Antibacterial and antiplaque efficacy of a lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate-hydrogen-peroxide-system-containing lozenge.

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial agents are considered valuable adjuncts to mechanical methods of plaque control. However, their long-term use can be limited because of side effects. Therefore, using physiological substances is promising due to no risk of development, for example, of microbial resistances, allergies or DNA damaging. The lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate-hydrogen peroxide system (LPO-system) is a highly effective antimicrobial system. This study aimed to evaluate in a randomized study with a four-replicate cross-over design the effectiveness of two oral hygiene lozenges containing LPO-system in oral hygiene. RESULTS: After using the mouth rinse as positive control (A) and allocated test lozenges (B) (0.083% H2O2) & (C) (0.04% H2O2) for 4 days instead of the normal oral hygiene procedures (tooth brushing etc.), Listerine rinse (A) was statistically significantly more effective than the LPO-system-lozenge with 0.083% H2O2, the LPO-system-lozenge with 0.04% H2O2, and the placebo lozenge (D) in inhibiting plaque. Lozenges B and C were statistically significantly more effective than the placebo lozenge, but no statistically significant differences could be observed between them. The LPO-system-lozenge (B) reduced statistically significantly more S. mutans than the LPO-system-lozenge with (C) and the placebo lozenge (D). The LPO-system-lozenge (C) reduced statistically significantly more Lactobacilli than Listerine (A), the LPO-system-lozenge (B) and the placebo lozenge (D). There were no statistically significant differences in the total CFUs between Listerine rinse, the LPO-system-lozenge with 0.083% H2O2 (B), the LPO-system-lozenge with 0.04% H2O2 (C), and the placebo lozenge (D). On day 5 there were no differences of the OSCN--values between all A, B, C, and D. However, the SCN--values increased over the days in both LPO-system-lozenges (B/C). The statistically significant differences between B/C and A/D on day 5 were as followed: A to B p = 0.0268; A to C p = 0.0035; B to D p = 0.0051; C to D p = 0.0007. Only in the group of Listerine (A) increased the NO3-/NO2--quotient over the test time, which indicates a reduction of nitrate-reducing bacteria. On Day 5 the statistically significant difference between A and B was p = 0.0123. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that lozenges containing a complete LPO-system, inhibiting plaque regrowth and reducing cariogenic bacteria, may be used in the daily oral hygiene.

Urinary incontinence during pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: An overview of urinary incontinence issues during pregnancy. DESIGN: A review article. SETTING: Department of Gynekology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Ostrava. CONCLUSION: Mechanisms leading to stress incontinence are multifactorial. Pregnancy and childbirth can lead to injuries or drowsiness of the pelvic floor muscles. The age of the firstborn and BMI in the pelvic floor disorders is similar to that of the end of pregnancy.

A rare complication of long-term vaginal prolapse.

OBJECTIVE: Description of rare complication of long-term uterine prolaps. Desing: Case report. SETTING: Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, University Hospital Ostrava. CASE REPORT: A seventy-years-old pacient with longterm complete uterine prolaps underwent vaginal hysterectomy with colpoclesis at department of Obstetric and Gynecology of university hospital Ostrava in August 2017. The surgery was planned more than year ago, when patient had no symptoms. But due to patient's injury, it was postponed and the condition was already complicated by urine incontinency. The surgery was complicated by bladder lesion, because it was suggested as a pelvis tumor. Correction of cystolithiasis was planned at a second time, when suprapubic cystoli-thotomy was performed after 16 days. Temporary urinary derivation was ensured by bilateral nephrostomy, epicystostomy and urinal catetrization for low residual bladder capacity after surgery. CONCLUSION: Bladder stones are a rare complication of otherwise relatively frequent complete urogenital prolaps in women. Major causes include micturition disorder and chronic urinary tract infection which is caused by vaginal and uterus descensus.

[Large hematoma - early postoperative complication after the transobturator tape procedure]. / Rozsáhlý hematom - casná komplikace po antiinkontinentní operaci transobturátorovým prístupem.

OBJECTIVE: To present a case report of the occurrence of large hematoma after the transobturator tape procedure. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Ostrava. CONCLUSION: The risk of vessel injury during the transobturator procedure is rare, but it is possible. The surgeons should be aware of the possibility and know possible solution. Conservative management of hematomas has been recommended when the patient is hemodynamically stable only without other secondary complications.

Persistence of subclinical sonographic joint activity in rheumatoid arthritis in sustained clinical remission.

BACKGROUND: Sonographic assessment, measuring grey scale (GS) and power Doppler (PD) signals, is a sensitive tool for the evaluation of inflammatory joint activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We evaluated the persistence of PD and GS signals in previously clinically active RA joints that have reached a state of continuous clinical inactivity. METHODS: We performed sonographic imaging of 22 joints of the hands of patients with RA, selected all joints without clinical activity but showing ongoing sonographic signs of inflammation, and evaluated the time from last clinical joint activity. RESULTS: A total of 90 patients with RA with 1980 assessed joints were included in this study. When comparing the mean time from clinical swelling, we found a significantly longer period of clinical inactivity in joints showing low sonographic activity (mean±SD time from swelling of 4.1±3.2 vs 3.1±2.9 years for PD1 vs PD≥2, p=0.031 and 4.5±3.4 vs 3.3±3.2 years for GS1 vs GS≥2, p≤0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that subclinical joint activity is long-lasting in RA joints in clinical remission, but attenuates over time. The latter conclusion is based on the observed shorter time duration from last clinical activity for strong compared with weaker sonographic signals.

[Dorsal sagittal knee joint stability after endoprosthetic knee arthroplasty : Influence of preoperative joint stability and the type of implanted prosthesis]. / Dorsale sagittale Kniegelenkstabilität nach endoprothetischem Kniegelenkersatz : Einfluss der präoperativen Gelenkstabilität und des implantierten Prothesentyps.

BACKGROUND: Anterior knee pain is a known complication after implantation of a prosthesis and a possible reason is a posterior knee joint instability; however, the influence on postoperative stability is just as unknown as the possible influence of the type of prosthesis on postoperative stability. AIM: This study investigated two possible preoperative and intraoperative influencing factors by determination of the preoperative joint stability and type of prosthesis.

[Urinary incontinence induced by the antidepressants - case report]. / Mocová inkontinence indukovaná antidepresivy - kazuistické sdelení

AIM: Case study of the patient with urinary incontinence induced by the antidepressant mirtazapin and the review of the related literature. DESIGN: Case Report. SETTING: Department of Urology, University Hospital Ostrava-Poruba. CASE REPORT: A case of 55-years old patiens, who was reffered to the surgical treatment of the urinary incontinence. We found a major discrepancies during the evaluation that led us to suspect that this is not a common uncomplicated case of stress urinary incontinence. Based on the detailed history we identified the antidepressant mirtazapine as a likely causal factor. After discontinuing mirtazapin patient has achieved full control of the continence. CONCLUSION: Given that antidepressants affects adrenergic and dopaminergic regulatory mechanisms in the central nervous system, they may affect the lower urinary tract function. This work presents a case report where the disclosure of the less common cause of incontinence saved the patientoriginally proposed surgical treatment and allowed the effective restoration of the continence. We emphasize the need to consider the potential interaction of antidepressants with lower urinary tract function in daily practice.

[Bulking agents in the treatment of the stress urinary incontinence - current state and future perspectives]. / "Bulking agents" v lécbe stresové inkontinence moci - soucasný stav a budoucí perspektivy.

A review focused on minimally invasive treatment of the stress urinary incontinence using bulking agents provides a summary of the current knowledge on this subjects. This paper summarizes the findings on the mechanism of action, indications and applications technique, as well as clinical data on the efficacy and safety of the currently available bulking agents. Attention is also paid to possible future trends of this method. The work is designed to include specific implications for clinical practice.

[Importance of uroflowmetry in lower urinary tract symptoms diagnostics]. / Význam uroflowmetrie v diagnostice poruch dolních mocových cest.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the current state of knowledge on the use of uroflowmetry in diagnosis of lower urinary tract dysfunction in women. DESIGN: Review article. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine, Ostrava University. METHODS: Literature review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Lower urinary tract dysfunction is associated with debilitating symptoms, which negatively affect the quality of life of a large number of patients, and represent a significant health problem. Inaccurate diagnosis leads to delayed therapy, which could cause disease progression and complications. It has been recently recognized that affected patients express a wide variety of clinical phenotypes. Advancements in diagnostic procedures may allow for individualized treatment and improved treatment outcomes. Diagnostic procedures recommended for patients with suspected lower urinary tract disease include directed medical history, urinalysis, voiding diary, as well as non-invasive and invasive urodynamic methods. Additional diagnostic tests may be used in select cases. Uroflowmetry is a basic urodynamic method used for screening. It represents a standard component used in the diagnostic process for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms. Sonouroflowmetry is a new method, which evaluates the urinary flow and lower urinary tract symptoms in a non-invasive manner by analysing the sound generated by a stream of urine striking the water surface in the toilet bowl.

[Intraindividual variability of uroflowmetry in women]. / Intraindividuální variabilita uroflowmetrického vysetrení u zen.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the intraindividual variability of uroflowmetric measurement in women with normal lower urinary tract function. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Departure of obstetrics and gynecology University Hospital and Medical Faculty Ostrava. METHODS: 35 women without lower urinary tract dysfunction were enrolled into the study. Every subject uderwent 3 uroflowmetric examinations. We processed all numeric results. RESULTS: We assessed maximum and average urine flow rate - Qmax, Qave, voided volume - VV, corrected maximum urine flow and corrected average urine flow rate in every of 105 uroflowmetric´s measurements. We did not find any statistically significant difference for evaluation of intraindividual dispersion in studied parameters. CONCLUSION: Intraindividual variability of uroflowmetric´s measurement in healthy female subjects is low. One uroflowmetric´s measurement is adequate for assessment of uroflowmetric´s parameters.. KEYWORDS: uroflowmetry, intraindividual variability, lower urinary tract.