RESUMO
Miliary metastasis to the central nervous system (CNS) is a rare presentation of metastasis mainly found in primary adenocarcinoma of the lung. Its association with breast cancer is even less frequent. We present the case of a 50-year-old female patient diagnosed in 2010 with stage IIA infiltrating ductal breast cancer RE (-), RP (+), HER 2 (-), HER2 NEU (+). She was treated with modified radical left breast mastectomy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Her condition began presenting oppressive frontal headache without irradiation, predominantly in the evening, intensity 8/10, which decreased when sleeping and was exacerbated with stressful situations, in addition to progressive cognitive deterioration. Simple and contrasted computed tomography (CT) of the skull and thoracoabdominal were requested, showing multiple micronodular lesions with calcium density in the brain parenchyma, left pleural effusion, hypo and hyperdense lesions in the liver parenchyma, as well as osteoblastic lesions in the lumbar spine. Simple and contrasted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the skull showed multiple supra and infratentorial intra-axial lesions. The most frequent associated symptom with miliary metastasis is cognitive impairment. Miliary metastasis, confirmed by imaging studies and histopathology, requires the ruling out of other causes of this calcification pattern, such as neurocysticercosis, due to specific treatment for each pathology.
RESUMO
INTRODUCCIÓN: La prueba de Wada consiste en la inhibición selectiva y reversible de un hemisferio cerebral mediante la inyección intracarotídea de amobarbital con el objetivo de evaluar la lateralidad del lenguaje y la memoria. Existen otros fármacos anestésicos, como el propofol, como alternativa para la prueba. OBJETIVO: El objetivo del estudio fue describir la tolerabilidad y los efectos adversos (EA) del uso de propofol para la prueba de Wada durante el estudio prequirúrgico de pacientes con epilepsia farmacorresistente. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Se seleccionó a pacientes con diagnóstico de epilepsia estructural farmacorresistente consecutivos, quienes se sometieron a la prueba de Wada durante el estudio prequirúrgico en el período de junio de 2012 a mayo de 2019. Los pacientes fueron evaluados de manera retrospectiva. Los EA se describieron según la clasificación de Mikuni, modificada por Curot. Se analizaron las variables de sexo, edad, lateralidad del foco epiléptico, lateralidad del lenguaje, sustrato lesional, etiología y dosis de propofol administrada en busca de significación estadística. RESULTADOS: Se estudió a un total de 74 pacientes, de los cuales 40 eran hombres (54%). Cuarenta y siete pacientes (63,5%) tuvieron al menos un EA. La dosis media de propofol fue de 9,23 mg. Los EA más frecuentes fueron lagrimeo, sudoración y ojo rojo, correspondientes al grupo I (57%). Un paciente desarrolló estado epiléptico convulsivo, EA importante no descrito anteriormente durante la prueba de Wada. CONCLUSIÓN: La realización de la prueba de Wada con propofol ocasiona frecuentes efectos adversos leves, los cuales no impiden su finalización. Describimos un caso de estado epiléptico convulsivo como único EA grave
INTRODUCTION: The Wada test consists of the selective and reversible inhibition of a cerebral hemisphere by intracarotid injection of amobarbital in order to evaluate the laterality of language and memory. However, there are other anesthetic drugs such as propofol, as an alternative for the test. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to describe the tolerability and adverse effects (AE) of the use of propofol for the Wada test, during the presurgical study of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. METHODS: Consecutive patients with a diagnosis of drug-resistant structural epilepsy were selected who underwent the Wada test during the pre-surgical study in the period from June 2012 to May 2019. The patients were retrospectively evaluated. The AE were described according to the Mikuni classification, modified by Curot. The variables of sex, age, epileptic foci laterality, language laterality, lesional substrate, etiology and dose of administered Propofol were analyzed for any statistical significance. RESULTS: A total of 74 patients, 40 men (54%), were studied. Forty-seven patients (63.5%) had at least one AE. The mean dose of propofol was 9.23 mg. The most frequent AE were tearing, sweating and red eye, corresponding to group I (57%). One patient developed convulsive status epilepticus, an important AE not previously described during the Wada test. CONCLUSION: Performing the Wada test with propofol causes frequent mild adverse effects, which do not prevent its completion. We describe a case of convulsive status epilepticus as the only serious AE