Trends and Preferences of Rhinoplasty Among Chinese Patients: A Social Media Analysis.

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the trends, motivations and preferences of rhinoplasty in China. METHODS: Data on rhinoplasty were collected from Xiaohongshu and analyzed for trends. Text analysis and word frequency statistics were performed on the notes and comments using Python modules. RESULTS: We obtained 1065 notes with 102,153 comments, 239,383 collections and 640,579 likes. The number of rhinoplasty-related publications increased annually, correlating with per capita disposable income of households (DI) growth (r2 = 0.609, P = 0.041 < 0.05). In the Southern provinces, there was a notably higher volume of publications compared to the Northern provinces (P = 0.001). Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between publication data, population size, and the DI (r2 = 0.786, P < 0.001). The nasal tip (3197) and nasion (1409) were the most mentioned nasal subunits. "Good-looking" (9672) and "natural" (2811) were the most used words to describe the nose shape. The "doctor" (4377), the "hospital" (2182) and "hyaluronic acid" (2106) were the most mentioned rhinoplasty procedure related vocabulary. CONCLUSIONS: Discussions about rhinoplasty in China are increasing, and more people express their desire for rhinoplasty on social networks, related to China's DI growth. The Southern provinces show a higher inclination toward these discussions, a trend that correlates with our findings of a positive association between NOPs and both DI and population size. Netizens pay more attention to the shape of nasal tip and nasion, and prefer the good-looking and natural appearance. Most people consider autologous cartilage or hyaluronic acid injection for rhinoplasty. Doctors are the primary consideration for patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Malnutrition is not related with emergence delirium in older patients after noncardiac surgery.

BACKGROUND: Delirium is one of the most common complications in older surgical patients. Although previous studies reported that preoperative malnutrition was related with postoperative delirium (POD), there was lack of evidence to illustrate the relationship between malnutrition and emergency delirium (ED). The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between preoperative malnutrition and ED in older patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. METHODS: The study was carried out in accordance with STROBE guidelines. This was a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study. Older patients (65-90 years) who underwent noncardiac surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled in Peking University First Hospital. RESULTS: 915 patients were enrolled. The incidence of malnutrition was 53.6 % (490/915). The incidence of emergency delirium was 41.8 % (205/490) in malnutrition group and 31.5 % (134/425) in control group, P < 0.001. After adjusting confounding factors (i.e., age, cognitive impairment, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (ASA), duration of surgery, pain score, low body temperature and allogeneic blood transfusion), malnutrition was not associated with increased risk of emergency delirium (OR = 1.055, 95 % CI 0.767-1.452, P = 0.742). CONCLUSIONS: Malnutrition was common in older patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery, but it's not related with emergence delirium after adjusted for confounders. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( http://www.chictr.org.cn ) ( ChiCTR-OOC-17,012,734 ).

Comparison of Surgical Resection and Stereotactic Radiosurgery in the Initial Treatment of Brain Metastasis.

BACKGROUND: Brain metastasis (BM) is the most common brain malignancy and a common cause of death in cancer patients. However, the relative outcome-related advantages and disadvantages of surgical resection (SR) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in the initial treatment of BM are controversial. METHOD: We systematically reviewed the English language literature up to March 2020 to compare the efficacy of SR and SRS in the initial treatment of BM. We identified cohort studies from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMBASE databases and conducted a meta-analysis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Twenty cohort studies involving 1,809 patients were included. Local control did not significantly differ between the SR and SRS groups overall (hazard ratio [HR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64-1.64, p = 0.92; I2 = 54%, p = 0.03) or in subgroup analyses of SR plus SRS vs. SRS alone, SR plus whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) versus SRS plus WBRT, or SR plus WBRT versus SRS alone. Distant intracranial control did not significantly differ between the SR and SRS groups overall (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.38-1.60, p = 0.49; I2 = 61%, p = 0.03) or in subgroup analyses of SR plus SRS versus SRS alone or SR plus WBRT versus SRS alone. In addition, overall survival (OS) did not significantly differ in the SR and SRS groups (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.65-1.27, p = 0.57; I2 = 47%, p = 0.09) or in subgroup analyses of SR plus SRS versus SRS alone, SR plus WBRT versus SRS alone or SR plus WBRT versus SRS plus WBRT. CONCLUSION: Initial treatment of BM with SRS may offer comparable local and distant intracranial control to SR in patients with single or solitary BM. OS did not significantly differ between the SR and SRS groups in people with single or solitary BM.

Emergence delirium is associated with increased postoperative delirium in elderly: a prospective observational study.

BACKGROUND: The clinical significance of emergence delirium remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between emergence delirium and postoperative delirium in elderly after general anesthesia and surgery. METHODS: This prospective observational study was done in a tertiary hospital in Beijing, China. Elderly patients (65-90 years) who underwent major noncardiac surgery under general anesthesia and admitted to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) after surgery were enrolled. Emergence delirium was assessed with the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit during PACU stay. Postoperative delirium was assessed with the Confusion Assessment Method during the first 5 postoperative days. The association between emergence delirium and postoperative delirium was analyzed with a multivariable logistic regression model. RESULTS: A total of 942 patients were enrolled and 915 completed the study. Emergence delirium developed in 37.0% (339/915) of patients during PACU stay; and postoperative delirium developed in 11.4% (104/915) of patients within the first 5 postoperative days. After adjusted confounding factors, the occurrence of emergence delirium is independently associated with an increased risk of postoperative delirium (OR 1.717, 95% CI 1.078-2.735, P = 0.023). Patients with emergence delirium stayed longer in PACU and hospital after surgery, and developed more non-delirium complications within 30 days. CONCLUSIONS: Emergence delirium in elderly admitted to the PACU after general anesthesia and major surgery is independently associated with an increased risk of postoperative delirium. Patients with emergence delirium had worse perioperative outcomes. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (chictr.org.cn) ChiCTR-OOC-17012734.

Selective expression of a "correct cloud" of Dscam in crayfish survivors after second exposure to the same pathogen.

Arthropod hypervariable Dscam (Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule) may be involved in adaptive-like immune characteristics, namely immune priming, enabling the host to "learn" and "remember" pathogens previously encountered in arthropods. However, expression of Dscam in immune-primed arthropods after a second challenge has apparently not been confirmed. Herein, working with Dscam of Australian freshwater crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus, i.e. CqDscam), we further investigated whether immune priming is mediated by "clouds" of appropriate (or "correct") CqDscam isoforms. In crayfish that survived a first WSSV challenge (immune priming), long-lasting CqDscam expression remained higher after a second WSSV challenge. Selective CqDscam isoforms were also induced after both challenges. Based on pathogen binding assays, these WSSV-induced CqDscam isoforms had a higher WSSV binding ability, perhaps mainly mediated by Ig3-spliced variants. We therefore hypothesized that in these crayfish survivors, an unknown selection process was generating a "correct cloud" of CqDscam against a previously encountered pathogen.

General Anesthesia versus Local Anesthesia for Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease: A Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) implantation under general anesthesia (GA) is of great importance for patients with disabling off-medication symptoms or medical comorbidities. However, the relative advantages/disadvantages of routine local anesthesia (LA) surgery versus GA regarding clinical outcomes are controversial, and the safety of DBS implantation under GA is debatable. SUMMARY: We systematically reviewed the literature to compare the efficacy and safety of awake and asleep DBS surgery. We identified cohort studies from the Cochrane library, MEDLINE, and EMBASE (January 1970 to August 2019) by using Review Manager 5.3 software to conduct a meta-analysis following the PRISMA guidelines. Fourteen cohort studies involving 1,523 patients were included. The meta-analysis results showed that there were no significant differences between the GA and LA groups in UPDRSIII score improvement (standard mean difference [SMD] 0.06; 95% CI -0.16 to 0.28; p = 0.60), postoperative LEDD requirement (SMD -0.17; 95% CI -0.44 to 0.12; p = 0.23), or operation time (SMD 0.18; 95% CI -0.31 to 0.67; p = 0.47). Additionally, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.53-1.80; p = 0.94), including postoperative speech disturbance and intracranial hemorrhage. However, the volume of intracranial air was significantly lower in the GA group than that in the LA group. In a subgroup analysis, there was no significant difference in clinical efficacy between the microelectrode recording (MER) and non-MER groups. We demonstrated equivalent clinical outcomes of DBS surgery between GA and LA in terms of improvement of symptoms and the incidence of adverse events. Key Messages: MER might not be necessary for DBS implantation. For patients who cannot tolerate DBS surgery while being awake, GA should be an appropriate alternative.

Neuraxial labour analgesia is associated with a reduced risk of maternal depression at 2 years after childbirth: A multicentre, prospective, longitudinal study.

BACKGROUND: Severe labour pain is an important risk factor of postpartum depression, and early depression is associated with an increased risk of long-term depression; whereas the use of epidural analgesia during labour decreases the risk of postpartum depression. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether neuraxial labour analgesia was associated with a decreased risk of 2-year depression. DESIGN: This was a multicentre, prospective, longitudinal study. SETTING: The study was performed in Peking University First Hospital, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital and Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Beijing, China, between 1 August 2014 and 25 April 2017. PATIENTS: Five hundred ninety-nine nulliparous women with single-term cephalic pregnancy preparing for vaginal delivery were enrolled. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Depressive symptoms were screened with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at delivery-room admission, 6-week postpartum and 2 years after childbirth. A score of 10 or higher was used as the threshold of depression. The primary endpoint was the presence of depression at 2 years after childbirth. The association between the use of neuraxial labour analgesia and the development of 2-year depression was analysed with a multivariable logistic regression model. RESULTS: Five hundred and eight parturients completed 2-year follow-up. Of these, 368 (72.4%) received neuraxial analgesia during labour and 140 (27.6%) did not. The percentage with 2-year depression was lower in those with neuraxial labour analgesia than in those without (7.3 [27/368] vs. 13.6% [19/140]; P = 0.029). After correction for confounding factors, the use of neuraxial analgesia during labour was associated with a significantly decreased risk of 2-year depression (odds ratio 0.455, 95% confidence interval 0.230 to 0.898; P = 0.023). CONCLUSION: For nulliparous women with single-term cephalic pregnancy planning for vaginal delivery, the use of neuraxial analgesia during labour was associated with a reduced risk of maternal depression at 2 years after childbirth. TRIAL REGISTRATION: www.chictr.org.cn: ChiCTR-OCH-14004888 and ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02823418.

Prevalence of SFTSV among Asian house shrews and rodents, China, January-August 2013.

To evaluate the role of small mammals as hosts of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), we tested serum samples from rodents and shrews in China, collected in 2013. SFTSV antibodies and RNA were detected, suggesting that rodents and shrews might be hosts for SFTSV.

Catalytic air oxidation of biogas slurry using Cu sub-nanocluster supported by mesoporous TiZrO4 and protected by SiO2 shell.

Biogas slurry, an inevitable outcome of anaerobic digestion (AD), is a treatment burden for urban environmental management. In this study, two kinds of biogas slurry (slurry J and slurry C), collected from the AD plants in Japan and China, were treated using novel TiZrO4 @Cu and TiZrO4 @Cu@SiO2 multilayered hollow spheres containing Cu sub-nanoclusters as the catalyst. The results showed that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) was removed by 63 % for slurry J and 44 % for slurry C after 5 h. The Cu sub-nanoclusters acted as co-catalysts and active centers, facilitating rapid electron transfer to oxygen molecules and forming highly reactive •O2- and •OH species (Use slurry J as the based solution). These free radicals cleaved the interconnecting bonds between benzene rings, disintegrated the ring structure, formed intermediate compounds such as n-hexylic acid, and ultimately mineralized organic pollutants in biogas slurry into CO2 and H2O. At the same time, TiZrO4 @Cu@SiO2 had excellent stability due to the protection of the SiO2 shell and reduced threefold Cu leaching than TiZrO4 @Cu. The COD removal rate was always 60 % in six cycles in the slurry J. The new catalyst ensured the high performance of catalytic air oxidation at low temperatures, which has significant potential as an environmentally friendly and energy-saving method for organic wastewater treatment.

Bioinformatics analysis of the prognostic role of alternative splicing data in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: As a post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism, alternative splicing (AS) is engaged in a variety of pathophysiological processes, and it has been widely reported in connection with the occurrence, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance of cancer. However, the research on AS in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is very limited. In addition, the prognostic effect of AS event (ASE) on LUAD and its related mechanism are not clear. This study aimed to explore the role and potential prognostic value of ASE in LUAD. Methods: Relevant data and ASE datasets of the sample were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and TCGASpliceSeq databases. We constructed a new prognostic criterion based on ASEs. Then, Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis were used to construct the model. Based on this model, the risk score of each ASE was calculated, and the reliability of this model was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Finally, these results were verified on different network platforms. Results: We identified seven types of ASEs related to survival. The prognostic risk model for ASEs was established. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that compared to the low-risk group, the overall survival (OS) rate of LUAD patients in the high-risk group was lower. ROC curve analysis showed that the prognostic risk model of LUAD patients was well predicted, and the area under the curve (AUC) also confirmed this. Conclusions: This study screened the ASE related to the prognosis of LUAD patients, and provided a theoretical basis for further study of the correlation between ASE and the prognosis of LUAD patients. It has provided new ideas for developing new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for LUAD patients.

VGSG: Vision-Guided Semantic-Group Network for Text-Based Person Search.

Text-based Person Search (TBPS) aims to retrieve images of target pedestrian indicated by textual descriptions. It is essential for TBPS to extract fine-grained local features and align them crossing modality. Existing methods utilize external tools or heavy cross-modal interaction to achieve explicit alignment of cross-modal fine-grained features, which is inefficient and time-consuming. In this work, we propose a Vision-Guided Semantic-Group Network (VGSG) for text-based person search to extract well-aligned fine-grained visual and textual features. In the proposed VGSG, we develop a Semantic-Group Textual Learning (SGTL) module and a Vision-guided Knowledge Transfer (VGKT) module to extract textual local features under the guidance of visual local clues. In SGTL, in order to obtain the local textual representation, we group textual features from the channel dimension based on the semantic cues of language expression, which encourages similar semantic patterns to be grouped implicitly without external tools. In VGKT, a vision-guided attention is employed to extract visual-related textual features, which are inherently aligned with visual cues and termed vision-guided textual features. Furthermore, we design a relational knowledge transfer, including a vision-language similarity transfer and a class probability transfer, to adaptively propagate information of the vision-guided textual features to semantic-group textual features. With the help of relational knowledge transfer, VGKT is capable of aligning semantic-group textual features with corresponding visual features without external tools and complex pairwise interaction. Experimental results on two challenging benchmarks demonstrate its superiority over state-of-the-art methods.

Prototype Adaption and Projection for Few- and Zero-Shot 3D Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation.

In this work, we address the challenging task of few-shot and zero-shot 3D point cloud semantic segmentation. The success of few-shot semantic segmentation in 2D computer vision is mainly driven by the pre-training on large-scale datasets like imagenet. The feature extractor pre-trained on large-scale 2D datasets greatly helps the 2D few-shot learning. However, the development of 3D deep learning is hindered by the limited volume and instance modality of datasets due to the significant cost of 3D data collection and annotation. This results in less representative features and large intra-class feature variation for few-shot 3D point cloud segmentation. As a consequence, directly extending existing popular prototypical methods of 2D few-shot classification/segmentation into 3D point cloud segmentation won't work as well as in 2D domain. To address this issue, we propose a Query-Guided Prototype Adaption (QGPA) module to adapt the prototype from support point clouds feature space to query point clouds feature space. With such prototype adaption, we greatly alleviate the issue of large feature intra-class variation in point cloud and significantly improve the performance of few-shot 3D segmentation. Besides, to enhance the representation of prototypes, we introduce a Self-Reconstruction (SR) module that enables prototype to reconstruct the support mask as well as possible. Moreover, we further consider zero-shot 3D point cloud semantic segmentation where there is no support sample. To this end, we introduce category words as semantic information and propose a semantic-visual projection model to bridge the semantic and visual spaces. Our proposed method surpasses state-of-the-art algorithms by a considerable 7.90% and 14.82% under the 2-way 1-shot setting on S3DIS and ScanNet benchmarks, respectively.

Intraoperative body temperature and emergence delirium in elderly patients after non-cardiac surgery: A secondary analysis of a prospective observational study.

BACKGROUND: Emergence delirium (ED) is a kind of delirium that occured in the immediate post-anesthesia period. Lower body temperature on post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) admission was an independent risk factor of ED. The present study was designed to investigate the association between intraoperative body temperature and ED in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. METHODS: This study was a secondary analysis of a prospective observational study. Taking baseline body temperature as a reference, intraoperative absolute and relative temperature changes were calculated. The relative change was defined as the amplitude between intraoperative lowest/highest temperature and baseline reference. ED was assessed with the confusion assessment method for intensive care unit at 10 and 30 min after PACU admission and before PACU discharge. RESULTS: A total of 874 patients were analyzed with a mean age of 71.8 ±â€Š5.3 years. The incidence of ED was 38.4% (336/874). When taking 36.0°C, 35.5°C, and 35.0°C as thresholds, the incidences of absolute hypothermia were 76.7% (670/874), 38.4% (336/874), and 17.5% (153/874), respectively. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, absolute hypothermia (lowest value <35.5°C) and its cumulative duration were respectively associated with an increased risk of ED after adjusting for confounders including age, education, preoperative mild cognitive impairment, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade, duration of surgery, site of surgery, and pain intensity. Relative hypothermia (decrement >1.0°C from baseline) and its cumulative duration were also associated with an increased risk of ED, respectively. When taking the relative increment >0.5°C as a threshold, the incidence of relative hyperthermia was 21.7% (190/874) and it was associated with a decreased risk of ED after adjusting above confounders. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, we found that intraoperative hypothermia, defined as either absolute or relative hypothermia, was associated with an increased risk of ED in elderly patients after non-cardiac surgery. Relative hyperthermia, but not absolute hyperthermia, was associated with a decreased risk of ED. REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR-OOC-17012734).

A comprehensive overview of clinical research on dexmedetomidine in the past 2 decades: A bibliometric analysis.

Introduction: Dexmedetomidine is a potent, highly selective α-2 adrenoceptor agonist with sedative, analgesic, anxiolytic, and opioid-sparing properties. A large number of dexmedetomidine-related publications have sprung out in the last 2 decades. However, no bibliometric analysis for clinical research on dexmedetomidine has been published to analyze hot spots, trends, and frontiers in this field. Methods: The clinical articles and reviews related to dexmedetomidine, published from 2002 to 2021 in the Web of Science Core Collection, were retrieved on 19 May 2022, using relevant search terms. VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to conduct this bibliometric study. Results: The results showed that a total of 2,299 publications were retrieved from 656 academic journals with 48,549 co-cited references by 2,335 institutions from 65 countries/regions. The United States had the most publications among all the countries (n = 870, 37.8%) and the Harvard University contributed the most among all institutions (n = 57, 2.48%). The most productive academic journal on dexmedetomidine was Pediatric Anesthesia and the first co-cited journal was Anesthesiology. Mika Scheinin is the most productive author and Pratik P Pandharipande is the most co-cited author. Co-cited reference analysis and keyword analysis illustrated hot spots in the dexmedetomidine field including pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, intensive care unit sedation and outcome, pain management and nerve block, and premedication and use in children. The effect of dexmedetomidine sedation on the outcomes of critically ill patients, the analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine, and its organ protective property are the frontiers in future research. Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis provided us with concise information about the development trend and provided an important reference for researchers to guide future research.

221S-1a inhibits endothelial proliferation in pathological angiogenesis through ERK/c-Myc signaling.

Pathological angiogenesis plays a major role in many disease processes, including cancer and diabetic retinopathy. Antiangiogenic therapy is a potential management for pathologic angiogenesis. The novel synthetic compound 221S-1a, derived from captopril, tanshinol and borneol, may have antiangiogenic properties. On the basis of MS, NMR and HPLC analysis, the structure of 221S-1a was identified. The cellular uptake and metabolism of this compound was also observed. Next, the antiangiogenic properties of 221S-1a were evaluated in tumor-xenograft and OIR models in vivo. The inhibitory properties of 221S-1a on endothelial cell proliferation, migration, tube formation and sprouting were detected in vitro. Furthermore, 221S-1a induced G1/S phase arrest was detected by PI staining flow cytometry analysis and Cyclin D, Cyclin E expression. 221S-1a inhibited ERK1/2 activation and nuclear translocation, in addition to downregulation of c-Myc, a transcription factor that regulates cell cycle progression. Molecular docking indicated the interaction of 221S-1a with the ATP-binding site of ERK2, leading to the inhibition of ERK2 phosphorylation and a concomitant inhibition of ERK1 phosphorylation. In conclusion, 221S-1a inhibited the G1/S phase transition by blocking the ERK1/2/c-Myc pathway to reduce tumor and OIR retinal angiogenesis. These novel findings suggest that 221S-1a is a potential pharmacologic candidate for treating pathological angiogenesis.

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) modulates lipid metabolism in white shrimp.

In addition to the Warburg effect, which increases the availability of energy and biosynthetic building blocks in WSSV-infected shrimp, WSSV also induces both lipolysis at the viral genome replication stage (12 hpi) to provide material and energy for the virus replication, and lipogenesis at the viral late stage (24 hpi) to complete virus morphogenesis by supplying particular species of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs). Here, we further show that WSSV causes a reduction in lipid droplets (LDs) in hemocytes at the viral genome replication stage, and an increase in LDs in the nuclei of WSSV-infected hemocytes at the viral late stage. In the hepatopancreas, lipolysis is triggered by WSSV infection, and this leads to fatty acids being released into the hemolymph. ß-oxidation inhibition experiment reveals that the fatty acids generated by WSSV-induced lipolysis can be diverted into ß-oxidation for energy production. At the viral late stage, WSSV infection leads to lipogenesis in both the stomach and hepatopancreas, suggesting that fatty acids are in high demand at this stage for virion morphogenesis. Our results demonstrate that WSSV modulates lipid metabolism specifically at different stages to facilitate its replication.

Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma: Incidence, Mortality, Prognostic Factors, and Survival Analysis Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database.

Background: Although epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare and aggressive vascular tumor, its demographic characteristics remain unclear. We used the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database to determine the clinical features, incidence, and prognostic factors associated with overall survival in patients with EHE. Methods: The demographic and clinical data of patients with EHE were extracted from the SEER database (1975-2019) to calculate the incidence of EHE and survival rate in these patients. The Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier method were used to analyze the prognostic factors of overall survival in these patients. A nomogram and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were employed to predict the 3- and 5-year survival rate. Results: The overall incidence rate (IR) of EHE was 0.230 (95%confidence interval [CI] = 0.201-0.263) per 1,000,000 person-years. According to the age-stratified IR, the highest age-adjusted IR was observed in patients aged 60-79 years (0.524 per 1,000,000 person-years, 95%CI = 0.406-0.665). The majority (30.8%) of the tumors were located in the soft tissue and skin, followed by lesions in the abdomen (28%), respiratory system (19%), bone and joint (8.6%), and others. The 5-year overall survival rate was 55.6% (95%CI = 32.8-73.5%). Multiple Cox regression analysis revealed that age >80 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 8.57, 95%CI = 2.32-31.63, P < 0.001), African-American race (HR = 2.52, 95%CI = 1.31-4.85, P < 0.01), "American Indian/Alaska Native" or "Asian or Pacific Islander" (HR = 2.99, 95%CI = 1.5-5.96, P < 0.01) race, and respiratory tumors (HR = 2.55, 95%CI = 1.37-4.75, P < 0.01) were distinctly related to worse overall survival. The calibration plots demonstrated good consistency between nomogram-predicted and actual survival. The area under the time-dependent ROC curve was 0.721 (95%CI = 0.63-0.81) and 0.719 (95%CI = 0.63-0.81) for the 3- and 5-year survival, respectively. For the convenience of researchers and clinicians, we designed an online dynamics nomogram to predict the survival rate. Conclusion: EHE is a relatively rare vascular tumor, which principally occurs in the soft tissue and skin. It most commonly occurs in patients aged 60-79 years and its incidence has increased in recent years. Age at diagnosis, race, and tumor location may affect the overall survival outcomes.

Therapeutic Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Combined with Predictive Nursing in Patients with Large-Area Severe Burns.

This study was aimed to explore the application value of ultrasound-guided peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) combined with predictive nursing in the treatment of large-area severe burns. 88 patients with large-area severe burns who visited hospital were chosen as the research objects. They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, with 44 cases in each. The patients in the observation group were treated with ultrasound-guided PICC combined with predictive nursing, while those in the control group were treated with traditional PICC and nursing methods. Then, the anxiety of patients was compared between groups by the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), while the depression was compared by the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). The pain of the patients was analyzed by the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), and a self-made nursing satisfaction questionnaire was adopted to evaluate the nursing satisfaction. The surgery-related indicators of the patients were detected and recorded (the success rate of one-time puncture, the success rate of one-time catheter placement, incidence of complications, heart rate, blood pressure, etc.). The success rates of one-time puncture (93% vs. 86%) and of catheter placement (95% vs. 81%) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, P < 0.05. The pain scores of the observation group were much lower than those of the control group at each time period, P < 0.05. The number of patients with negative emotions such as anxiety and depression in the observation group was markedly less than that in the control group. The incidence of complications in the observation group was notably lower than that in the control group (4.5% vs 18%), P < 0.05. The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (93% vs 79.5%), P < 0.05. In conclusion, ultrasound-guided PICC and predictive nursing had high clinical application values in the treatment of patients with large-area severe burns.

Near Net Forming Research for Fin-Typed LED Radiator.

Pure aluminum radiator is the best choice for heat dissipation of various LED products at present. Its forming methods include common extrusion, die casting, forging, etc. Compared with other forming technologies, the LED radiator formed by cold forging has good heat dissipation performance, but there are some disadvantages in the forming process, such as uneven deformation, large material consumption and low die life. The cold forging process of pure aluminum fin-typed LED radiator is analyzed by the finite element method. The calculation results show that equal fillet structure of concave die is improper, leading to serious uneven flow velocity distribution during aluminum forging, inconsistent fin length, and warpage tendency. The gradient fillet structure of concave die is adopted. Numerical simulation and production test show that the gradient fillet structure design can significantly reduce the uneven metal flow. The extruded fins have a uniform length, which is conducive to reducing subsequent machining and production cost.

White Spot Syndrome Virus Triggers a Glycolytic Pathway in Shrimp Immune Cells (Hemocytes) to Benefit Its Replication.

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the causative agent of a shrimp disease that inflicts in huge economic losses in shrimp-farming industry. WSSV triggers aerobic glycolysis in shrimp immune cells (hemocytes), but how this virus regulates glycolytic enzymes or pathway is yet to be characterized. Therefore, mRNA levels and activity of four important glycolytic enzymes, Hexokinase (HK), Phosphofructokinase (PFK), Pyruvate kinase (PK), and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), were measured in WSSV-infected shrimp hemocytes. Gene expression of HK and PFK, but not LDH or PK, was increased at the viral genome replication stage (12 hpi); furthermore, activity of these enzymes, except HK, was concurrently increased. However, there was no increased enzyme activity at the viral late stage (24 hpi). In vivo dsRNA silencing and glycolysis disruption by 2-DG further confirmed the role of glycolysis in virus replication. Based on tracing studies using stable isotope labeled glucose, glycolysis was activated at the viral genome replication stage, but not at the viral late stage. This study demonstrated that WSSV enhanced glycolysis by activating glycolytic enzyme at the viral genome replication stage, providing energy and biomolecules for virus replication.