Effectiveness of traditional chinese medicine (TCM) exercise therapy intervention on the cognitive function in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: There exists a deficiency in a distinct understanding of the intervention effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) exercise therapies (Tai Chi, Yi Jin Jing, Ba Duan Jin, Liu Zi Jue, Qigong, Wu Qin Xi etc.) on cognitive function and its moderating variables in the elderly. This study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of TCM exercise therapies on the cognitive function of the elderly and further propose the best exercise intervention programme to delay the cognitive decline of the elderly. METHODS: PubMed, EBSCO host, Web of Science, EMbase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wan Fang databases were searched for the effects of TCM exercise therapies on the cognitive function in older adults until July 2022. A meta-analysis of the included literature was performed using Stata 12.0 software, with a subgroup analysis of seven moderating variables: subject type, intervention content, intervention duration, intervention frequency, intervention period, study type and sample size. A random effects model was used to combine the overall effect sizes and to test for heterogeneity and publication bias across studies. RESULTS: A total of 20 publications with 1975 subjects were included. The TCM exercise therapies delayed cognitive decline in older adults (d = 0.83; 95 % CI [0.62-1.04]; P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis found that intervention content, intervention duration, intervention frequency, and intervention period were significant moderating variables influencing the effectiveness of the intervention. Among them, the Ba Duan Jin intervention (d = 0.85; 95 % CI [0.65-1.06]; P < 0.001), the duration of each exercise session of 60 min or more (d = 0.86; 95 % CI [0.71-1.00]; P < 0.001), the frequency of exercise of more than 5 times per week (d = 0.80; 95 % CI [0.64-0.96]; P < 0.001) and exercise cycles of 6-9 months (d = 0.96; 95 % CI [0.80-1.12]; P < 0.001) produced the largest effect sizes. CONCLUSION: TCM exercise therapies can effectively improve the cognitive function of the elderly. The best effect on the cognitive function of the elderly was achieved by choosing Ba Duan Jin and exercising at least five times a week for at least 60 min each time for a total of 6-9 months. The effect size of the TCM exercise therapy interventions on the cognitive function in older adults may be overestimated because of publication bias. In addition, large-sample, multicenter, high-quality randomised controlled trials should be conducted to validate this result.

Research Progress on the Effect and Mechanism of Exercise Intervention on Sarcopenia Obesity.

With the increasingly severe situation of obesity and population aging, there is growing concern about sarcopenia obesity (SO). SO refers to the coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia, which imposes a heavier burden on individuals and society compared to obesity or sarcopenia alone. Therefore, comprehending the pathogenesis of SO and implementing effective clinical interventions are vital for its prevention and treatment. This review uses a comprehensive literature search and analysis of PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI databases, with search terms including "Sarcopenic obesity", "exercise", "cytokines", "inflammation", "mitochondrial quality control", and "microRNA", covering relevant studies published up to July 2024. The results indicate that the pathogenesis of SO is complex, involving mechanisms like age-related changes in body composition, hormonal alterations, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and genetic and epigenetic factors. Regarding exercise interventions for SO, aerobic exercise can reduce fat mass, resistance exercise can increase skeletal muscle mass and strength, and combined exercise can achieve both, making it the optimal intervention for SO. The potential mechanisms by which exercise may prevent and treat SO include regulating cytokine secretion, inhibiting inflammatory pathways, improving mitochondrial quality, and mediating microRNA expression. This review emphasizes the effectiveness of exercise interventions in mitigating sarcopenic obesity through comprehensive analysis of its multifactorial pathogenesis and the mechanistic insights into exercise's therapeutic effects. Understanding these mechanisms informs targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at alleviating the societal and individual burdens associated with SO.

Re-evaluation of Mirror Visual Feedback Therapy for a Systematic Evaluation/Meta-analysis of Physical Function Re-education After Stroke.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to re-evaluate the methodological quality and quality of evidence for a systematic evaluation/meta-analysis of the effect of mirror visual feedback therapy on physical function re-education after stroke. METHODS: Systematic evaluations/meta-analyses of mirror visual feedback therapy on physical function re-education after stroke were searched in the China Knowledge Network database, Wanfang database, Vipers database, China Biomedical Literature database, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase using a computer, and the search time frame was up to January 2022. Methodological quality and quality of evidence ratings of the included studies were determined using the AMSTAR2 scale and GRADE classification by two authors. RESULTS: Seventeen publications were included. The evaluation with the AMSTAR2 scale showed that one study had an intermediate quality rating, five had a low-quality rating, and the remaining 11 were all very low quality. The GRADE scale showed 93 outcome indicators, of which 6 were intermediate, 23 were low grades, and the rest were very low grades, with low overall quality. CONCLUSIONS: Mirror visual feedback therapy is efficacious for physical function re-education after stroke and promotes recovery from physical dysfunction, but the methodological quality and quality of evidence from the related systematic evaluations/meta-analyses are low.

Sports mechanics rehabilitation effects on knee and muscle / Os efeitos da reabilitação mecânica do esporte sobre o joelho e o músculo / Los efectos de la rehabilitación mecánica del deporte sobre la rodilla y el músculo

ABSTRACT Introduction: The knee joint is a complex and important joint in the human body. It plays an active role in maintaining posture balance of the human body in sports, allowing one to bear a larger load and complete various complex technical movements. Objective: To investigate the stability and influence of kinemechanics in knee joint rehabilitation training. Methods: A total of 80 patients with anterior cruciate ligament injury who received treatment in Henan Provincial People's Hospital were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. Results: Six months after surgery, the peak torque (PT), peak torque to body weight ratio (PT/BWT), total work (TWT), Lysholm score and Tegner score, and knee circumference of the two groups were significantly improved compared with those before surgery (P <0.01). The degree of improvement was greater in the observation group:compared with the control group, the difference was highly statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusions: Professional exercise rehabilitation has a definite effect on patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. It can significantly improve the muscle strength of quadriceps and hamstring, improve the function of knee joint and promote its recovery. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMO Introdução: A junta do joelho é uma junta complexa e importante para o corpo humano. Tem um papel ativo na manutenção do equilíbrio postural do corpo humano nos esportes, permitindo que se suporte cargas maiores e que se realize vários movimentos técnicos complexos. Objetivo: Investigar a estabilidade e influência da cinemática no treino para reabilitação da junta do joelho. Métodos: Um total de 80 pacientes com lesão de ligamento cruzado anterior que receberam tratamento no Hospital do Povo da Província de Henan foram selecionados e divididos em grupo de controle e grupo de observação, de acordo com o método de tabela numérica aleatória, com 40 casos em cada grupo. Resultados: Seis meses após a cirurgia, o torque de pico (TP), a proporção torque de pico-peso corporal (TP-PC), trabalho total (TT), escore Lysholm e escore Tegner, e a circunferência do joelho dos dois grupos melhoraram significativamente em relação à antes da cirurgia (P <0.01). O grau de recuperação foi maior no grupo de observação: comparado com o grupo de controle, a diferença é estatisticamente significativa (P <0.01). Conclusões: A reabilitação com exercícios profissionais definitivamente tem efeito em pacientes após a reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior, pois pode aumentar a força muscular de quadríceps e tendões, melhorar a função da junta do joelho e levar a sua recuperação. Nível de evidência II; estudos terapêuticos - investigação de resultados de tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: La articulación de la rodilla es compleja e importante para el cuerpo humano. Tiene un papel activo en la manutención del equilibrio postural del cuerpo humano en los deportes, permitiendo que se soporte cargas mayores y que se realice varios movimientos técnicos complejos. Objetivo: Investigar la estabilidad e influencia de la cinemática en el entrenamiento para rehabilitación de la articulación de la rodilla. Métodos: Se seleccionó un total de 80 pacientes con lesión de ligamento cruzado anterior que recibieron tratamiento en el Hospital del Pueblo de la Provincia de Henan y se los dividió en grupo de control y grupo de observación, de acuerdo con el método de tabla de números aleatorios, con 40 casos en cada grupo. Resultados: Seis meses tras la cirugía, el torque de pico (TP), la proporción torque de pico-peso corporal (TP-PC), trabajo total (TT), puntuación Lysholm y puntuación Tegner, y la circunferencia de la rodilla de los dos grupos mejoraron significativamente en relación a antes de la cirugía (P<0.01). El grado de recuperación fue mayor en el grupo de observación: comparado con el grupo de control, la diferencia es estadísticamente significativa (P<0.01). Conclusiones: La rehabilitación con ejercicios profesionales definitivamente tiene efecto en pacientes tras la reconstrucción del ligamento cruzado anterior, pues puede aumentar la fuerza muscular de cuádriceps y tendones, mejorar la función de la articulación de la rodilla y llevar a su recuperación. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de resultados de tratamiento.

Modern physical training concepts and approachs into public physical education in colleges and universities / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Public physical education teaching has adopted modern concepts and approachs of physical training to highlight the importance and effectiveness of physical education in colleges and universities in China. These courses have placed an emphasis on the need to attend to the structural integrity of the human body, optimizing the basic action mode and the efficient transmission of the power chain in motion. From the perspective of curriculum education, it is helpful to update ideas surrounding the public physical education curriculum in colleges and universities to enrich the content of public physical education courses provided by these institutions and to improve the scientific nature of training, while also enhancing the physical fitness of college students and promoting lifelong sports consciousness. However, there is insufficient explanation and implementation of modern physical training concepts and approachs into the teaching and process of public sports in colleges and universities. It will be beneficial to improve its top level design, increase policy support, provide better facilities, strengthen the construction of teachers, actively organize enjoyable physical fitness competitions, enrich the teaching content system and clear on the positioning of college physical education, in order to promote the fundamental tasks of school based physical education and the value of school sports. This is also important to ensure a renewal of the concept of the public physical education curriculum in our country, and encourage reform of the curriculum content, teaching mode and teaching methods, while also highlighting the essential function of physical training.