RESUMO
Metaplastic breast cancer (MPBC) is a rare and aggressive tumor type in great need of satisfactory therapies. Although most cases of MPBC are 'triple negative', they are nonetheless related to worse outcomes compared with other triple-negative invasive tumors. MPBC presents high levels of genetic and molecular heterogeneity, suggesting that novel targeted therapies can be exploited. Overexpression of PD-L1 and high levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes have also been observed in these tumors, suggesting a role for immunotherapy. We present an updated literature revision on clinical, histopathological and molecular features of MPBC and their significance to prognosis and therapy options. We discuss emerging efforts to improve and personalize prognostic and therapeutic approaches, exploiting the molecular signature of MPBC with targeted therapies and immunotherapies.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/farmacologia , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Heterogeneidade Genética , Mastectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/epidemiologia , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Mama/imunologia , Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Quimioterapia Adjuvante/métodos , Quimioterapia Adjuvante/estatística & dados numéricos , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/farmacologia , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/uso terapêutico , Terapia Neoadjuvante/métodos , Terapia Neoadjuvante/estatística & dados numéricos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/genética , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/prevenção & controle , Prognóstico , Microambiente Tumoral/genética , Microambiente Tumoral/imunologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: TROP-2 is emerging as a valid and fruitful strategy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, and several agents are currently under evaluation, including Datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Herein, we performed a meta-analysis aimed to evaluate any grade adverse events, grade 3-4 adverse events, dose reduction, and serious adverse events in TNBC patients treated with Dato-DXd in clinical trials. RESULTS: The pooled results suggests that Dato-DXd is associated with a favorable safety profile: while any grade treatment-related toxicities were common, grade 3-4 events were not particularly frequent and mainly represented by stomatitis (13.88%; 95% CI, 10.68 - 17.09). CONCLUSIONS: These findings may help to comprehensively define the safety profile of Dato-DXd and to assist in the design of future clinical trials in this setting.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Imunoconjugados , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas , Humanos , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most frequent primary liver cancer, following hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Progress in the molecular understanding of CCA has led to the development of several agents, including FGFR inhibitors, such as pemigatinib, whose approval has marked a new era in this hepatobiliary malignancy. However, a number of questions remain unanswered, including the development of secondary resistance and the role of combination therapies, including FGFR inhibitors. Herein, we specifically focus on the current challenges and future research directions of pemigatinib use in CCA patients.