Activated carbon/metal-organic framework nanocomposite: Preparation and photocatalytic dye degradation mathematical modeling from wastewater by least squares support vector machine.

Herein, Kiwi peel activated carbon (AC), Materials Institute Lavoisier (MIL-88B (Fe), and AC/MIL-88B (Fe) composite were synthesized and used as catalysts to degrade Reactive Red 198. The material properties were analyzed by the FTIR, BET-BJH, XRD, FESEM, EDX, TGA, and UV-Vis/DRS. The BET surface area of AC, MIL-88B (Fe) and AC/MIL-88B (Fe) was 1113.3, 150.7, and 199.4 m2/g, respectively. The band gap values (Eg) estimated by Tauc plot method, were obtained 5.06, 4.19 and 3.79 eV for AC, MIL-88B (Fe) and AC/MIL-88B (Fe), respectively. The results indicated that the AC/MIL-88B (Fe) composite had higher photocatalytic activity (99%) than that of pure AC (79%) and MIL-88B (Fe) catalysts (87%). The decolorization kinetic was matched well with the second-order model. Moreover, the data were modeled using least squares support vector machine which optimized with Cuckoo optimization algorithm. The optimal parameters were found 0.837 and 3.49e+02 based on σ2 and γ values, respectively. The mean square error (MSE) and correlation coefficient (R2) values were obtained 3.97 and 0.948. Therefore, the attained data, materials characterization and prediction of modeling validate the composite form of MIL-88B(Fe) with new AC, had better photocatalytic activity in comparison with the individual form.

Geographic variation in urinary tract and genital cancers in Iran: a hypothesis involving exposure to solar radiation.

OBJECTIVE: Sunlight and vitamin D intake are considered as essential elements for human health. Insufficient intake of this vitamin is one of the causes of various cancers and some other diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between bladder, prostate, cervical and ovarian cancers with solar ultraviolet exposure in Iran. In this ecological study, data from 30 provinces were studied and analyzed by correlation and linear regression tests in SPSS software version 22. Physical activity, gender, human development index, lung cancer and altitude were adjusted at population level. RESULTS: The incidence of bladder cancer in both sexes was inversely related to ultraviolet radiation, but it was significant only in men. Unlike bladder cancer, the incidence of cervical cancer showed a positive relation with ultraviolet radiation. No relation was found between the incidence of prostate and ovarian cancers with ultraviolet radiation. Among the adjusting variables, the incidence of lung cancer (surrogate for smoking) in women had the highest coefficient in the linear regression model.

Current Treatments and Therapeutic Options for COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review.

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 is the third rising epidemic in the 21st century that quickly turned into a worldwide pandemic. Many clinical studies have been achieved to investigate treatments to confront COVID-19. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to describe the recent treatment strategies to treat COVID-19 patients. METHODS: A systematic search was performed in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Science direct, Up to date, and Web of Science using the keywords of Coronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Novel Coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, Treatment, Medicine, Therapy, Intervention, Drug, Medications, and Cure. All the relevant articles were collected from December 2019 to July 2020. RESULTS: We included 58 studies including 38 articles (eleven reviews, ten editorial documents, three case reports, one mix method, one cohort study), and 19 published clinical trials. Review of studies showed that Lopinavir/Ritonavir (n=16), Remdesivir (n=13), Convalescent plasma (n=11), Chloroquine (n=11), Ribavirin (n=9), Hydroxychloroquine sulfate (n=8), Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) (n=8), and Arbidol (n=7), were the most frequently therapies used to treat COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSION: In the absence of definitive treatment protocols, recently proposed approaches have appeared to be an effective therapy for accelerating the recovery of COVID-19 patients. Some of these treatments may have been in the early stages of testing. However, future preclinical and clinical trials are warranted to validate findings.

Poly (amidoamine) generation 6 functionalized Fe3O4@SiO2/GPTMS core-shell magnetic NPs as a new adsorbent for Arsenite adsorption: kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic studies.

In this survey a new route has been developed the preparation of poly (amidoamine) generation 6 (PAMAM-G6) dendrimer functionalized Fe3O4/SiO2 nanoparticle and was used for arsenite (As (III)) adsorption. SiO2 was first grafted onto the surface of Fe3O4 to formation a core-shell structure. Then the introduction of epoxy rings were done by hydrolysis of methylsilane groups of 3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) on OH groups of SiO2 and afterwards, PAMAM-G6 reacted with epoxy rings of GPTMS to obtain a multiamino magnetic adsorbent. The as-prepared nanocomposite was characterized by TEM, Zeta potential, FESEM, VSM, FTIR, Raman and XPS techniques. The effects of reaction time from 5 to 50 min, initial As (III) concentration in the range of 1-10 mgL-1, initial adsorbent concentration in the range of 10-50 mgL-1 and initial pH in the range 3-8 were studied. The resulting of kinetic and isotherm models displays high adsorption affinity (233 mg/g) for As (III) and the adsorbent can reach the adsorbent can reach the adsorption equilibrium at a neutral pH (7). The As (III) loaded nanocomposite could be separated readily from aqueous solution by magnetic and regenerated simply via NaOH. The study of the adsorption procedure showed that the pseudo-second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm well-fitted with the experimental data of As (III) adsorption onto nanocomposite.

Super high removal capacities of heavy metals (Pb2+ and Cu2+) using CNT dendrimer.

This research demonstrates the capability of carbon nanotubes (CNT) modified with four generations of poly-amidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM, G4) to remove Cu2+ and Pb2+ heavy metals from aqueous solution in single and binary component systems. Uniquely high adsorption capacities for copper and lead, which are 3333 and 4870mg/g respectively, were achieved. FTIR, H1 NMR, Zeta potential, SEM and TEM techniques were employed for characterizing the synthetic nanocomposite and indicated that the dendrimer functionalized CNTs have been synthesized. The effects of several parameters including initial metal ion concentration, solution pH and the nanocomposite dosage were studied. The experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and the pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetics models. The maximum adsorption occurred at pH=7. The adsorption process for Cu2+ and Pb2+ in single and binary component systems fit the Langmuir and extended Langmuir models respectively. This study also tested the kinetic sorption of the metals on PAMAM/CNT in single and binary component metal systems at various metal ions concentrations. The results showed that PAMAM/CNT nanocomposite was a super-adsorbent, able to uptake uniquely large quantities of heavy metal from single and binary component liquid phase.