Perception of Esthetic Impact of Smile Line in Complete Denture Wearers by Different Age Groups.

PURPOSE: To evaluate esthetic perceptions based on tooth exposure when smiling of patients wearing complete dentures by evaluators in different age groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Alterations were made to a front view photograph of a smiling patient wearing complete maxillary and mandibular dentures. Alterations in the smile line were simulated to increase or decrease tooth exposure (increments of 0.5 mm). For this purpose, image manipulation software was used. After manipulation, images were printed on photo paper, attached to a questionnaire, and distributed to individuals in three age groups (n = 150). To evaluate the esthetic perception for each image, a visual analog scale was used, with 0 representing least attractive, 5 representing attractive, and 10 representing very attractive. Differences between examiners were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. All statistical analyses were performed with a degree of confidence of 95%. RESULTS: Two evaluators did not observe any differences between images. The images given the best and worst scores were E and O (alterations of 2 and 7 mm), respectively, in the 15- to 19-year-old group, B and O (alterations of 0.5 and 7 mm), respectively, in the 35- to 44-year-old group, and A and M (no alteration and 6 mm alteration), respectively, in the 65- to 74-year-old group. When the images were presented together (images 1 and 2), the unaltered image was selected by individuals of different age groups as the best, and the image with a change of 7 mm was selected as the worst. CONCLUSION: In this study, complete dental prostheses with smile lines that coincided with the cervical margins of the anterior teeth were the most acceptable. Less exposure of the maxillary teeth when smiling corresponded with decreased attractiveness.

Temperature, sediment resuspension, and salinity drive the prevalence of Vibrio vulnificus in the coastal Baltic Sea.

The number of Vibrio-related infections in humans, e.g., by Vibrio vulnificus, has increased along the coasts of the Baltic Sea. Due to climate change, vibriosis risk is expected to increase. It is, therefore, pertinent to design a strategy for mitigation of the vibriosis threat in the Baltic Sea area, but a prerequisite is to identify the environmental conditions promoting the occurrence of pathogenic Vibrio spp., like V. vulnificus. To address this, we sampled three coastal Baltic sites in Finland, Germany, and Denmark with salinities between 6 and 21 from May to October 2022. The absolute and relative abundances of Vibrio spp. and V. vulnificus in water were compared to environmental conditions, including the presence of the eelgrass Zostera marina, which has been suggested to reduce pathogenic Vibrio species abundance. In the water column, V. vulnificus only occurred at the German station between July and August at salinity 8.1-11.2. Temperature and phosphate (PO43-) were identified as the most influencing factors for Vibrio spp. and V. vulnificus. The accumulation of Vibrio spp. in the sediment and the co-occurrence with sediment bacteria in the water column indicate that sediment resuspension contributed to V. vulnificus abundance. Interestingly, V. vulnificus co-occurred with specific cyanobacteria taxa, as well as specific bacteria associated with cyanobacteria. Although we found no reduction in Vibrio spp. or V. vulnificus associated with eelgrass beds, our study underscores the importance of extended heatwaves and sediment resuspension, which may elevate the availability of PO43-, for Vibrio species levels at intermediate salinities in the Baltic Sea. IMPORTANCE: Elevated sea surface temperatures are increasing the prevalence of pathogenic Vibrio at higher latitudes. The recent increase in Vibrio-related wound infections and deaths along the Baltic coasts is, therefore, of serious health concern. We used culture-independent data generated from three Baltic coastal sites in Denmark, Germany, and Finland from May to October (2022), with a special focus on Vibrio vulnificus, and combined it with environmental data. Our temporal model shows that temperature, combined with sediment resuspension, drives the prevalence of V. vulnificus at intermediate salinities in the coastal Baltic Sea.

Treatment protocol for denture stomatitis, prior to anatomical molding.

BACKGROUND: Microorganisms of the genus Candida have been recovered from complete dentures made of acrylic resin, with high numbers of colony forming units and species diversity, which can act as infectious agents causing chronic atrophic candidiasis (denture stomatitis). OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper is present a treatment protocol for chronic atrophic candidiasis (denture stomatitis). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The work describes three cases of totally edentulous patients presenting palate stomatitis who were submitted for treatment associating denture rebasing with chemically-activated acrylic resin, night immersion in 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and use of topical antifungals for two weeks. RESULTS: In all cases, remission of the inflammatory process occurred. CONCLUSION: The proposed treatment protocol proved to be to be effective.

An assessment of the public health surveillance strategy based on molecular testing during three major pandemic waves of COVID-19 in Brazil.

A national laboratory-based surveillance system was adapted to monitor the situation of SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil. The objective of the study was to compare the challenges in implementing COVID-19 surveillance strategies based on the Ministry of Health's (MoH) distribution of RT-PCR tests to different types of laboratories. This retrospective study analyzed the MoH's testing policies and distribution of RT-PCR tests to laboratories during the first, second, and third waves. Recipient laboratories were divided into groups: public health laboratories that belonged to the national network of public health laboratories (Group 1); public laboratories granted authorization during the pandemic (Group 2); and High-Capacity Testing Centers (Group 3). We analyzed the timing and duration of COVID-19 testing policies and the allocation of tests to laboratories by group and wave. Using t-tests, we analyzed the difference in the weekly average of tests distributed to labs by group and using Pearson's correlation coefficient, analyzed the test distribution according to infection and death rates. Between epiweek 9, 2020, and epiweek 22, 2022, the MoH distributed an average of 263,004 RT-PCR tests per week. The weekly average of tests distributed was highest in the second wave (310,327 tests), followed by the first (218,005 tests) and third waves (201,226 tests). There was a significant increase in the mean weekly tests distributed in the second wave compared to the first and third waves (p = 0.047; IC 8.29-1110.71). We found a significant difference between the weekly average of tests distributed in the first and second wave (p < 0.001; IC -209.83-76.20) to Group 2. Group 3 received the second-highest number of tests from the MoH overall, with a reduction during the third wave to first-wave levels. The distribution of RT-PCR tests was not correlated with the case and death incidence.

The seafloor from a trait perspective. A comprehensive life history dataset of soft sediment macrozoobenthos.

Biological trait analysis (BTA) is a valuable tool for evaluating changes in community diversity and its link to ecosystem processes as well as environmental and anthropogenic perturbations. Trait-based analytical techniques like BTA rely on standardised datasets of species traits. However, there are currently only a limited number of datasets available for marine macrobenthos that contain trait data across multiple taxonomic groups. Here, we present an open-access dataset of 16 traits for 235 macrozoobenthic species recorded throughout multiple sampling campaigns of the Dutch Wadden Sea; a dynamic soft bottom system where humans have long played a substantial role in shaping the coastal environment. The trait categories included in this dataset cover a variety of life history strategies that are tightly linked to ecosystem functioning and the resilience of communities to (anthropogenic) perturbations and can advance our understanding of environmental changes and human impacts on the functioning of soft bottom systems.

Persistent organic pollutants and contaminants of emerging concern in spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris) from the Western Atlantic Ocean.

The presence and distribution of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) were evaluated in spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris) from the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (Western Atlantic Ocean). Blubber samples (n = 37) were Soxhlet extracted and analyzed using gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The levels of POPs reported in this study are far below those previously reported in spinner dolphins from the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Despite relatively low levels of contaminants, the presence of chemicals represents an additional stressor to these marine mammals, which are subject to increasing anthropogenic pressures, especially regarding tourism activities, in Fernando de Noronha.

Correlation between factors associated with the removable partial dentures use and Candida spp. in saliva.

OBJECTIVES: To correlate the presence and number of Candida spp. in the saliva of wearers of removable partial dentures retained with precision attachments with the proportion of metal/acrylic resin present in the dentures. METHODS: Saliva samples from 40 removable partial denture wearers (test) and one paired sample of individuals, non-wearers of any type of removable denture (control) were collected, seeded, and the colony forming units of Candida counted and identified. The metal/acrylic resin proportion of each denture was quantified, using silicone plates pressed over each denture. RESULTS: Candida spp. was found in the saliva of 80% of the individuals in the test group and 65% of the control, with C. albicans being the most prevalent species. The test group presented with the highest number of colony forming units of Candida per ml of saliva, and there was weak correlation between this number and the metal and resin area of the denture (Pearson's coefficient of correlation). Greater prevalence and a higher number of colony forming units of Candida per ml of saliva occurred in removable partial denture wearers (p = 0.04) with a weak positive correlation between the metal and resin area and the number of colony forming units of Candida per ml of saliva. However, this correlation was more significant for the area of resin.

Functional changes in benthic macrofaunal communities along a natural gradient of hypoxia in an upwelling system.

Increasing global concern has been raised about the expansion of hypoxia in coastal waters and its potential to impact benthic ecosystems. Upwelling areas offer opportunities to study the effects of hypoxia on benthic communities under natural conditions. We used a biological trait-based approach and estimated functional diversity indices to assess macrobenthic community functioning along a depth gradient associated with naturally increasing hypoxia and concentrations of organic matter in the upwelling zone of northern Chile (South-East Pacific) over two years. Our results highlighted the increasing dominance of opportunistic biological traits associated with hypoxia and high organic matter content. Habitat filtering was the main process affecting the studied communities. Functional diversity patterns were persistent overtime despite the occurrence of a pulse of oxygenation. This study contributes to our understanding of how natural hypoxia impacts macrobenthic communities, providing useful information in the context of increasing eutrophication due to human influence on coastal areas.

The barnacle Chthamalus bisinuatus is the only sessile invertebrate colonizing oil patches on beachrocks one year after a massive oil spill on the Northeastern Brazilian coast.

A large-scale oil spill has reached over 3000 km of the NE Brazilian coast since August 2019. The cause and origin of this spill remain mysterious, and the impacts on coastal ecosystems have not been clearly understood so far. Despite the efforts to remove the oil (mainly from local communities), oil stains are still present in beaches, mangroves, and beachrocks. In this short report, we describe the occurrence of the barnacle Chthamalus bisinuatus Pilsbry, 1916 colonizing oil spill stains on intertidal surfaces of beachrocks one year after the first oil records. We quickly assessed oil stains across three different reefs located at the Conde municipality, Bahia (NE Brazil), where the species was identified and its density on oil stains calculated. The occurrence of barnacles in oil stains was restricted to zones in the wake of the reefs. Their densities varied from 0 to 238 ind./dm2, with an average of 34 ± 68 ind./dm2. If we account for dead individuals (empty barnacle plates), they correspond to 25.9% of the sampled population. The presence of oil possibly affected barnacle survival rates but did not seem to prevent barnacle individuals from reaching adult sizes. We also found individuals of the snail Echinolittorina lineolata (d'Orbigny, 1840) crawling on these barnacles, indicating that the barnacle assemblages on oil stains are stable enough to provide refuge for these snails. It is not clear if the presence of barnacles on oil reflects the resistance of these crustaceans to the oil toxicity or is just a result of a low substrate selectivity by the cypris larvae.

A desert in the ocean - Depauperate fouling communities on marine litter in the hyper-oligotrophic South Pacific Subtropical Gyre.

The hyper-oligotrophic waters of the South Pacific Subtropical Gyre (SPSG) and the productive coastal Humboldt Current System (HCS) constitute an extreme nutrient gradient in the eastern South Pacific Ocean. Rich and dense fouling communities are known from floating objects in the HCS, but they have not been studied in the SPSG and it is not known which factors are influencing their richness and abundance. Here we present the first extensive study of rafting by marine invertebrates on floating anthropogenic debris in the eastern SPSG. We compared the effect of 9 raft-related categorical predictors on epibiont richness and fouling cover. Raft complexity was the most important predictor of richness. Fouling was dominated by thin crusts and biofilms, with more advanced communities only observed on few items. Fouling cover could not be predicted by any of the categorical factors tested. However, when tested as continuous predictors, raft volume and surface area were significantly correlated with both cover and richness. The most frequently encountered epibionts were common pelagic rafters, particularly Lepas spp., Planes spp., and Jellyella spp. Low fouling cover suggests that the SPSG's hyper-oligotrophic conditions strongly limit fouling growth, while the low frequency of coastal taxa points to the HCS/SPSG nutrient gradient acting as a filter for such organisms.

Tratamento integrado para correção do sorriso gengival: relato de caso / Integrated treatment for correction of gingival smile: case report

O sorriso gengival possui inúmeras causas, podendo acontecer por motivos esqueléticos, musculares ou por alteração no desenvolvimento dos tecidos de suporte. No entanto, na atualidade, a estética vermelha e a branca têm se apresentado completamente passíveis de transformações e com uma gama de procedimentos cirúrgicos ou não cirúrgicos para sanar as queixas dos pacientes. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é mostrar o poder que a odontologia tem frente às questões estéticas, como, por exemplo, a vergonha de sorrir por não se sentir confortável com os dentes curtos e com uma grande faixa de gengiva sendo exposta. O método utilizado foi um relato de caso. Que descreve todos os passos clínicos do tratamento de um paciente de 40 anos, que estava insatisfeita com o seu sorriso por apresentar erupção passiva alterada juntamente com hiperatividade do lábio superior. O plano de tratamento escolhido foi de realizar a cirurgia de aumento de coroa clínica estético, seguido de clareamento dentário e posteriormente um reposicionamento labial, com ajuda da toxina botulínica. Finalizando, para ajudar na cicatrização, o uso de laserterapia. O resultado de todo o processo cirúrgico envolvido neste trabalho, é satisfação do paciente, materializando o sonho deste, devolvendo segurança e espontaneidade ao sorrir. Pôde-se observar que através da combinação de técnicas cirúrgicas periodontais para tratar o sorriso gengival, obtém-se êxito tanto no sentido científico quanto no biológico, alcançando um sorriso esteticamente mais atrativo(AU)

Gummy smile has numerous causes, which can occur for skeletal or muscular reasons or due to changes in the development of supporting tissues. However, nowadays, the red and white aesthetics have been completely capable of transformation and with a range of surgical or non-surgical procedures to resolve patients' complaints. The general objective of this work is to show the power that dentistry has in the face of aesthetic issues, such as, for example, the shame of smiling due to not feeling comfortable with short teeth and a large strip of gum being exposed. The method used was a case report. Which describes all the clinical steps of the treatment of a 40-year-old patient, who was dissatisfied with her smile due to an altered passive eruption together with hyperactivity of the upper lip. The chosen treatment plan was to perform aesthetic clinical crown augmentation surgery, followed by tooth whitening and later lip repositioning, with the help of botulinum toxin. Finally, to help with healing, the use of laser therapy. The result of the entire surgical process involved in this work is patient satisfaction, materializing the patient's dream, restoring security and spontaneity when smiling. It was observed that through the combination of periodontal surgical techniques to treat gummy smile, success is achieved both in the scientific and biological sense, achieving a more aesthetically attractive smile(AU)

Multidisciplinary Treatment of a Double First Mandibular Premolar.

Gemination aka twinning and fusion, are rare occurrences in posterior mandibular teeth, often requiring endodontic and surgical treatment for functional, orthodontic or cosmetic reasons. The diagnosis and design of a precise treatment plan in cases involving double teeth are in most cases challenging. The purpose of this case report is to describe a successful multidisciplinary treatment protocol for a double tooth. Upon completion of the endodontic, restorative and orthodontic treatments, the clinical and radiographic three-year follow-up revealed that the rest of the transected premolar showed evidence of healing of the supporting tissues and satisfactory cosmetic result.

Public health educational projects in Brazil: revealing the influence of contexts - social, political and of the world of work - over time / Projetos formativos em saúde pública no Brasil: para evidenciar as influências dos contextos sociais, políticos e do mundo do trabalho ao longo do tempo

ABSTRACT This article analyzes the breadth of experiences of educational projects in Public Health/ Collective Health in Brazil, with an emphasis on contextual elements, so as to point out characteristics and key questions present in the Brazilian experience of this mode of education. The work and education of sanitarians are traced historically, and their contradictions, alignments and perspectives identified. This will be discussed over six different historical periods starting in 1889, on the basis of the following analytical categories: a) socio-political conjunction; b) sanitarians practice; c) educational projects; and d) institutionalization and organization of public health. An analytical table is presented and discussed. Based on it, evidence of the mutual influence over time of socio-health contexts, educational projects and sanitarians world of work is pointed out. The challenge is to provide a counter-hegemonic education vis-à-vis the capitalist model, and that Public Health/Collective Health graduates manage to position themselves and work within this perspective. Making adaptations to the educational project seems valid. However, it may not be enough to alter structural tensions, since the political and economic setting has historically determined 'for what', 'where', 'how' and 'for whom' sanitarians work.

RESUMO O presente artigo analisa os projetos formativos em Saúde Pública/Saúde Coletiva no Brasil no conjunto de suas experiências, com destaque para elementos contextuais, de forma a apontar características e questões centralmente presentes na experiência brasileira dessa modalidade formativa. Será dada historicidade ao trabalho e a formação do sanitarista, pontuando suas contradições, seus alinhamentos e suas perspectivas. Isso será analisado a partir de categorias analíticas que representam seis períodos históricos distintos a partir de 1889: a) conjunção sócio-político; b) prática do sanitarista; c) projeto formativo; d) institucionalização e organização da saúde pública. Um quadro analítico é apresentado e discutido, a partir dele são apontadas as evidências de mútua influência entre os contextos sócio sanitários e os projetos formativos e o mundo do trabalho do sanitarista ao longo do tempo. O desafio é fazer uma formação contra hegemônica ao modelo de produção capitalista e que egressos de bacharelados em Saúde Pública/Saúde Coletiva consigam se inserir e atuar nessa perspectiva. Fazer adaptações ao projeto formativo parece válido, no entanto, pode não ser suficiente para mudar as tensões estruturais, já que a conjuntura política e econômica historicamente tem determinado o 'para que', o 'onde', o 'como' e o 'para quem' o sanitarista trabalha. PALAVRAS-CHAVE Saúde pública. Sistema Único de Saúde. Pessoal da saúde. Educação em saúde. Política de saúde.

Avaliação da resistência de união entre infraestruturas de zircônia e porcelanas de cobertura / Evaluation of bond strength between zirconia frameworks and liner ceramics

A resistência de união entre porcelana de cobertura e uma infraestrutura cerâmica determina a longevidade desse tipo de restauração no meio bucal. O propósito do atual trabalho é verificar a resistência da união entre duas infraestruturas de zircônia e dois tipos de porcelana de cobertura. Foram confeccionados 20 corpos de prova em infraestrutura de zircônia, Ceramill e Lava Frame. As porcelanas de cobertura foram aplicadas por condensação e estratificação e divididas em 04 grupos experimentais: G-1 Lava Frame/Vita VM9 (n=5); G-2 Lava Frame/e-Max Ceram (n=5); G-3 Ceramill ZI/Vita VM9 (n=5) e G-4 Ceramill ZI/e-Max Ceram (n=5). Os corpos de prova foram submetidos ao ensaio de cisalhamento em máquina de ensaio universal e os resultados submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) a dois critérios. Os experimentos mostraram valores médios de força de cisalhamento de 792,52N para o G-1, e para o G-2 de 741,95N. Nos Grupos 3 e 4, os valores encontrados foram 757,19N e 745,03N, respectivamente. Os resultados não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes para os grupos experimentais. Os fatores tipo de cerâmica e o tipo de porcelana de cobertura não exerceram influência na resistência de união (AU).

The bond strength between lining porcelain and a ceramic framework determines the longevity of this type of restoration in the oral medium. The purpose of the present study was to verify the bond strength between two zirconia frameworks and two types of liner porcelains. A total of 20 test specimens of zirconia frameworks made of Ceramill ZI (n=10) and Lava Frame (n=10) were manufactured. The liner porcelains were applied by condensation and stratification, and were divided into 4 experimental groups: G-1 Lava Frame/Vita VM9 (n=5); G-2 Lava Frame/e-Max Ceram; G-3 Ceramill ZI/Vita VM9; and G-4 Ceramill ZI/e-Max Ceram. The test specimens were submitted to shear bond strength testing in a universal test machine, and the results were submitted to two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The experiments showed mean shear bond strength values of 792.52N for G-1; and 741.95N for G-2. In Groups 3 and 4, the values found were 757.19 and 745.03 N, respectively. The results obtained showed no statistically significant differences for the experimental groups. The factors type of ceramic and type of liner porcelain had no influence on the shear bond strength (AU).

Antimicrobial activity of different dental cements on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Atividade antimicrobiana de diferentes cimentos odontológicos sobre Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

The objective of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the possible antimicrobial activity against the A actinomycetemcomytans of three dental cements: glass-ionomer cement, zinc phosphate cement and resin cement. Material and Methods: Strains of A actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 29522 were used. The microorganism was grown in BHI Agar and transferred to tubes containing sterile saline solution. The suspension was calibrated to a similar turbidity to the 0.5 tube from McFarland scale. A base layer consisting of 20 ml of BHI agar was placed in sterile Petri 90 x 15 mm plates. After solidification, was added 0,1 uL of microbial suspension, and three wells with 6 mm in diameter and 1mm deep were made, the wells were filled with cements with zinc phosphate cement, glass-ionomer cement and resin cement indicated for permanent cementation for fixed prostheses immediately after handling and positive (chlorhexidine) and negative (saline) controls. Results: After 48 hours the presence or absence of inhibition halo of microbial growth was analyzed around the specimens. Conclusion: Zinc phosphate cement and glass ionomer cement tested showed antibacterial activity against Aactinomycetemcomitans unlike resin cement.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar in vitro a ação antibacteriana de três cimentos odontológicos utilizados para fixação de próteses fixas: ionômero de vidro (Vitro CemR), fosfato de zinco (Cimento LSR) e cimento resinoso (Dual CementR) ao microrganismo Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 29522. A espécie foi ajustada a 0,5 de MacFarland. Foi realizado o teste de difusão em ágar em triplicata, em meio BHI onde 0,1µL foi semeado por placa. Um corpo de prova em formato de disco de cada material foi colocado em poços de 6mm de profundidade. Como controles positivo e negativo foram utilizados clorexidina e soro fisiológico respectivamente. Após a distribuição dos corpos de prova, as placas foram incubadas a 37ºC por 48 horas. O halo de inibição formado foi mensurado. O cimento resinoso não apresentou atividade antibacteriana, diferentemente do fosfato de zinco e ionômero de vidro, que apresentaram positividade em todas as amostras, havendo diferença entre eles com o fosfato de zinco apresentando maior atividade. Cimentos de fosfato de zinco e ionômero de vidro possuem atividade antimicrobiana, diferentemente dos cimentos resinosos.

Identificação de micro-organismos do gêneroCandida na saliva de usuários de prótese total convencional e prótese total fixa sobre implantes / Identification of Candida genus microorganisms in saliva of conventional denture and fixed dentures on implants users

Candida albicans é a espécie mais encontrada em relação às demais em pacientes usuários de próteses dentárias acrílicas. Colonização por espécies do gêneroCandida comumente associam-se à estomatite protética. O objetivo desse estudo foi isolar, quantificar e identificar espécies do gêneroCandidaem amostras de saliva em usuários de prótese total convencional e prótese total fixa sobre implantes. Foram coletados 20 ml de saliva não estimulada de indivíduos voluntários sistemicamente saudáveis. 100 µ de cada amostra de saliva foram semeados separadamente no meio Agar Sabouraud dextrose cloranfenicol (Difco) e no Chromagar. Após o período de incubação, foi feita a contagem das Unidades Formadoras de Colônias (UFC). As colônias foram transferidas para tubos contendo caldo Sabouraud Dextrose, para posterior identificação. No grupo de usuários de prótese total convencional, foram encontradas duas espécies: Candida albicans (50%) e Candida tropicalis (50%), no grupo de usuários de prótese fixa sobre implantes foram encontradas as espécies C. tropicalis (70%) e C. krusei (30%). Conclui-se que: micro-organismos do gênero Candida estão presentes na saliva de usuários de prótese total convencional e fixa sobre implantes (AU).

Candida albicans is the species most commonly found in relation to other species in patients users of acrylic denture. Colonization by species of the genus Candida are commonly associated with denture stomatitis. The aim of this study was to isolate, quantify and identify species of the genus Candida in saliva samples in conventional denture and fixed dentures on implants users. It was collected 20 ml of unstimulated saliva of systemically healthy volunteers. 100 µ of each saliva sample were seeded separately in the middle Sabouraud Agar chloramphenicol dextrose (Difco) and Chromagar. After the incubation period the counting of Colony Forming Units (CFU) was performed. The colonies were transferred to tubes containing Sabouraud Dextrose broth, for later identification. In the conventional denture user group two species were found: Candida albicans (50%) and Candida tropicalis (50%), in the fixed dentures on implants user group were found the C. tropicalis species (70%) and C. krusei (30%). In conclusion: microorganisms of Candida genus are present in the saliva of conventional and fixed denture on implants users (AU).

Adaptação de pino/núcleos metálicos fundidos modelados com diferentes resinas acrílicas / Adjustment of cast metal post/cores modeled with diferente acylic resins

Aim: Evaluate the performance of four commercially available chemically-activated acrylic resins (CAARs) by measuring the level of displacement of the cores following casting. Materials and Methods: Two devices were constructed to model the cores based on a natural tooth. Forty post/cores were modeled, 10 in each of the following CAARs: Duralay (Reliance Dental, Illinois, USA), Pattern Resin (GC, Tokyo, Japan), Dencrilay (Dencril, Sao Paulo, Brazil), and Jet (Clássico, Sao Paulo, Brazil). Two casting rings were included, each of which contained 5 post/cores for each of the four CAARs tested, a total of 20 per ring. Following casting, the specimens were only sandblasted and separated from the feeding channels. The post/cores were placed in device 1 and, with the aid of an optical microscope, were attached to a digital camera. Images were then taken of the adjustment between the core and the remaining tooth on the labial surface. The images were processed using the Image Tool for Windows, version 3.0, measuring three fixed points in each specimen. Data were statistically analyzed using the ANOVA and Tukey test. Results: The 40 post/cores were divided into eight groups according to resin brand and casting, obtaining the following results for mean and standard deviation (in mm): Dencrilay 0.192 CI (± 0.08), CII 0.058 (± 0.03); Duralay CI 0.097 (± 0.03), CII 0.131 (± 0.06); Pattern CI 0.07 (± 0.03), CII 0.10 (± 0.05); and Jet CI 0.06 (± 0.02), CII 0.382 (± 0.17). Statistically significant differences could be identified when comparing the Dencrilay CI and the Jet CII with the remaining groups, which all proved to be unfavorable. Conclusion: The quality of cast metal post/core adjustment is not associated with the use of a specific acrylic resin.

Uso de elastômero para delimitação do término do preparo em modelos odontológicos / Use of elastomer for delimitation of the preparation terminal edge in dental models

A comunicação entre o dentista e o técnico de prótese dentária é fundamental para o tratamento. A técnica convencional de troquelização de modelos consiste em sua individualização na região dos preparos através do recorte e eliminação do gesso fora do espaço correspondente ao sulco gengival na região do término. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever dois casos clínicos nos quais foi utilizada uma técnica inovadora de troquelização de modelos.

Communication between the dentist and the dental prosthesis technician is fundamental for treatments. The conventional technique of die casting models consists of their individualization in the preparations region, through plaster cutting and elimination outside the space corresponding to the gingival sulcus in the terminal region. The aim of this article is to describe two clinical cases in which an innovative technique of die casting models was used.