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BACKGROUND: While edentulism remains a serious public health problem for older adults in Colombia, few analyses have been conducted from the framework of active aging as a part of the positive discourse of aging. This study analyzed complete edentulism and its relationship with determinants including personal, behavioral, and health systems and social services. METHODS: This study included a total of 19,004 older adults. We used univariate, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression type scores to investigate the relationships between the variables. The personal determinants included basic (Barthel scale) and instrumental activities of daily living (Lawton scale), public transportation, functional limitations, self-perceived health, and health problems. The behavioral factors included alcohol and tobacco use, mini nutritional tests, and physical activity. The last determinant was the healthcare system, while social services access included dental services. The analysis also included sociodemographic variables. RESULTS: The results revealed significant associations for the variables of the three determinants, including the risk of malnutrition (odds ratio [OR]=1.15), functional limitation (OR=1.15), moderate physical activity (OR=1.08), and access to dental services (OR=2.31). Sex, years of education, and race were also risk factors, among other variables. Personal determinants, behavior, and use and access to health services were related to edentulism in older adults. CONCLUSION: These findings support the need to include different analyses of edentulism from multicausality and to understand the oral cavity and the living conditions of aging adults.
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Introducción. La alteración de la función sexual es una secuela común posterior a una lesión de la médula espinal. No existen escalas validadas en idioma español para evaluar conocimientos, comodidad, abordaje y actitudes del personal de salud hacia la sexualidad en pacientes con trauma de médula espinal. Objetivo. Validar la escala Knowledge, Comfort, Approach and Attitude towards Sexuality Scale (KCAASS) al idioma español. Materiales y métodos. El proceso incluyó la traducción, retrotraducción, la adaptación cultural, la validez de apariencia y contenido de la escala en profesionales involucrados con la rehabilitación sexual del paciente con lesión medular en Colombia. Un total de 122 profesionales participaron para establecer la validez del constructo y la confiabilidad. Resultados. El comité de expertos determinó que la versión en español de la escala evalúa conocimientos, comodidad, abordaje y actitud hacia la sexualidad en el paciente con lesión de médula espinal, por parte de los profesionales de la salud. En cuanto relevancia, claridad y suficiencia, el índice de validez de contenido fue mayor de 0,8 en el 75,6% de los ítems y para el 100 % de los dominios. El valor del alfa de Cronbach general fue 0,95 y el análisis factorial evidenció valores propios por encima de 1,5 en 4 factores. Conclusión. La versión en español de la escala KCAASS cuenta con una adecuada confiabilidad, validez de apariencia, contenido y constructo y puede ser utilizada para evaluar las necesidades de formación en dominios específicos de los profesionales del área de rehabilitación sexual de las personas con lesión medular.
Introduction. Impaired sexual function is a common sequela following spinal cord injury. There are no validated scales in Spanish language to assess knowledge, comfort, approach and attitudes of health personnel towards sexuality in patients with spinal cord trauma. Objective. To validate the Knowledge, Comfort, Approach and Attitude towards Sexuality Scale (KCAASS) in Spanish. Materials and methods. The process included translation, back-translation, cultural adaptation, face and content validity of the scale in professionals involved in the sexual rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury in Colombia. A total of 122 professionals participated to establish construct validity and reliability.Results. The expert committee determined that the Spanish version of the scale evaluates knowledge, comfort, approach and attitude towards sexuality in the patient with spinal cord injury by health professionals. In terms of relevance, clarity and sufficiency, the content validity index was greater than 0.8 in 75.6% of the items and for 100% of the domains. The overall Cronbach's alpha value was 0.95 and the factor analysis showed eigenvalues above 1.5 in 4 factors. Conclusion. The Spanish version of the KCAASS scale has adequate reliability, face, content and construct validity and can be used to assess the training needs in specific domains of professionals in the area of sexual rehabilitation of people with spinal cord injury.
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HumanosRESUMO
Se hace un recuento sobre las facultades destinadas a la formación académica en las diferentes carreras de las Ciencias Médicas
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Faculdades de Medicina , Educação MédicaRESUMO
Mutations in either the COL4A3 or the COL4A4 genes, encoding the alpha3 and alpha4 chains of type IV collagen, are responsible for the autosomal-recessive form of Alport syndrome, a progressive hematuric nephropathy characterized by glomerular basement membrane abnormalities. Reported here are the complete COL4A3 exon-intron structure and a comprehensive screen for mutations of the 52 COL4A3 exons in 41 unrelated patients diagnosed as having autosomal Alport syndrome. This resulted in the identification of 21 mutations that are expected to be causative. Furthermore, it is shown that heterozygous COL4A3 missense mutations, when symptomatic, can be associated with a broad range of phenotypes, from familial benign hematuria to the complete features of Alport syndrome nephropathy.
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Colágeno/genética , Mutação , Nefrite Hereditária/genética , Sequência de Bases , Primers do DNA/genética , DNA Complementar/genética , Éxons , Feminino , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Íntrons , Masculino , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto , Linhagem , Fenótipo , Polimorfismo Conformacional de Fita Simples , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase ReversaRESUMO
El presente estudio titulado "Factores que intervienen en el acoso escolar según los adolescentes de la Institución Educativa 6151 San Luis Gonzaga Pamplona Alta-San Juan de Miraflores-2013"; tiene como objetivo Determinar los factores que intervienen en el acoso escolar según los adolescentes de la institución educativa 6151 San Luis Gonzaga Pamplona Alta-San Juan de Miraflores. El propósito del estudio está orientado a proporcionar información actualizada a la institución educativa, a fin de que le permita establecer las coordinaciones entre el sector salud y educación, así como formular estrategias de intervención y promoción de la salud mediante programa de educación para la salud dirigido a los adolescentes y/o comunidad educativa a través de talleres, dinámicas de grupo y/o programas de convivencia escolar, control de la ira, comunicación, entre otros; promoviendo y/o fomentando la integración y el fortalecimiento y/o desarrollo de valores entre los adolescentes orientado a controlar el acoso escolar que afecta el proceso de crecimiento y desarrollo normal. El estudio tiene enfoque Cuantitativo, nivel aplicativo, método descriptivo, de corte transversal. Población estuvo conformada por escolares de la I.E. 6151 San Luis Gonzaga, 425 la población y muestra de 109. Técnica la encuesta y el instrumento que se utilizó fue el cuestionario de 32 ítems. Los resultados según la opinión de los adolescentes de la I.E. 6151 San Luis Gonzaga, presente los factores, por lo tanto existe mayor riesgo a ser víctima, observador y/o agresor en relación a los factores individuales, familiares, escolares y sociales relevando un problema social urgente que debe ser abordado desde una perspectiva preventivo-promocional; más aún a los factores familiares puesto que son aspectos que se pueden manejar con el involucramiento de los diferentes medios como son los padres, maestros, etc. que pueden evitar la formación de escolares con problemas de violencia y así crear una posible...
The present study entitled "Factors involved in bullying as teens of School 6151 San Luis Gonzaga Pamplona Alta, San Juan de Miraflores-2013", aims to determine the factors involved in bullying as teens the school 6151 San Luis Gonzaga Pamplona Alta-San Juan de Miraflores. The purpose of the study is aimed to provide an update to the school in order to allow him to establish coordination between the health and education sector, information and formulate intervention strategies and health promotion by program of health education aimed adolescents and/or educational community through workshops, group dynamics and/or school life programs, anger management, communication, among others, promoting and/or promoting integration and strengthening and/or development of values among adolescents aimed at controlling bullying that affects the process of normal growth and development. The study has Quantitative approach, application level, descriptive method, cross-sectional. Population consisted of school children in the E.I. 6151 San Luis Gonzaga, 425 population and sample 109. Technical survey and the instrument used was a questionnaire of 32 items. The results in the opinion of adolescents of the E.I. 6151 San Luis Gonzaga, this factor, therefore there is a greater risk of being a victim, observer and/or offender in relation to the individual, family, school and social problem relieving urgent social needs to be addressed from a preventive-promotional perspective, further family factors as are aspects that can be managed with the involvement of different media such as parents, teachers, etc. that can prevent the formation of school with problems of violence and create possible criminal society. Conclusion: The factors involved in bullying are individual, family, school and social that are in different proportions where greater relevance of family factors relative to school factors and where you should place greater emphasis to avoid this social risk.