policies for prevention and early diagnosis in this age group areevidenced

Elaboration, validation and reliability of the safety protocol for pediatric thirst management / Elaboração, validação e fidedignidade do protocolo de segurança para o manejo da sede pediátrica / Desarrollo, validación y confiabilidad del protocolo de seguridad para el manejo de la sed pediátrica

Objective: to elaborate, validate and evaluate the reliability of the Safety Protocol for Pediatric Thirst Management in the immediate postoperative period. Method: methodological quantitative research, based on the assumptions on measurement instrument development. The protocol was elaborated after literature review, interview with specialists and observation of the child's anesthetic recovery. The judges performed theoretical validation through apparent, semantic and content analysis. Content Validity Index was calculated for content validation, whose minimum established concordance was 0.80. Protocol's reliability was evaluated in children between three and 12 years old in the Post Anesthesia Care Unit. Results: in its final version, the protocol consisted of five evaluation criteria: level of consciousness, movement, airway protection, breathing pattern and nausea and vomiting. It presented easy comprehension and relevant content, and all indexes exceeded the minimum agreement of 0.80. Pairs of nurses applied the protocol 116 times to 58 children, resulting in a high reliability index (kappa general = 0.98) Conclusion: the unprecedented protocol developed is valid and is a useful tool for use in anesthetic recovery, aiming to assess safety for reducing the thirst of infant patients.

Objetivo: elaborar, validar e avaliar a fidedignidade do Protocolo de Segurança para o Manejo da Sede Pediátrica no pós-operatório imediato. Método: pesquisa metodológica, quantitativa, baseada nos pressupostos para elaboração de instrumentos de mensuração. Elaborou-se o protocolo após revisão de literatura, entrevista com especialistas e observação da recuperação anestésica da criança. Juízes realizaram a validação teórica por meio de análise aparente, semântica e de conteúdo. Calculou-se o Content Validity Index na validação de conteúdo, cuja concordância mínima estabelecida foi de 0,80. Avaliou-se a fidedignidade do protocolo em crianças entre três e 12 anos em sala de recuperação anestésica. Resultados: em sua versão final, o protocolo foi constituído por cinco critérios de avaliação: nível de consciência, movimentação, proteção de vias áreas, padrão respiratório e náusea e vômito. Apresentou fácil compreensão e conteúdo pertinente e relevante, e todos os índices superaram a concordância mínima de 0,80. Duplas de enfermeiros aplicaram o protocolo 116 vezes em 58 crianças, resultando em elevado índice de fidedignidade (kappa geral = 0,98) Conclusão: o protocolo inédito elaborado tem validade e é ferramenta útil para utilização na recuperação anestésica, visando avaliar a segurança para a redução da sede do paciente infantil.

Objetivo: elaborar, validar y evaluar la confiabilidad del Protocolo de Seguridad para el Manejo de la Sed Pediátrica en el postoperatorio inmediato. Método: investigación cuantitativa, metodológica, basada en los presupuestos para la elaboración de instrumentos de medición. El protocolo se elaboró después de la revisión de la literatura, entrevista con especialistas y observación de la recuperación anestésica del niño. Los jueces realizaron la validación teórica a través del análisis aparente, semántico y de contenido. El Content Validity Index se calculó para la validación de contenido, cuya concordancia mínima fue de 0,80. La fiabilidad del protocolo se evaluó en niños entre tres y 12 años en la sala de recuperación anestésica. Resultados: en su versión final, el protocolo consistió en cinco criterios de evaluación: nivel de conciencia, movimiento, protección de las vías respiratorias, patrón respiratorio y náuseas y vómitos. Presentó fácil comprensión, con contenido pertinente y relevante, siendo que todos los índices excedían la concordancia mínima de 0,80. Parejas de enfermeros aplicaron el protocolo 116 veces a 58 niños, lo que resultó en un índice de alta confiabilidad (kappa general = 0,98). Conclusión: el protocolo desarrollado, que reviste carácter inédito, es válido y puede considerarse como herramienta útil para su uso en la recuperación anestésica, con el objetivo de evaluar la seguridad para reducción de la sed del paciente infantil.

Atividade física após angioplastia coronária: elaboração e validação de material educativo / Physical activity undergoing angioplasty: development and validation of educational material

RESUMO Objetivo elaborar e validar material educativo sobre a realização de atividade física para pacientes submetidos à angioplastia. Métodos elaborou-se material em formato de cartilha, considerando-se as etapas: levantamento da literatura, elaboração textual pertinente à reabilitação cardíaca e criação de ilustrações. A validação de conteúdo e aparência foi realizada por seis especialistas e seis participantes do público-alvo. Realizou-se pré-teste com outros 10 pacientes que aguardavam a angioplastia. Dados analisados descritivamente. Resultados o material incluiu instruções e exercícios a serem realizados em todas as fases da reabilitação (aquecimento, exercícios, alongamentos, relaxamento). Os avaliadores consideraram o conteúdo pertinente e acataram-se as sugestões sobre a aparência. Pacientes, participantes da validação e do pré-teste consideraram que o material facilitaria a compreensão dos exercícios. Conclusão o material foi considerado adequado para uso em pacientes submetidos à angioplastia.

ABSTRACT Objective to develop and validate educational material on physical activity for patients undergoing angioplasty. Methods material was prepared in a booklet format, considering the steps: survey of the literature, textual development relevant to cardiac rehabilitation and creation of illustrations. Six specialists and six participants from the target audience performed the content and appearance validation. A pre-test was carried out with 10 other patients who were awaiting angioplasty. Data analyzed descriptively. Results the material included instructions and exercises to be performed in all phases of rehabilitation (warm-up, exercises, stretches, relaxation). The evaluators considered the content pertinent and the suggestions on appearance were accepted. Patients, participants in the validation and pre-test, considered that the material would facilitate the understanding of the exercises. Conclusion the material was considered suitable for use in patients submitted to angioplasty.

Health status and mental health in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention.

OBJECTIVE: to assess the association between perceived health status and the mental health of patients submitted to percutaneous coronary intervention after hospital discharge. METHOD: a quantitative and cross-sectional study involving 101 participants. The following instruments were used: a sociodemographic and clinical characterization instrument, the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Participants were divided into three groups: no anxiety and no depression (G1); anxiety or depression (G2); and both (G3). The ANOVA test was used for the intergroup comparison of means on the SF-36 domains. RESULTS: There was an association between perceived health status and mental health. The participants in G1 presented higher scores in all SF-36 domains in comparison with participants in G2 and G3. CONCLUSION: Participants with no anxiety and depression presented better-perceived health status in comparison with those with anxiety or depression, or both.