Detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants in hospital wastewater in Peru, 2022. / Detección de variantes del SARS-CoV-2 en aguas residuales de hospitales en Perú, 2022.

OBJECTIVE.: To identify the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in wastewater from hospitals in Peru. MATERIALS AND METHODS.: Water samples were collected from the effluents of nine hospitals in Peru during March and September 2022. SARS-CoV-2 was identified by using Illumina sequencing. Variant, lineage and clade assignments were carried out using the Illumina and Nextclado tools. We verified whether the SARS-CoV-2 variants obtained from wastewater were similar to those reported by the National Institute of Health of Peru from patients during the same period and region. RESULTS.: Eighteen of the 20 hospital wastewater samples (90%) provided sequences of sufficient quality to be classified as the Omicron variant according to the WHO classification. Among them, six (30%) were assigned by Nextclade to clades 21K lineage BA.1.1 (n=1), 21L lineage BA.2 (n=2), and 22B lineages BA.5.1 (n=2) and BA .5.5 (n=1). CONCLUSIONS.: SARS-CoV-2 variants were found in hospital wastewater samples and were similar to those reported by the surveillance system in patients during the same weeks and geographic areas. Wastewater monitoring could provide information on the environmental and temporal variation of viruses such as SARS-CoV-2.Motivation for the study. To contribute to the surveillance of environmental samples from hospital effluents in order to achieve early warning of possible infectious disease outbreaks. Main findings. The Omicron variant of the COVID-19 virus was detected in wastewater from hospitals in Puno, Cuzco and Cajamarca; these results are similar to the reports by the Peruvian National Institute of Health based on nasopharyngeal swab samples. Implications. The presence of the Omicron variant in hospital wastewater during the third wave of the pandemic should raise awareness of the treatment system before wastewater is discharged into the public sewer system.

Cambios hematológicos relacionados con componentes del síndrome metabólico en personal de salud con alimentación balanceada / Hematological changes related to metabolic syndrome components in healthpersonnel with a balanced diet

INTRODUCCIÓN: El síndrome metabólico (SM) es un conjunto de trastornos interrelacionados que produce alteraciones en diversos sistemas biológicos. OBJETIVO: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los cambios hematológicos en presencia de síndrome metabólico en personal de salud con alimentación balanceada. Materiales y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio transversal donde se analizó la base de datos del personal de salud que participó del Plan de Prevención de Enfermedades Transmisibles y no Transmisibles del Hospital de Huaycán, Perú. La evaluación del SM se realizó usando los criterios de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Diabetes (ALAD) en los trabajadores que presentaron alimentación balanceada según el cuestionario "FANTÁSTICO". La relación entre los cambios hematológicos y componentes del SM se realizó a través de la correlación de Spearman mientras que la comparación de grupos acumulados de componentes de SM y cambios hematológicos se realizó con el test de Kruskal-Wallis y posterior análisis pos hoc de Bonferroni. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron los datos de 285 participantes, 31.2% hombres y 68.8% mujeres con una edad media de 46.1 ± 10.5 años. La prevalencia del SM fue de 36.2%, solo las mujeres presentaron cambios en los parámetros hematológicos en presencia de SM. La relación entre los componentes del SM y cambios hematológicos fue fuerte con el aumento del perímetro abdominal y los niveles séricos de triglicéridos; de igual manera, el acúmulo de más de 2 componentes del SM aumenta significativamente los niveles de hemoglobina y hematocrito en mujeres. CONCLUSIONES: En nuestro estudio las mujeres presentaron cambios hematológicos principalmente en la serie roja relacionados al SM y determinados componentes del mismo. Se requieren más estudios poblacionales para corroborar nuestros hallazgos

INTRODUCTION: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a set of interrelated disorders that produce alterations in various biological systems. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the hematological changes in the presence of metabolic syndrome in health personnel with a balanced diet. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted where the database of health personnel who participated in the Plan for the Prevention of Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases of the Hospital of Huaycan, Peru, was analyzed. The evaluation of the SM was carried out using the criteria of the Latin American Association of Diabetes (ALAD) in the workers who presented a balanced diet according to the questionnaire "FANTASTIC". The relationship between hematological changes and SM components was made through Spearman's correlation while the comparison of accumulated groups of SM components and hematological changes was made with the Kruskal-wallis test andlater Bonferroni's post hoc analysis. RESULTS: Data from 285 participants were analyzed, 31.2% men and 68.8% women with a mean age of 46.1 ± 10.5 years. The prevalence of MS was 36.2%, only women presented changes in hematological parameters in the presence of MS. The relationship between the components of MS and hematological changes was strong with the increase in abdominal circumference and triglycerides; likewise, the accumulation of more than 2 components of MS significantly increases the levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit in women. CONCLUSIONS: In our study the women presented hematological changes mainly in the red series related to MS and certain components of it. Further population-based studies are needed to corroborate our findings