[Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibacterial agents: on account of febrile neutropenic patients]. / Farmacocinética y farmacodinamia de antimicrobianos: a propósito de pacientes con neutropenia y fiebre.

Febrile neutropenia is a serious complication of antineoplastic therapy and it is more commonly found in hematologic patients, associated with high mortality rates. Inadequate tissue concentration of antimicrobials has been described as a cause of therapeutic failure which also has been related to a low interstitial concentration for hydrophilic antibiotics. In critically ill patients it may occur an accumulation of compartmental fluids which can be related to an increase in the distribution volume or changes in clearance of antimicrobials. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of antimicrobials are reviewed, which can be used as a tool to optimize the efficacy of antimicrobial therapy in order to avoid failures and resistance selection.

Farmacocinética y farmacodinamia de antimicrobianos: a propósito de pacientes con neutropenia y fiebre / Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibacterial agents: on account of febrile neutropenic patients

Febrile neutropenia is a serious complication of antineoplastic therapy and it is more commonly found in hematologic patients, associated with high mortality rates. Inadequate tissue concentration of antimicrobials has been described as a cause of therapeutic failure which also has been related to a low interstitial concentration for hydrophilic antibiotics. In critically ill patients it may occur an accumulation of compartmental fluids which can be related to an increase in the distribution volume or changes in clearance of antimicrobials. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of antimicrobials are reviewed, which can be used as a tool to optimize the efficacy of antimicrobial therapy in order to avoid failures and resistance selection.

La neutropenia febril es una complicación grave de la terapia antineoplásica que se presenta más frecuentemente en pacientes con neoplasias hematológicas, asociada a tasas elevadas de mortalidad. Uno de los factores descritos como causa de fracasos terapéuticos de la terapia antimicrobiana es la inadecuada concentración tisular de los antimicrobianos que a su vez se correlaciona con bajas concentraciones en el líquido intersticial en el caso de los fármacos hidrofílicos. En pacientes críticamente enfermos se puede presentar acumulación compartimental de líquidos que a su vez se puede asociar con aumento en el volumen de distribución de los medicamentos o alteraciones en la depuración de los mismos. Se revisan los parámetros farmacocinéticos y farmacodinámicos de los antimicrobianos que pueden ser usados como herramienta para optimizar la eficacia de la terapia antiinfecciosa en busca de disminuir la tasa de fracasos y la selección de cepas resistentes.