Analysis of specific serum markers of colon carcinoma using a Bhattacharyya-based support vector machine.

We aimed to evaluate the specificity of 12 tumor markers related to colon carcinoma and identify the most sensitive index. Bhattacharyya distance was used to evaluate the index. Then, different index combinations were used to establish a support vector machine (SVM) diagnosis model of malignant colon carcinoma. The accuracy of the model was checked. High accuracy was assumed to indicate the high specificity of the index. The Bhattacharyya distances of carcinoembryonic antigen, neuron-specific enolase, alpha-feto protein, and CA724 were the largest, and those of CYFRA21-І, CA125, and UGT1A83 were the second largest. The specificity of the combination of the above seven indexes was higher than that of other combinations, and the accuracy of the established SVM identification model was high. Using Bhattacharyya distance detection and establishing an SVM model based on different serum marker combinations can increase diagnostic accuracy, providing a theoretical basis for application of mathematical models in cancer diagnosis.

One-stage microneurovascular free abductor hallucis muscle transplantation for reanimation of facial paralysis.

We introduce a new method using abductor hallucis muscle free transplantation for reanimation of the cheek with long-standing facial palsy in six young patients. The muscle is used to reanimate facial palsy because it has many unique advantages: (1) appropriate size and shape of the muscle and adequate bulk, (2) closely parallel alignment and unvaried anatomy of the main vessels and nerve distribution to the muscle, (3) a long neurovascular pedicle, (4) easy surgical isolation of the muscle and its neurovascular pedicle, and (5) no functional deficit after muscle removal. The nerve and muscle grafts can be performed by microneurovascular anastomosis in one surgical procedure. The follow-up period was over 1 year. A satisfactory result was obtained in five of six patients.

[Vagina reconstruction with perineal axial flaps].

Since Nov. 1988, 4 cases of vagina reconstruction were performed using perineal axial flaps with excellent results. The perineal axial flap contains posterior labial artery which penetrates the perineal fascia to the subcutaneous layer at the middle point between the posterior commissura and the root of the thigh, proceeds to the mons pubis along the lateral side about 1.5 cm to the labium majus. The flap 4 x 9 - 5 x 10 cm in size was designed according to the orientation of the artery from the root of the thigh to the labium majus on each side respectively. It was taken up, sutured as sack, and transferred to artificial cavity made between the bladder and rectum Donor sites were closed directly.

[Vascularized free tissue transplantation. A report of 147 cases].

From May 1978 to Dec. 1990, 147 cases of vascularized free tissue transplantation for repairing tissue defects or reconstructing superficial organ have been carried out. Their overall survival rate was 95.9%. Among them, 88 flaps were used and its survival rate was 95.4%, 25 cases (17%) of various complications occurred in the donor sites.

[Experimental study on the reconstruction of vascular links between a pedicle skin flap with preserved subcutaneous vascular network and its implanting bed].

A comparative study of skin flap with a preserved subcutaneous vascular network and conventional skin flap was undertaken in rats with determination of skin temperature, laser Doppler, ink perfusion, microangiography and transparent specimen technics. It was found that all the skin flaps with a preserved subcutaneous vascular network survived after transplantation. Three hours postoperation, the flap microcirculation was poorest (LDF, 28% of the preoperative value). Six hours postoperation, it began to augment, and microvessels containing ink could be seen under microscope at 24 hours, as compared to 3 days postoperation in the controls. On the fifth day, LDF returned to the preoperative level, and the diameter and density of reformed microvessels were similar to the vessels of the adjacent skin. This phenomenon only occurred on the 7th day in the controls. After division of the pedicle on the fifth day, all the flaps survived, while the controls showed partial necrosis. The results indicate that skin flaps with a preserved subcutaneous vascular network can survive on the blood flow of pedicle in the early stage, at 24 hours postoperation flap microvessels begin to reform, and on the fifth day flaps can survive on the reformed microcirculation in spite of the severance of the pedicle.

[Comparative study of microvascular anastomotic clips and suture in small vessel anastomosis].

OBJECTIVE: To explore an ideal way of small vessel anastomosis for microsurgery. METHODS: Anastomosis of both carotid arteries were performed in 20 rabbits. One side of the arteries were anastomosed with anastomotic clips, the other side of the arteries, as comparison, were anastomosed with suture. The vessels were harvested at first and 14th day after operation and were evaluated using operating microscope, light microscope and electronic microscope. RESULTS: The average anastomotic time for suture was about 15 minutes, while for the clips was 2 to 5 minutes. There were no difference in patency between the two techniques. Endothelialization at the anastomotic sites were both completed 14 days postoperatively. However, for the anastomotic clips, there were no endothelia damage and foreign bodies formation inside the vessels. CONCLUSION: This experiment has confirmed that the anastomotic clip's procedure provides a very safe and easy way to perform anastomosis and reduce the incidence of thromboses.

[Changes of the responses of arterioles to noradrenaline, acetylcholine and nitroglycerin after limb ischemia-reperfusion].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of microvascular spasm after limb ischemia-reperfusion. METHODS: The rabbit hindlimb normothermic tourniquet ischemia model was employed. The tendon on the dorsum of the foot was exposed for observation of microvessels. The responses of arterioles on tendon surface to topical application of 10(-6) mol/L noradrenaline (NE) (a vasoconstrictor), 10(-6) mol/l acetylcholine(Ach) (an endothelium-dependent vasodilator) and 10(-4) mol/L nitroglycerin(NTG) (an endothelium-independent vasodilator) were observed at the period of ischemia and following 30 minutes of reperfusion after 2 hours and 5 hours of ischemia by use of intravital microscopy. RESULTS: No significant changes in the responses of arterioles to NE, Ach and NTG were noted following 30 minutes of reperfusion after 2 hours of ischemia compared with pre-ischemia. The constrictor responses of arterioles to NE were still not significantly altered following 30 minutes of reperfusion after 5 hours of ischemia, however, the dilation responses to Ach and NTG were significantly decreased (to Ach P < 0.01; to NTG, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Reperfusion after 5 hours of ischemia significantly impairs both the endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilation, meanwhile preserves constrictor responses to NE, these may contribute to the genesis of the vasospasm in ischemia reperfusion.