RESUMO
Concanavalin A (ConA), the most studied plant lectin, has been known as a potent anti-neoplastic agent for a long time. Since initial reports on its capacity to kill cancer cells, much attention has been devoted to unveiling the lectin's exact molecular mechanism. It has been revealed that ConA can bind to several receptors on cancerous and normal cells and modulate the related signaling cascades. The most studied host receptor for ConA is MT1-MMP, responsible for most of the lectin's modulations, ranging from activating immune cells to killing tumor cells. In this study, in addition to studying the effect of ConA on signaling and immune cell function, we will focus on the most up-to-date advancements that unraveled the molecular mechanisms by which ConA can induce autophagy and apoptosis in various cancer cell types, where it has been found that P73 and JAK/STAT3 are the leading players. Moreover, we further discuss the main signaling molecules causing liver injury as the most significant side effect of the lectin injection. Altogether, these findings may shed light on the complex signaling pathways controlling the diverse responses created via ConA treatment, thereby modulating these complex networks to create more potent lectin-based cancer therapy. Video Abstract.
Assuntos
Lectinas , Neoplasias , Humanos , Concanavalina A/farmacologia , Concanavalina A/uso terapêutico , Metaloproteinase 14 da Matriz/metabolismo , Metaloproteinase 14 da Matriz/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Lectinas de Plantas/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Among the countless endeavours made at elucidating the pathogenesis of COVID-19, those aimed at the histopathological alterations of type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (AT2) are of outstanding relevance to the field of lung physiology, as they are the building blocks of the pulmonary alveoli. A merit of high regenerative and proliferative capacity, exocytotic activity resulting in the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is particularly high in AT2 cells, especially in those infected with SARS-CoV-2. These AT2 cell-derived EVs, containing the genetic material of the virus, might enter the bloodstream and make their way into the cardiovascular system, where they may infect cardiomyocytes and bring about a series of events leading to heart failure. As surfactant protein C, a marker of AT2 cell activity and a constituent of the lung surfactant complex, occurs abundantly inside the AT2-derived EVs released during the inflammatory stage of COVID-19, it could potentially be used as a biomarker for predicting impending heart failure in those patients with a history of cardiovascular disease.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Vesículas Extracelulares , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Células Epiteliais Alveolares , Células Cultivadas , Humanos , Inflamação , Proteína C , SARS-CoV-2 , TensoativosRESUMO
Cholesterol is an essential lipid that serves several important functions, including maintaining the homeostasis of cells, acting as a precursor to bile acid and steroid hormones and preserving the stability of membrane lipid rafts. 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) is a cholesterol derivative that may be formed from cholesterol. 25-HC is a crucial component in various biological activities, including cholesterol metabolism. In recent years, growing evidence has shown that 25-HC performs a critical function in the etiology of cancer, infectious diseases and autoimmune disorders. This review will summarize the latest findings regarding 25-HC, including its biogenesis, immunomodulatory properties and role in innate/adaptive immunity, inflammation and the development of various types of cancer.
Assuntos
Hidroxicolesteróis , Neoplasias , Humanos , Hidroxicolesteróis/metabolismo , Colesterol/metabolismo , Imunidade Inata , Neoplasias/etiologiaRESUMO
A structured approach to managing reactive power is imperative within the context of power systems. Among the restructuring initiatives in the electrical sector, power systems have undergone delineation into three principal categories: generation, transmission, and distribution entities, each of which is overseen by an independent system operator. Notably, active power emerges as the predominant commodity transacted within the electrical market, with the autonomous grid operator assuming the responsibility of ensuring conducive conditions for the execution of energy contracts across the transmission infrastructure. Ancillary services, comprising essential frameworks for energy generation and delivery to end-users, encompass reactive power services pivotal in the regulation of bus voltage. Of particular significance among the array of ancillary services requisite in a competitive market milieu is the provision of adequate reactive power to uphold grid safety and voltage stability. A salient impediment to the realization of energy contracts lies in the inadequacy of reactive power within the grid, which poses potential risks to its operational safety and voltage equilibrium. The optimal allocation of the reactive power load is predicated upon presumptions of consistent outcomes within the active power market. Under this conceptual framework, generators are afforded continual compensation for the provision of reactive power indispensable for sustaining their active energy production endeavors.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Although cancer treatment with cisplatin is effective, dose-dependent adverse effects such as ototoxicity occurs often, which limits its clinical use. The use of resveratrol may alleviate the cisplatin-induced ototoxic eï¬ects. This study is aimed to review the potential otoprotective effects of resveratrol against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. METHOD: According to the PRISMA guideline, a systematic search was accomplished to identify all relevant scientific papers on "the role of resveratrol against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity" in different electronic databases up to May 2021. Fifty-five articles were screened based on a pre-defined set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eight eligible studies were finally included in the current systematic review. The in-vitro findings revealed that cisplatin administration signiï¬cantly decreased the HEI-OC1 cell viability compared to the untreated cells; however, resveratrol co-treatment (in a dose-dependent manner) could protect HEI-OC1 cells against cisplatin-induced decrease in cell viability. RESULTS: Furthermore, the in-vivo finding showed a decreased value of DPOAE, and increased values of ABR threshold, ABR-I, ABR-IV, and ABR I-IV interval in cisplatin-treated animals; in contrast, resveratrol co-administration demonstrated an opposite pattern on these parameters. CONCLUSION: Thus, it can be mentioned that resveratrol co-treatment alleviates cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Mechanically, resveratrol exerts its otoprotective effects through various mechanisms such as anti-oxidant, anti-apoptosis, and anti-inï¬ammatory.
RESUMO
One of the primary indicators of plaque vulnerability is the lipid composition of atherosclerotic plaques. Therefore, the medical industry requires a method to evaluate necrotic nuclei in atherosclerosis imaging with sensitivity. In this regard, photoacoustic imaging is a plaque detection method that provides chemical information on lipids and cholesterol thickness in the arterial walls of the patient. This aspect aims to increase the low-frequency axial resolution by developing a new photoacoustic-based system. A photoacoustic system has been developed to detect the cholesterol thickness of the blood vessels to observe the progression of plaque in the heart's blood vessels. The application of the coherent photoacoustic discontinuous correlation tomography technique, which is based on a novel signal processing, significantly increased the cholesterol oleate's sensitivity to plaque necrosis. By enhancing the quality of thickness detection, the system for measuring the thickness of cholesterol in blood vessels has been reduced to approximately 23 microns. The results show that the phase spectrum peaked at 100 Hz at 58.66 degrees, and at 400 Hz, the phase spectrum was 46.37 degrees. The minimum amplitude is 1.95 at 100 Hz and 17.67 at 400 Hz. In conclusion, it can be stated that photoacoustic imaging as a method based on new technologies is of great importance in medical research, which is based on the use of nonionizing radiation to perform diagnostic processes and measure different types of body tissues.
Assuntos
Aterosclerose , Técnicas Fotoacústicas , Placa Aterosclerótica , Humanos , Técnicas Fotoacústicas/métodos , Placa Aterosclerótica/diagnóstico por imagem , Aterosclerose/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia , Colesterol/química , Vasos CoronáriosRESUMO
In women, breast cancer (BC) is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a subgroup of heterogeneous non-hematopoietic fibroblast-like cells that have the ability to differentiate into multiple cell types. Recent studies stated that MSCs can migrate into the tumor sites and exert various effect on tumor growth and development. Multiple researches have demonstrated that MSCs can favor tumor growth, while other groups have indicated that MSCs inhibit tumor development. Emerging evidences showed exosomes (Exo) as a new mechanism of cell communication which are essential for the crosstalk between MSCs and BC cells. MSC-derived Exo (MSCs-Exo) could mimic the numerous effects on the proliferation, metastasis, and drug response through carrying a wide scale of molecules, such as proteins, lipids, messenger RNAs, and microRNAs to BC cells. Consequently, in the present literature, we summarized the biogenesis and cargo of Exo and reviewed the role of MSCs-Exo in development of BC.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Exossomos , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , MicroRNAs , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Exossomos/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/metabolismoRESUMO
Novel Ta- MOF was synthesized under mild conditions by ultrasound irradiations. The sample was characterized by SEM, FTIR, XRD, XPS, TG and BET technique. The final structures showed high physicho-chemical properties including narrow particle size distribution, homogenous morphology, high thermal stability and remarkable surface area. Ta- MOF synthesized in this study was used as a catalyst in the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyran derivatives. The results proved that it has a high catalyst capability. Its advantages include high recyclability, less reaction time with higher efficiency and synthesis of new1,4-dihydropyran derivatives. In the following, antimicrobial activity including antifungal and antibacterial activity of Ta- MOF nanoparticles based on Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum Fungicidal Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration were evaluated. The synthesized Ta- MOF, in addition to high catalytic properties, showed high antimicrobial activity with MIC value between 16 and -256 µg/ml, and can be introduced as an agent against bacteria and fungi.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Recent trial studies have found that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation beneficially reduces oxidative stress markers but, there is no definitive consensus on this context. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effect of CLA supplementation on oxidative stress parameters. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases until September 2021 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing CLA supplementation effects on oxidative markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-isoprostanesF2α (8-iso-PGF2α), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Summary estimates and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were derived via the DerSimonian and Laird method using a random-effects model. RESULTS: A total of 11 RCTs were included. The obtained results show that CLA supplementation caused a significant decrease in MDA concentrations (Hedges's: -0.35; 95% CI: -0.70 to -0.01, P = 0.04, I2 = 62.1%, n = 7), and also significantly increased 8-iso-PGF2α levels (Hedges's: 1.45; 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.91, PË0.001, I2 = 42.9%, n = 4). However, the results showed that supplementation with CLA did not significantly change the concentrations of GPx (Hedges's: 0.30; 95% CI: -0.04 to 0.64, P = 0.08, I2 = 0.0%, n = 3). CONCLUSION: It seems this supplement can be used as a dietary supplement to improve oxidative stress parameters. However, further studies are required to demonstrate present results.
Assuntos
Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados , Biomarcadores , Suplementos Nutricionais , Humanos , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/farmacologia , Estresse Oxidativo , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
Fabricating novel biosensing constructs with high sensitivity and selectivity is highly demanded in food contaminants detection. In this prospect, various nanostructured materials were envisaged to build (bio)sensors with superior sensitivity and selectivity. The desirable biocompatibility, brilliant mechanical strength, ease of surface functionalization, as well as tunable optical and electronic features, portray 2D MXenes as versatile scaffolds for biosensing. In this review, we overviewed the state-of-the-art MXenes-based optical biosensing devices to detect mycotoxins, pesticide residues, antibiotic residues, and food borne-pathogens from foodstuff and environmental matrices. Firstly, the synthesis methods and surface functionalization/modification of MXenes are discussed. Secondly, according to the target analytes, we categorized and presented a detailed account of the newest research progress of MXenes-based optical probes for food contaminants monitoring. The efficiency of all the surveyed probes was assessed on the basis of important factors like response time, detection limit (DL), and sensing range. Lastly, the necessity and requirements for future advances in this emerging MXenes material are also given, followed by challenges and opportunities. We hope that this study will bridge the gap between nanotechnology and food science, offering insights for engineers or scientists in both areas to accelerate the progress of MXenes-based materials for food safety detection.
RESUMO
In today's world, Parkinson's disease (PD) has been introduced as a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system which mainly affects approximately more than ten million people worldwide. The vast majority of diagnostic methods for PD have operated based on conventional sensing platforms, while the traditional laboratory tests are not efficient for diagnosis of PD in the early stage due to symptoms of this common neurodegenerative syndrome starting slowly. The advent of the aptasensor has revolutionized the early-stage diagnosis of PD by measuring related biomarkers due to the myriad advantages of originating from aptamers which can be able to sensitive and selective capture various types of related biomarkers. The progress of numerous sensing platforms and methodologies in terms of biosensors based on aptamer application for PD diagnosis has revealed promising results. In this review, we present the latest developments in myriad types of aptasensors for the determination of related PD biomarkers. Working strategies, advantages and limitations of these sensing approaches are also mentioned, followed by prospects and challenges.
RESUMO
For the first time, biocompatible and biodegradable Ta-metal organic framework (MOF)/polyether block amide (PEBA) fibrous polymeric nanostructures were synthesized by ultrasonic and electrospinning routes in this study. The XRD peaks of products were wider, which is due to the significant effect of the ultrasonic and electrospinning methods on the final product. The adsorption/desorption behavior of the nanostructures is similar to that of the third type of isotherm series, which showed mesoporous behavior for the products. The sample has uniform morphology without any evidence of agglomeration. Since the adsorption and trapping of gaseous pollutants are very important, the application of the final Ta-MOF/PEBA fibrous polymeric nanostructures was investigated for CH4 adsorption. In order to achieve the optimal conditions of experiments and also systematic studies of the parameters, fractional factorial design was used. The results showed that by selecting temperature 40°C, time duration 35 min, and pressure 3 bar, the CH4 gas adsorption rate was near 4 mmol/g. Ultrasonic and electrospinning routes as well as immobilization of Ta-MOF in the PEBA fibrous network affect the performance of the final products for CH4 gas adsorption.
RESUMO
In this work, for the first time, novel Sc-MOF@SiO2 core/shell nanostructures have been synthesized under the optimal conditions of ultrasonic-assisted microwave routes. The final products showed small particle size distributions with homogeneous morphology (SEM results), high thermal stability (TG curve), high surface area (BET adsorption/desorption techniques), and significant porosity (BJH method). The final nanostructures of Sc-MOF@SiO2 core/shell with such distinct properties were used as a new compound for H2S adsorption. It was used with the systematic investigation based on a 2K-1 factorial design, which showed high-performance adsorption of about 5 mmol/g for these novel adsorbents; the optimal experimental conditions included pressure, 1.5 bar; contact time, 20 min; and temperature, 20°C. This study and its results promise a green future for the potential control of gas pollutants.
RESUMO
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a quickly aggressive hematopoietic disorder that progress due to the accumulation and clonal expansion of immature myeloid cells. Despite the latest developments in AML treatment, repeated relapses and drug resistance remain one of the major challenges in treatment of leukemia. Currently, it is well known that the components of the tumor microenvironment such as cellular and non-cellular elements play a critical function in treatment failures of AML, also they are most common cause of complications including suppression of hematopoiesis. Exosomes are membrane-bound extracellular vesicles (EVs) that transfer signaling molecules and have attracted a large amount of attention due to their important role in inter-cellular communication in health and disease. Exosomes participate in the survival and chemoresistance of many leukemia through transferring their rich cargos of molecules including miRNAs, growth factors, and cytokines. The key producers of exosomes that mainly participate to AML pathogenesis are bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs) and AML cell themselves. These cells release an enormous number of exosomes that affect several target cells such as natural killer (NK) and hematopoietic stem cells to the development of leukemia proliferation and progression. In the present study, a comprehensive review of the literature has been done to briefly discuss the biology of exosomes and highlight the role of exosomes derived from AML in the progress of acute myeloid leukemia.
Assuntos
Exossomos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , MicroRNAs , Exossomos/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/metabolismo , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Microambiente TumoralRESUMO
The gray mullet, Mugil cephalus is an inshore and bottom-feeding fish species of Oman sea. Therefore, the gray mullet may be more exposed to heavy metal contamination, as the toxic impacts of heavy metals mullet has been reported in various studies. This study was conducted to evaluate the toxic effects of the heavy metal, nickel (as NiCl2) on osmoregulation of the gray mullet by measuring blood biochemicals, hormones, minerals and gill histology. Fish (10 fish/tank) were experimentally exposed to NiCl2 at three environmentally relevant concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 µg/l for 96 h. Then, fish were challenged with seawater (35 mg/l) for a period of 120 min. The samples (blood and gill tissue) were collected After 96 exposure to NiCl2 and during salinity challenge (30, 60 and 120 min post challenge). The plasma levels of cortisol and glucose significantly increased in NiCl2-exposed fish. In addition, cortisol increased in all experimental groups 30 min after salinity challenge and then returned gradually to the same levels as the control at 120 min post salinity challenge (PSC). The triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels significantly decreased in response to 10 and 15 µg/l NiCl2. In all groups, the thyroid hormones significantly elevated at 30 min PSC. After 30 min PSC, T3 levels in all NiCl2-exposed fish and T4 in the treatment, 10 µg/l NiCl2 remained unchanged throughout the salinity challenge. In the treatment, 5 µg/l NiCl2, T4 levels were recovered at 120 min PSC and reached the same levels as the control. Exposure of fish to high concentrations of NiCl2 and salinity stress increased the lactate levels. However, lactate levels in 5 and 10 µg/l NiCl2 groups were recovered at 120 min PSC and reached the same levels as the control. Furthermore, plasma protein increased in response to 10 and 15 µg/l NiCl2. At 30 PSC, the protein levels decreased in control and 5 µg/l NiCl2 group, while it remained unchanged in fish exposed to 10 and 15 µg/l NiCl2 throughout the salinity challenge. Exposure of fish to NiCl2 disrupted the electrolyte (Na+, Cl-) balance both before and after salinity challenge, which may be due to gill lesions induced by the heavy metal and following alternations in gill permeability. However, fish in 5 µg/l NiCl2 re-established the ionic balance in the blood at the end of salinity challenge period. The malondialdehyde (MDA) levels significantly increased in response to 10 and 15 µg/l NiCl2. The MDA levels returned to the same levels as the control group at 120 min PSC. The results of the present study showed that nickel-induced toxicity (especially at high concentrations) can reduce the osmoregulation capabilities of mullet. However, fish are able to recover from the toxic effects over time, if contamination be eliminated.
Assuntos
Metais Pesados , Smegmamorpha , Animais , Peixes/metabolismo , Brânquias/metabolismo , Hidrocortisona/metabolismo , Lactatos , Metais Pesados/metabolismo , Níquel/metabolismo , Níquel/toxicidade , Osmorregulação , Salinidade , Smegmamorpha/metabolismo , ATPase Trocadora de Sódio-Potássio/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis were aimed to determine the effects of grape products on liver enzymes in adults. METHODS: Databases including PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus were searched up to February 2021. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of grape products on serum concentrations of liver enzymes were included. Data were pooled using the random-effects model and weighted mean difference (WMD) was considered as the summary effect size. RESULTS: Eight RCTs enrolling 291 participants met the inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis. The overall effect illustrated no significant change in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (WMD: - 2.04; 95 % CI: - 5.50 to 1.42; P = 0.24; I2 = 72.5 %), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (WMD: - 1.40; 95 % CI: - 3.80 to 0.99; P = 0.25; I2 = 76.0 %) in intervention group compared with the control group. Subgroup analyses revealed that the effect of grape products on ALT (WMD: - 4.97; 95 % CI: - 8.73 to - 1.21; P = 0.01) and AST (WMD: - 2.89; 95 % CI: - 5.69 to - 0.08; P = 0.04) levels was significant when the intervention period was equal or more than 12 weeks. CONCLUSION: Overall, grape products had no signiï¬cant effect on liver enzymes in adults. However, due to the low number of included studies, these findings must be interpreted with great caution. Larger, well-designed RCTs are still needed to further evaluate the capacity of the grape products as a complementary treatment to improve liver enzymes.
Assuntos
Vitis , Adulto , Alanina Transaminase , Aspartato Aminotransferases , Suplementos Nutricionais , Humanos , Fígado , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Our aim in this meta-analysis was to determine the effect of soy and soy product supplementation on serum adiponectin levels. METHOD: A systematic search was conducted using Medline (PubMed and Web of Science), Scopus, and Cochrane Library for eligible trials up to August 2020. A random-effects model was used to pool calculated effect sizes. RESULTS: Seven trials were included in the overall analysis. Our analysis showed that soy and soy product supplementation did not significantly affect adiponectin concentrations (WMD = -0.77 µg/ml, 95% CI: -0.61, 2.15, P = 0.27) in comparison with a placebo. The between-study heterogeneity was high (I2: 68.2%, P = 0.004). Subgroup analysis, based on participants' health status and duration of the supplementation, could not detect the potential source of the observed heterogeneity. In addition, subgroup analysis showed that the effect was not statistically significant in all subgroups. CONCLUSION: Overall, soy and soy product supplementation did not change the circulatory adiponectin levels. In addition, the results were not affected by the participant's health status and duration of supplementation. However, further studies are needed to confirm the present results.
Assuntos
Adiponectina , Suplementos Nutricionais , Humanos , Nutrientes , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Glycine maxRESUMO
Background: Uncertainty intolerance (IU), the tendency to think or react negatively toward uncertain events may have implication on individuals' mental health and psychological wellbeing. The Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 (IU-12) is commonly used across the globe to measure IU, however, its' psychometric properties are yet to be evaluated in Iran with a Persian-speaking population. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to translate and validate the IU-12 among Iranian undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: The multi-stage cluster random sampling was employed to recruit 410 Iranian undergraduate students (260 females) from the Azad University to complete the IU-12, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-2, and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire in a cross-sectional design. In this study, face validity, content validity, construct validity, and concurrent validity were measured and Construct Reliability (CR) and Cronbach's alpha were used to measure reliability. Results: The impact score of the translated IU-12 indicated acceptable face validity (value of impact score was greater than 1.5). The value of Content Validity Index (CVI) and the value of Content Validity Ratio (CVR) were above 0.7 and 0.78, respectively. The values of CVI and CVR indicated the items had acceptable content validity and were deemed essential to the measure. The measurement model analysis showed the measure with two subscales had good fit indices (CMIN/df = 2.75, p < 0.01, RMSEA = 0.07, TLI = 0.94, CFI = 0.95, GFI = 0.94). A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) indicated the scale was composed of the two subscales found in the English-version of the scale (prospective anxiety and inhibitory anxiety), and no items were removed from the scale. The values of CR (0.86) and Cronbach's alphas (0.89) showed the measure had appropriate internal consistency. Conclusion: The findings support the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the IU-12. This scale could be used to reliably and accurately measure uncertainty intolerance among undergraduate students in Iran.
RESUMO
Novel Yttrium-metal-organic framework (Y-MOF) was synthesized under optimal conditions of microwave with a power of 20 W, the temperature of 30 degrees of centigrade, and time duration of 10 min. The products were characterized by SEM (morphology and size distribution), TGA (thermal stability), BET technique (surface area), and FTIR (characterization of the related group). The Yttrium-metal-organic framework (Y-MOF) synthesized in this study, after identifying and confirming the structure, was used as an efficient and recyclable catalyst in the synthesis of new pyrazolopyranopyrimidine derivatives. Following the study of the properties and applications of Y-MOF, its anticancer properties on breast cancer cells based on the MTT method were evaluated, and significant results were observed. In addition, the anticancer properties of the pyrazolopyranopyrimidine derivatives were investigated.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Inflammation is a major cause of chronic diseases. Several studies have investigated the effects of tomato intake on inflammatory biomarkers; however, the results are equivocal. Therefore, the present study aimed to systematically review and analyses randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of tomato intake on inflammatory biomarkers in adults. METHODS: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases to find RCTs related to the effect of tomato intake on inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), up to November 2021. Meta-analyses were performed using the random-effects model. RESULTS: A total of 465 subjects sourced from seven eligible RCTs (8 treatment arms) were entered into the analysis. Pooled effect size of articles indicated that tomato intake was not significantly effective on CRP (WMD: 0.13 mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.09 to 0.36; P = 0.23, I2: 83.9%) and IL-6 (Hedges' g = -0.12; 95% CI -0.36, 0.13; P = 0.34, I2: 0.0%) levels compared to the control group. But it can significantly reduce TNF-α (Hedges' g = -0.45; 95% CI -0.76, -0.13; P = 0.005, I2: 0.0%) levels. CONCLUSION: Generally, the present study showed that tomato intake has no significant effect on serum CRP, and IL-6 concentrations, but can reduce serum TNF-α levels significantly. However, additional well-designed studies that include more diverse populations and longer duration are warranted.