Outcomes of unrelated donor stem cell transplantation with or without anti-thymocyte globulin used as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis in patients with acute leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. / Resultados del trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos de donante no emparentado con o sin globulina antitimocítica como profilaxis de la enfermedad del injerto contra receptor en pacientes con leucemia aguda y síndrome mielodisplásico.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and infections are complications after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) is a strategy used as prophylaxis for GVHD. The study analyses the outcomes and frequency of infections with or without ATG after an unrelated donor alloSCT in patients with acute leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of patients receiving an unrelated donor alloSCT between December 2007 and April 2019. The main outcomes were analysed according to use or not of ATG. RESULTS: Sixty-six patients were included. No significant differences were found between the ATG group (n=50) vs. no-ATG group (n=16) in overall survival, cumulative incidence of relapse, cumulative incidence of non-relapse mortality or cumulative incidence of acute GVHD or chronic GVHD. There was a greater frequency of infections in the ATG group (60 vs. 19%, P=.004). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, no differences were shown in the main outcomes of alloSCT based on the use of ATG, although more infections were documented in the ATG group.

Resultados del trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos de donante no emparentado con o sin globulina antitimocítica como profilaxis de la enfermedad del injerto contra receptor en pacientes con leucemia aguda y síndrome mielodisplásico / Outcomes of unrelated donor stem cell transplantation with or without anti-thymocyte globulin used as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis in patients with acute leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

Fundamento y objetivo: La enfermedad del injerto contra el receptor (EICR) y las infecciones son complicaciones del trasplante alogénico de progenitores hematopoyéticos (alo-TPH). La globulina antitimocítica (ATG) es una estrategia empleada para la profilaxis de la EICR. Este estudio analiza los resultados y la frecuencia de infecciones en función del uso de ATG, después de un alo-TPH de donante no emparentado (DNE) en pacientes con leucemia aguda y síndrome mielodisplásico.Pacientes y métodoEstudio retrospectivo de pacientes que recibieron un alo-TPH de DNE entre diciembre de 2007 y abril de 2019. Se compararon los principales resultados en función del uso de ATG.ResultadosSe incluyó a 66 pacientes. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el grupo ATG (n=50) frente al no ATG (n=16) en supervivencia global, incidencia acumulada de recaída, mortalidad no debida a recaída o incidencia acumulada de EICR aguda o crónica. Hubo mayor frecuencia de infecciones en el grupo ATG (60 frente a 19%; p=0,004).ConclusionesEn este estudio no se demostró diferencia en los principales resultados del alo-TPH en función del uso de ATG, pero hubo más infecciones en el grupo que recibió ATG. (AU)

Background and purpose: Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and infections are complications after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) is a strategy used as prophylaxis for GVHD. The study analyses the outcomes and frequency of infections with or without ATG after an unrelated donor alloSCT in patients with acute leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome.Patients and methodsRetrospective study of patients receiving an unrelated donor alloSCT between December 2007 and April 2019. The main outcomes were analysed according to use or not of ATG.ResultsSixty-six patients were included. No significant differences were found between the ATG group (n=50) vs. no-ATG group (n=16) in overall survival, cumulative incidence of relapse, cumulative incidence of non-relapse mortality or cumulative incidence of acute GVHD or chronic GVHD. There was a greater frequency of infections in the ATG group (60 vs. 19%, P=.004).ConclusionsIn this study, no differences were shown in the main outcomes of alloSCT based on the use of ATG, although more infections were documented in the ATG group. (AU)