The induction of NOS2 expression by the hybrid cecropin A-melittin antibiotic peptide CA(1-8)M(1-18) in the monocytic line RAW 264.7 is triggered by a temporary and reversible plasma membrane permeation.

There is an increasing awareness of immune cell modulation by antimicrobial peptides. While this process often requires specific receptors for the peptides involved, several reports point out to a receptor-independent process. The cecropin A-melittin hybrid peptide CA(1-8)M(1-18) (KWKLFKKIGIGAVLKVLTTGLPALIS-amide) modifies gene expression in the macrophage line RAW 264.7 in the absence of any previous macrophage priming, suggesting a membrane permeation process. To further analyze the initial steps of this mechanism, we have studied the interaction of the peptide with these cells. Below 2 microM, CA(1-8)M(1-18) causes a concentration-dependent membrane depolarization partially reversible with time. At 2 microM, the accumulation of the SYTOX green vital dye is one half of that achieved with 0.05% Triton X-100. The binding level, as assessed by fluorescein-labeled CA(1-8)M(1-18), varies from 7.7+/-1.2 to 37.4+/-3.9 x 10(6) molecules/cell over a 0.5-4.0 microM concentration range. Electrophysiological experiments with 0.5 microM CA(1-8)M(1-18), a concentration that triggers maximal NOS2 expression and minimal toxicity, show a reversible current induction in the RAW 264.7 plasma membrane that is maintained as far as peptide is present. This activation of the macrophage involves the production of nitric oxide, a metabolite lethal for many pathogens that results from unspecific membrane permeation by antimicrobial peptides, and represents a new mode of action that may open new therapeutic possibilities for these compounds against intracellular pathogens.

Infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST como recaída temprana de una tiroiditis subaguda de De Quervain / Acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation as an early sign of relapse in subacute (De Quervaine) thyroiditis

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Análisis de los resultados de la Cinesioterapia en el tratamiento fisioterapéutico de la Hernia Discal Cervical. Hospital Psiquiátrico de la Habana. 2011 / Analysis of the Kinesiotherapy in the Physiotherapeutic treatment of herniated cervical disk. Psychiatric Hospital of Havana, 2011

La Terapia Física repercute de manera significativa en el tratamiento de la hernia discal. Personas jóvenes socialmente activas se ven incapacitadas de realizar una vida normal por los síntomas que provoca esta lesión del disco intervertebral. El presente trabajo pretende describir los efectos del tratamiento rehabilitador cinesiológico en pacientes con hernia discal cervical operados y no operados. Para ello se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo del año 2010 en el Hospital Psiquiátrico de la Habana tomando como muestra a los 21 pacientes con diagnóstico de hernia discal cervical operada y no operada. Los pacientes fueron en su mayoría del sexo masculino y predominó la cervicalgia baja, con localizaciones topográficas en C5-C6 y C6-C7. El 85 por ciento de los enfermos tuvieron síntomas por más de un año. En todos los pacientes se realizó Radiología simple y TAC con resultados positivos. La Electroterapia se aplicó en todos, constituyendo la base del tratamiento con agentes físicos. Hubo tendencia al mayor empleo de la Cinesioterapia en los no operados, lo cual indica que los pacientes operados fueron tratados más conservadoramente. Aunque un 81 por ciento de los pacientes tuvo alivio del dolor, las dos terceras partes tienen pérdida de fuerza, y una cantidad notable aqueja pérdida de sensibilidad y mareos, persistiendo el cuadro en 19 por ciento de los enfermos. Los datos muestran que la evolución de muchos pacientes no es óptima, sin diferencia notable entre operados y no operados, y que el protocolo de tratamiento empleado, basado en la aplicación de agentes físicos más que en la cinesioterapia, no resultó totalmente efectivo(AU)

The physical therapy results significantly on the treatment of herniated disk. Young person socially active are disable to carried out a normal life due to the symptoms provoked by this inter vertebral disk. The actual paper describes the effects of the kinesiology rehabilitating treatment on patients that has undergone a surgery and on patients that do not and suffering from herniated cervical disk. The majority were masculine patients and was significant the low cerviacalgy with topographic locations on C5-C6 and C6- C7. The 85 percent of the patients presented symptoms for more than a year. In all the patients it was done simple x ray and CAT with positive results. Electrotherapy was applied on all the patients being the base of the treatment with physical agents. There was a greater tendency to apply Kinesiotherapy in patients that did not have a surgery and this indicates that patients with a surgery were treated in a more traditional way. Even though a 85 percent of the patients presented pain relief, the two third parts present lack of strength and a significant amount of patients suffer from lack of sensitive and has dizziness, and the symptoms continue present in 19 percent of the patients. Data show that evolution in most of the patients is not ideal, without notable difference between patients that undergone a surgery and the ones that did not and the used treatment based on the use of physical agents more than Kinesiotherapy did not result totally effective(AU)

Calidad de vida en adultos mayores con hernia discal lumbar. Hospital Psiquiátrico de la Habana. 2010 / Quality of Life in Elder People Suffering from lumbar herniated disk. Psychiatric Hospital of Havana, 2010

La Hernia discal lumbar es la causa más frecuente de dolor lumbar, se presenta en gran parte de la población mundial afectando por igual a ambos sexos, con una elevada frecuencia en consultas, siendo objeto de atención y tratamiento en los centros de Rehabilitación. Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, de corte transversal con el propósito de valorar los efectos de la Termoterapia y Cinesioterapia como tratamiento en el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores con Hernia discal lumbar en el Hospital Psiquiátrico de la Habana en el periodo comprendido entre junio y noviembre del 2010. La muestra quedó conformada por 60 adultos mayores. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, nivel de escolaridad, estado civil, localización del dolor, polifarmacia, funcionalidad y calidad de vida. Se aplicó la Escala de Lawton y Brody, Índice de Katz y Perfil de Salud de Nottingham, instrumento para medir la calidad de vida, antes y después del tratamiento rehabilitador. Se analizaron los datos por métodos estadísticos descriptivos y existió una influencia positiva después del tratamiento reflejado en la puntuación de la escala aplicada donde las dimensiones que sufrieron mayores beneficios fueron: movilidad física y dolor. Se confeccionaron tablas y gráficos donde se expuso la asociación de cada una de las variables. Predominó el grupo etáreo de 60 69 años del sexo femenino, nivel de escolaridad secundaria, estado civil casado. La localización del dolor fue más frecuente en el espacio L4 L5, con una alta incidencia de polifarmacia. Después de realizar el tratamiento rehabilitador según los instrumentos aplicados para evaluar la funcionalidad podemos plantear que los ancianos son independientes. La calidad de vida del adulto mayor presentó cambios favorables después de la rehabilitación(AU)

The lumbar herniated disk is the most frequently cause of lumbar pain, this problem affects a great part of the world inhabitants (both sex), with a high incidence of medical appointments and it is a fact of care and treatment in rehabilitation centers. A descriptive, transversal, prospective study was done with the aim of measure the effects of the Thermotherapy and Kinesiology therapy as treatments on the improvement of the life quality of elders with lumbar herniated disk from the Psychiatric Hospital of Havana, during the period June- November, 2010. The sample was formed by 60 elders. The studied variables were: age, sex, education, marital status, pain location, polypharmacy, functionality and life quality. Lawton and Brody Scale, Katz Index and Nottingham Health Profile were applied to measure quality of life before and after the treatment of rehabilitation. Data were analyzed by means of descriptive and statistical methods and there was a positive influence after the treatment showed on the punctuation of the applied scale where the aspects that reported more benefits were: physical mobility and pain. The graphics done showed the relation of each variable. There was a prevalence of the feminine group aged 60 69, with high school level, married. The location of the pain was more frequent in the space L4 - L5 with a high level of polypharmacy. After applying the rehabilitator treatment and according to the instruments used to measure the function ability, we can say that these elders are independent. The quality of life of these elders showed favorable changes after rehabilitation(AU)

Role of positional hydrophobicity in the leishmanicidal activity of magainin 2.

The emergence of membrane-active antimicrobial peptides as new alternatives against pathogens with multiantibiotic resistance requires the design of better analogues. Among the different physicochemical parameters involved in the optimization of linear antimicrobial peptides, positional hydrophobicity has recently been incorporated. This takes into consideration the concept of the topological distribution of hydrophobic residues throughout the sequence rather than the classical concept of hydrophobicity as a global parameter of the peptide, calculated as the summation of the individual hydrophobicities of the residues. In order to assess the contribution of this parameter to the leishmanicidal mechanisms of magainin 2 analogues, the activities of two of these analogues, MG-H1 (GIKKFLHIIWKFIKAFVGEIMNS) and MG-H2 (IIKKFLHSIWKFGKAFVGEIMNI), which have similar charges, amino acid compositions, and hydrophobicities but different positional hydrophobicities, against Leishmania donovani promastigotes were assayed (T. Tachi, R. F. Epand, R. M. Epand, and K. Matsuzaki, Biochemistry 41:10723-10731, 2002). The activities were compared with that of the parental peptide, F5W-magainin 2 (GIGKWLHSAKKFGKAFVGEIMNS). The three peptides were active at micromolar concentrations, in the order MG-H2 > MG-H1 > F5W-magainin 2. These activities differ from their hemolytic and bactericidal activities. The results demonstrate that positional hydrophobicity, which reflects the presence of short stretches of sequences rich in hydrophobic amino acids, plays an important role in the activities of leishmanicidal peptides.