Design and operation of the internal dosimetry program for the Chornobyl 'shelter implementation plan'.

The paper discusses the system of individual monitoring for internal exposure, deployed by the Ukrainian Radiation Protection Institute as an integral component of the Shelter Implementation Plan (SIP) at the Chornobyl industrial site. SIP anticipates involving of up to 10,00 workers of numerous SIP contractors. A typical daily shift comprises several hundred workers. Most of them have a direct contact with the irradiated nuclear fuel, fuel-contained aerosols and other contaminated materials on the industrial site. The hierarchical SIP individual monitoring program has been designed with consideration of peculiarities of SIP exposure conditions and aims at the timely and reliable identification of intakes, assessment of doses and initiation of measures for prevention of further intakes.

[The relaxation time anisotropy as a method of assessment of physico-chemical activity of the cerebrospinal fluid in acute stroke]. / Vremya relaksatsii anizotropii kak metod otsenki fiziko-khimicheskoi aktivnosti tserebrospinal'noi zhidkosti pri ostrom narushenii mozgovogo krovoobrashcheniya.

OBJECTIVE: To study the anisotropy relaxation time of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in acute disorders of cerebral circulation compared by analyzing the kinetics of anisotropy relaxation of the dye «rhodamine 6G¼. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study of the samples was performed using a laser confocal fluorescence microscope MicroTime 200 («PicoQuant GmbH¼). Authors used a laser operating at a wavelength of 470 nm with a time resolution of 8 PS with a pulse frequency of 10 MHz. RESULTS: Authors assessed this parameter in CSF of patients with different types of stroke. CONCLUSION: Confocal laser spectrometry can be considered as an objective method of studying CSF changes in patients with lesions of the central nervous system and control of patient status in a clinical setting.

[Influence of body position on intracranial pressure and cerebral hemodynamic in non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhages].

OBJECTIVE: Patient's body position is one of the most important principles of intensive therapy of intracranial hypertension syndrome. It is considered that the provision of the head end of a bed of 15-30 degrees is preferable for the majority of patients with cerebral pathology. We studied hemodynamic parameters at various tilt angles of the body in patients with non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhages. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Hemodynamic parameters (intracerebral pressure, cerebral perfusion, mean arterial pressure ) at various tilt angles were measured in 35 patients with intracranial hemorrhages. RESULTS: Using continuous monitoring of intracranial, cerebral perfusion and mean arterial pressure, we revealed the relationship between hemodynamic indicators and various tilt angles in patients with intracranial hemorrhages of non-traumatic genesis. CONCLUSION: Optimal positions of the head-end of a bed in different periods from disease onset are defined.

[Computerized tomographic semiotics of acute pancreatitis]. / Kompíuterno-tomograficheskaia semiotika ostrogo pancreatita.

In the article, the expediency of the use of computerized tomography in the diagnosis of the different forms of acute pancreatitis in 49 patients is substantiated and results are analysed.

[Modified strategy of the treatment of patients with necrotic pancreatitis]. / Modifitsirovannaia taktika lecheniia bol'nykh s nekroticheskim pankreatitom.

New principle of choice of the surgical treatment method in patients with necrotic pancreatitis was proposed: different operative procedures don't compete one another but are applied in accordance with the disease stage in dynamics. Such tactics permits to choose an optimal surgical approach in every phase of pathologic process course. From 1989 till 1992 the surgical treatment for necrotic pancreatitis was conducted to 54 patients. Pancreatic resection was done to 14 (25.9%) of patients, 4 of whom died. In necrotic focus delimitation or pancreatic tissue sequestration, observed in terms of more than 2 weeks since the disease beginning, necrectomy was conducted in 40 (74.1%) of patients, 4 of whom died.