Successful Resuscitation from Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation by BLS Providers Employing Double Sequential External Defibrillation: A Case Report.

Double sequential external defibrillation (DSED) is a novel treatment option for cardiac arrest patients in refractory ventricular fibrillation (VF). There is limited research, however, examining the efficacy of this treatment in clinical practice. Previous research is further confounded by the use of other treatments such as advanced cardiac life support medications. We present the case of the successful use of DSED for refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest without the use of advanced life support care.